In today’s society, there are multiple kinds of theories that focus on different psychological, social, and human behaviors. Evaluating a theory is important to better understand the structure and its need for use in practice or study. Theory evaluation often generates new thoughts, strengths, and weaknesses of the theory examined (McEwen, 2014). Theories often display past behaviors and viewpoints and in the future applied to improve practice or gain further research within an area.
Clarity and Design of the Theory
The theory I chose to further examine was Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs. Maslow’s Theory and Hierarchy of Needs is a motivational theory in psychology. I selected to further examine this theory as though it is not a direct nursing
…show more content…
The theory is specific to the field of nursing and those that help take care of others. The purpose is justifiably a nursing purpose and reflects nursing actions by addressing a core concept of focusing on the person as a human-being, and addressing what they define as needs and how to meet those needs. The Theory of Motivation may be “applied in nursing, in the attempt to understand the service of the human being and the dynamics that involves the people delivering and receiving care” (Porto & Regis, 2011). The theory could be applied to determine nursing interventions to meet one’s needs, or to determine a patient’s sense of fulfillment for a goal.
Examples of this theory used in nursing include:
• Maslow’s basic physiologic need for food-related to hospital nutrition while the patient is sick. Take into consideration does the patient have any cultural dietary preferences or allergies. Make sure patient’s need is satisfied, for example, a patient received a tray containing beef and green beans. The patient’s religion restricts eating beef, and he doesn’t like green beans.
• Maslow’s safety need- does the patient feel safe in their environment not only at the hospital but at home. Is there a resource you can provide to them? Establish nurse-patient trust rapport. For example, the patient is in an abusive relationship at home in which you identified during the HITS questionnaire; provide the patient with appropriate resources and a safe environment before continuing
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is shaped like a pyramid. The first level or “base” of the pyramid consists of Physiological needs, such as: breathing, food, water, and sleep. The second level is labeled as Safety, involving security of body, resources, morality, family, and property. The third level includes Love for self, friends, and family, and the fourth level is titled Esteem such as: self-esteem, confidence, achievement, and respect of and by others. The fifth and final level is called Self-Actualization, and consists of creativity, morality, lack of prejudice and spontaneity. Maslow states that to fulfill these needs, you must start from the very bottom and work your way up, and that if your most basic
The whole patient is worth more than the sum of the parts. Furthermore Frisch says that the Modeling and Role Modeling theory includes several different theories. One such theory that is used is Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy is a triangle that implies that one must meet the basic physiological needs before one and move the triangle and ultimately satisfy their spiritual self. This model has five tiers, physiological needs, Safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. If the patient’s physical needs are not being met, then the patient is unable to feel safe and secure (Frisch 2013). If the patient does not feel safe and secure then a trusting and therapeutic relationship cannot be made with the nurse; therefore, education and goal setting cannot
Abraham Maslow, a researcher in psychology contributed to the field f science by analysis how motives are organized in a hierarchy and describes the formula for a healthy personality. The Maslow Hierarchy of Needs is a systematic arrangement of needs, according to priority, in which basic needs must be met before less basic needs are aroused. Many stages are arranged in the hierarchy; from progressively less basic needs are at the top of the pyramid, towards regression of lower needs that are not being satisfied at the bottom. The lowest stage on the pyramid, physiological needs, is defined as the most basic needs for dealing with the maintenance of the body, such as hunger, thirst, and so forth (Weiten, 2013). One of the individuals who achieved the need was Joe. He was brought to the hospital for immediate blood transfusion because his white blood count has significantly decreased, which could lead to infection. This is an example of physiological needs because going to the hospital is maintaining the human body, which is extremely necessary for survival (Walker & George,
Maslow’s original theory talked about a pyramid shape of achievements that every person unknowingly is striving to achieve. The bottom level is physiological needs such as food, water, shelter, and warmth. As we move up the pyramid next is safety which is security (money), stability, and freedom of fear. These two bottom sections of the pyramid are known as the basic needs because everyone on earth requires these basic needs to move to the next level of the pyramid. The next level is belonging/ love needs consisting of friends, family, spouse, or lover. From here on up your base needs are very helpful in reaching your next needs, Self-esteem which includes achievement, mastery, recognition, and respect. Lastly is your self-actualization need where ...
The American Nursing Association defines nursing as ““protection, promotion, and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” (American Nurse Association, 2011, p. 7). There is so much more to nursing as a whole moreover throughout this paper I will be examining my own personal nursing philosophy, which is what I believe is the core characteristics of nursing, the approach of my nursing philosophy, along with my belief and value system of caring, compassion, advocacy, respect, honesty and integrity. I will be discussing my choice of becoming a nurse, what
Many theorist throughout the nursing history have provided concrete ideas to improve patient outcomes by providing quality of care. One theorist used is the Maslow’s Hierarchy; which focuses that an individual basic needs must be met before any other need.
Aside from Florence Nightingale, there are other icons in the history of nursing. For example, some important individuals are Virginia Henderson, Dorothy Johnson, Martha Rogers, Abraham Maslow, and Sister Callista Roy. These icons believed that the goal of nursing is to help clients, reduce stress, to help identify their needs, prevent illness, and promote health (O’Neill, pg. 4, 2014). All of these principles play a major role in the nursing profession. Some other their frameworks or principles are involved with the fourteen fundamentals needs, 7 behavioral subsystem in an adaptation model, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, evidence-based practice, primary caring, advance practice nursing, cultural competence, holistic approach, primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention (O’Neill, pg. 4, 2014). These changes has improved and reformed many aspect of
To make good nursing decisions, nurses require an internal roadmap with knowledge of nursing theories. Nursing theories, models, and frameworks play a significant role in nursing, and they are created to focus on meeting the client’s needs for nursing care. According to McEwen and Wills (2014), conceptual models and theories could create mechanisms, guide nurses to communicate better, and provide a “systematic means of collecting data to describe, explain, and predict” about nursing and its practice (p. 25). Most of the theories have some common concepts; others may differ from one theory to other. This paper will evaluate two nursing theorists’ main theories include Sister Callista Roy’s
Unlike many of his colleagues at the time who were focusing on psychopathology, or what is wrong with individuals, he focused on how individuals are motivated to fulfill their potential and what needs govern their respective behaviors (McLeod)). Maslow developed the hierarchy over time, adjusting from a rigid structure where needs must be met before being able to achieve a higher level, to where the individuals can experience and behave in ways across the hierarchy multiple times daily depending on their needs. The hierarchy is comprised of 5 levels; Physiological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Esteem, and Self-Actualization. The bottom two levels are considered basic needs, or deficiency needs because once the needs are met they cease to be a driving factor, unlike psychological needs. Loving and Belonging and Esteem needs are considered psychological needs, and are different from basic needs because they don’t stem from a lack of something, but rather the desire to grow. Maslow theorizes that individual’s decisions and behavior are determined based on their current level of needs, and the ideal level to achieve full potential culminates in self-actualization; however, operating on this level cannot be achieved until the preceding levels of needs have been
The strength of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that it has influenced practice in childcare settings as it aids in the understanding of the child more clearly and children and young people can be helped in ensuring that their basic needs are met in order or them to learn and make the correct choices about their health, safety and well-being. However a weakness of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that it cannot be tested or measured precisely if one need has been fulfilled before the next need has to be achieved.
Nursing theory can be applied to resolve nursing problems or issues, irrespective of the field of practice. A nursing theory benefits nurses and the patients that are in his or her charge. . Depending on the issue or problem that is needed to be solved determines what theory needs to be used. Nursing theory started with Florence Nightingale. She believed that a clean environment would promote better health. Virginia Henderson’s need theory emphasizes the need to ensure that the patient’s independence is being increased while in a health care facility. Ensuring that a patient can increase his or her independence allows for them to experience better outcomes upon discharge home. This is just two examples of nursing theories that were used
Abraham Maslow wrote the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. This theory was based on fulfilling five basic needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. Maslow believed that these needs could create internal pressures that could influence the behavior of a person. (Robbins, p.204)
Abraham Maslow did studies of the basic needs of human beings. He put these needs into a hierarchical order. This means that until the need before it has been satisfied, the following need can not be met (Encyclopedia, 2000). For example, if someone is hungry they are not thinking too much about socializing. In the order from lowest to highest the needs are psychological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. The first three are classified as lower order needs and the last two are higher order (Hierarchy, 2000). Without meeting these needs workers are not going to be as productive as they could otherwise. The first three are considered to be essential to all humans at all times. The last two have been argued but are mostly considered to be very important as well.
In 1943, psychologist Abraham Maslow developed a theory of basic human needs: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. His theory suggests that embedded in the very nature of each human being are certain needs that must be attained in order for a person to be whole physically, psychologically, and emotionally. First, there are phys...
Using the framework of the Synthesized Method of Theory Evaluation, a critique of the Nursing Needs Theory (NNT) was completed to assess the applicability of this theory within the practice of nursing. The Synthesized Method is divided into three primary parts: theory description, analysis and evaluation. The purpose of these parts is to describe the nursing theory and