OSI Model
During the past two decades there has been a tremendous increase in the numbers and sizes of networks. Many of the networks, however, were built using different implementations of hardware and software. As a result, many of the networks were incompatible and it became difficult for networks using different specifications to communicate with each other. To address this problem, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) researched many network schemes. The ISO recognized that there was a need to create a network model that would help network builders implement networks that could communicate and work together (interoperability) and therefore, released the OSI reference model in 1984. This chapter explains how standards ensure greater compatibility and interoperability between various types of network technologies. In this chapter, you will learn how the OSI reference model networking scheme supports networking standards. In addition, you will see how information or data makes its way from application programs (such as spreadsheets) through a network medium (such as wires) to other application programs located on other computers on a network. As you work through this chapter, you will learn about the basic functions that occur at each layer of the OSI model, which will serve as a foundation as you begin to design, build and troubleshoot networks. The concept of layers will help you understand the action that occurs during communication from one compu...
The movie IOUSA is a documentary that draws attentions to the impact and magnitude of federal debt to the United States of America. It explores the history of the US federal debt since the independence day and the major events and the action that were taken. The movie discusses four major type of fiscal deficits demonstrating the irresponsibility and danger in each one of these types. These four sections are: the budget deficit, saving deficit, trade deficit and finally leadership deficit.
Question 2-1 The OWI (the United States Office of War Information) was an extension of the United States government, created during World War II. It was created in order to deliver propaganda both at home and abroad. Through radio broadcasts, newspapers, posters, photographs, films and other forms of media, the OWI was the ultimate connection between the battlefront and it’s civilian communities. a. BMPA – Bureau of Motion Picture Affairs – i. As mentioned above, during the US’s involvement in World War II, the Hollywood film industry became extremely involved with the government in order to support its war-aims information campaign through film and other forms of media. Following the declaration of war on Japan, the government created the Bureau of Motion Picture Affairs in order to better coordinate the production of entertainment features (film) with more patriotic, morale-boosting themes and messages emphasizing the “American way of life”, the nature of the enemy and the allies, civilian responsibility on the home front and of course, the fighting forces themselves.
Brigham (1999) investigated the history of forensic psychology and how it is used and defined at
In the Canadian society there exists millions of people of which majority are white people scientifically referred to as Caucasian, there too exists black people whom are referred to as ethnically African people and of course our case study today Aborigines whom have been Canada’s marginalized minority that have suffered social injustice across the board.
It seems like forever that teens have to wait to be able to drive, and then when the time finally arrives that they are eligible to fasten a seatbelt and go, they are bombarded with the dreadful driving restrictions that are placed on them. David W. Eby, Ph.D., research scientist at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, has different views than some. Eby says, “If we’re ever going to solve the aging mobility problem, we need to have better alternatives for people, it can’t always fall to the personal vehicle.” There are plenty teenage drivers out there who undoubtedly would put the blame of their wrecks on the car itself. Would the real diagnosis of teenage wrecks actually be the teenagers themselves? Very many folks would put the blame upon the teenagers, and they would most likely be correct with that presumption. The restrictions on teenage drivers such as, driver’s ed. classes and other qualifications for obtaining a license, are made for a reason. Teenagers live a carefree life style and always are ready to accelerate on to the next busy aspect of life.
The Physical Layer is the lowest layer of the Open Source Interconnect Model (OSI). It is the layer that deals with all the measurable, physical entities associated with the network. At this layer it is specified how much bandwidth (Baseband or Broadband) will be used in the transmission of data on the network. This layer also includes the physical topology (physical lay out) of the network such as: Bus, Star, Ring or Mesh. The Physical Layer includes these devices: Network Interface Cards (NICs), Transceivers, Hubs, Multistation Access Units (MAUs), Repeaters and Cables. It is at this layer that frames received from the Data Link layer are converted to bits for transmission over the network media to the receiving machines Physical Layer.
In today’s society, transportation is a huge part of how we function. Although some believe a person has to be much older, or mature, before being able to drive, I think people should start early. In my opinion, one should be eligible to drive at the age of sixteen. I believe driving should be a privilege for sixteen year olds because of the responsibility, activities that require transportation, and they can assist others.
Most Americans over the age of sixteen have a license and drive a car. The problem being not everyone can handle their car in an elegant manor, most teenagers on the road do not have much experience on driving, especially in a stressful situation like trying to merge onto a busy roadway. The goal of this paper is to entice new drivers on practicing safe driving tactics, by providing numerous written reports, peer reviews, and articles establishing the fact that teens are not simply prepared to drive. Teens have been proven to get into more crashes than someone who is thirty or older. Since new innovations and technological advances
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, “Your teen will overtake additional independent if they assimilate how to drive, especially if they commence operating motor vehicles to drudgery by themselves.” The carbon copy Academy states that possessing an automobile can also increase the teens responsibility due to all the care taking you have to accomplish, to retain its management. And for the rearmost but unquestionably not the least significant, being capable to operate an automobile can be a life-saver; visualize if you and a ram-shackled elder, let’s say a 63 year old, and you gentlemen are miles out of a municipality and he instantaneously has a myocardial infarction! The odds are, he’ll have a more superior probability if you get in the automobile and commence operating back then fraught to call someone for
I actually believe that driving could get teens to mature faster and become more responsible. When they are driving they become more cautious because they have them and any other passengers in the car. They know they have to be careful
Teens need independence, experience and proper training. This would greatly impact the number of teen collisions that are happening now and help to lessen those numbers. It is unfair to prevent all sixteen year olds from driving because of the traffic accidents of a minority of teens. It would be much more effective to introduce better restrictions on these new driver’s in order for them to gain experience in a controlled environment until they are safe to drive alone. A better, more well rounded, driving education would also help. In an article from The Seattle Times that asks teens thoughts on the subject, one says, “‘If adults put time into helping kids drive rather than ranting about them, then kids would learn how to make good decisions and drive well,’” (The Seattle Times). These tragic deaths from teenage driving accidents can be reduced but the way to do it is not by raising the driving
Eighteen year olds have learned to use precaution in driving from their peers and teachers to get a greater knowledge about the road. According to the National Highway Safety Administration said, "The rate of crashes per mile driven for sixteen year old drivers is almost ten times the rate for adults" (1). Indicating that adults are more responsible who are also precaution on the road then young adults. As a matter of fact, all fifty states prohibit youth from drinking alcohol, buying cigarettes, and purchasing handguns (4). But they are giving them a potentially deadly weapon, a car. Some parents believe that drinking alcohol, buying cigarettes, and purchasing handguns are going to harm their children. Not to mention, they do not know is that letting teenagers under eighteen drive an automobile without responsibility and precaution is
Yes, it is time for IPI to reconsider the salesforce organization. As IPI has more key customer types than the number of product lines, decision should also base on people consideration or customer type. By having each region specializing the accounts according to customer type rather specify through certain product line, both buyer and distributors satisfy their needs all at one. It is a better way to delivery product to customers, customers would be more happier if they can finished their shipping list without goes around the store talk to different expertise of certain product. Thus, it less time waiting and no repetition of same customer asking same question to multiple salesperson, less cost of customer duplication.
ErrealMedia (2010) Network standards OSI Reference Model; History of OSI Model; OSI Layers in Action http://www.erealmedia.com/cms125/
“Over than 6000 adolescences are dying each year from car accidents” According to the article “Americans are dying each year by accidents,” Seth Bronstein” (2016). Teens are not mature enough to drive at a young age. Particularly, when they are in schools or universities. Teenagers should drive to college. Also they may use their carriages to go to other dwellings that are unneeded such as a party, that’s why driving age should be raised 21. Also there are two reasons 21 should be the age of driving, drivers will be more responsible and the number of car accidents will decrease.