When we think of communication, we tend to think of speech, but there is a lot more to it than verbal communication. Gesturing, tone of voice and facial expressions are all parts of communication that are not verbal. We may not even always realize how much of communication is non-verbal, because we normally don’t think about it that way. However, it would be nearly impossible to communicate without non-verbal communication.
The areas of the brain that deal with speech and verbal communication are on the left side of the brain. Broca’s area in the left front of the brain deals with producing speech, and Vernike’s area in the left side of the brain deals with understanding speech. In some cases, the left side of the brain is much stronger than the right side, and a person is much stronger with verbal communication than non-verbal communication and activities. This is referred to as a non-verbal learning disability (NLD). The main characteristic of people with NLD is that their verbal IQ tends to be much higher than their performance IQ. The purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics of NLD, and look at ways to help students with this disability .
Byron P. Rourke, PhD is one of the psychologists who has done the most work regarding NLD. In his book Nonverbal Learning Disabilities: The Syndrome and the Model, he describes seven characteristics shown by children with NLD. They are (1) “Spatial organizations.” (2) “Visual detail.” (3) “Procedural Errors.” (4) “Failure to shift psychological sets.” (5) Graphomotor Skills. (6) “Memory.” And (7) “Judgment and Reasoning.” (Rourke 31-32). The difficulties vary from person to person, but those were the most common.
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...nk that NLD is a type of disability that is not very well understood. Dr. Rourke was one of the first psychologists to truly study it in depth. We still don’t completely understand it, even with the work that has been done. I hope that schools will learn to understand NLD and make the accommodations necessary to help NLD students to be more successful. I know from personal experience that if the proper accommodations are not made, it can make school extremely difficult for NLD students.
Work Cited Byron P. Rourke, PhD Nonverbal Learning Disabilities: The Syndrome and the Model,
Dance is an ever evolving form of art; in much the same way that one can categorize and differentiate between eras and styles of architecture one can also do so with dance. These eras at times have sharp delineations separating them from their antecedents, other times the distinction is far more subtle. Traditional forms of dance were challenged by choreographers attempting to expand the breadth and increase the depth of performance; preeminent among such visionaries was Seattle born dancer and choreographer Mark Morris. Mark Morris' began as one of the millions of hopeful individuals attempting to simply make a career in dance; he not only succeeded but managed to have a lasting effect on the entire landscape of dance.
Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, by Dillenburger, K., and Keenan M., published in 2009, summarized Nov 19, 2009
Registering for classes is just the beginning for learning disabled students. Kyle Turin, a freshman with Dyslexia, at Northeastern University is dismayed at the lack of attention he feels he is getting. Turin was diagnosed at a young age. He was never officially tested for a learning disability, but he was put into a specialized reading class until he went to high school. Kyle learned how to compensate for his difficulties but felt he slipped through the cracks in the system.
Tom Smith, Edward Polloway, James Patton, and Carol Dowdy state, a 2008 report shows that 8.96% of the school-age population… have disabilities and of that number, 3.89% or almost half, were identified as learning disabled (2012, p. 160). Learning disabilities has always been a tough diagnosis due to accounting for a lot of factors like behavior, no proper teaching, culture and language, health issues, and other disability affecting learning. Not only that but there are different subject areas of learning disability in math, reading, and writing.
...l. 52, No. 6, 583-590. Ferri, B., Gregg, N., Heggoy, S. (1997). Profiles of college students demonstrating learning disabilities with and without giftedness. Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 30, No. 5, 552-559. Wetzel, K. (1996). Speech-recognizing computers: A written-communication tool for students with learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 29, No. 4, 371-380. Swanson, H., Trahan, M. (1996). Learning disabled and average readers' working memory and comprehension: Does metacognition play a role? British Journal of Educational Psychology. 66, 333-355. Farmer, M., Matthews, C., Rid*censored*, B., Sterling, C., (1998). Adult dyslexic writing. The Journal of the British Dyslexia Association. Vol. 4, No. 1, 1-15. Alexander, P., Graner, R. (1989). Metacognition: Answered and unanswered questions. Educational Psychologist. 24 (2), 143-158.
Santa Barbara, CA: Learning Works, 1996. Print. The. Girod, Christina M. Learning Disabilities. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 2001. Print.
Learning disabilities are considered to be neurobehavioral disorders (Stewart 2002 p. 4). These disorders are classified as an abnormality in the way that the brain processes information (Stewart 2002 p. 4). It should be noted that neurobehavioral disorders are not considered intellectual disabilities, but rather a difference in cognition, as well as difficulties in the way an individual understands outside stimuli and how the person interacts with the world (Stewart 2002 p. 4). Though learning disorders have traditionally been defined as disorders that explain verbal deficits, recently, there has been a shift in changing the definition of learning disorders to neuropsychological disorders that affect learning and behavior (Grodzinsky et al., 2010 p. 435). Nonverbal Learning Disorder is an example of a disorder that is classified as a neurobehavioral disorder in which the right hemisphere of the brain is affected (Harendek & Rouke 1994 p. 144, Stewart 2002 p. 4). This paper contains a literature review of information pertaining to Nonverbal Learning Disorder.
Learning about learning disabilities has been an eye opening experience. I have worked with children who had home life issues that they struggled with at school. But to see and realize that these children cannot change how their brain operates is difficult to watch. My case study is a typical young boy who really doesn’t want to be in school. He would rather be with his dad hunting with guns in the woods. I know now that he probably dislikes school because he struggles with completing the tasks and assignments given to him. Hopefully, this study will provide me with more insight into ways that I could help him and others like him once I become a certified teacher.
Turner, Robert. “Steve Paxton’s Interior Techniques: Contact Improvisation and Political Power.” TDR: The Drama Review no. 3 (2010): 123
The report highlights in detail the role and the importance of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in an organization with respect to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and its growing impact in the industry and talks about the changing SCM trends keeping RFID as the focal point.
I viewed a video clip in YouTube about a 10 year old girl named Sariah (YouTube, 2009). Sariah has a language disorder called expressive language disorder (ELD). Sariah was having difficulties in verbalizing what she recalled from a story. She was not using full sentences when she spoke and seemed unable to express her thoughts about the film that she had seen. Sariah seemed anxious while she attempted to get the words to communicate what she wanted to articulate.
Non-verbal communication decodes messages using body language and facial expressions. Therefore, non-verbal communication is a type of language as its own that can be used universally. This includes, touching behavior, proximity, eye contact, gestures and many more. Furthermore, non-verbal communication can be misinterpreted as well because people from other countries has different ways of interpreting gesture...
I learned a lot about Human Communication in this class when I read the chapter about Nonverbal Communication. Nonverbal Communication is the process of using messages that are not words to generate meaning. I learned that it happens every day. I also learned that is very hard to read or understand depending on the person you are speaking to or with. Verbal and Nonverbal codes work in conjunction with each other. The words we speak or say are used in conjunction six different ways: to repeat, to emphasize, to complement, to contradict, to substitute, and to regulate. I never knew until reading this chapter that we do these things all most every time we communicate. These are things I took for granted until now. I now know that I will pay
First of all, the difference is in the facility or convenience. Travelling on public transport could be a waste of time due to waiting for the bus especially in the rush hours’ time. It is quite hard to wait for a bus and whenever there is an urgent work and you have to reach somewhere in a hurry, you might get late due to waiting for a long period. In contrast to traveling on public transportation, driving your own car is more convenient and reliable. People can start their car and can go to anywhere that want without any wait or suffering from different kinds of problems. Going to an event or meeting can be helpful in your own car as compare to public transport as it can affect your personality.
If you use public transport you spend on your journey as and when you need to travel, whereas if you own a car you are paying for it all the time, even if you are not using it, as insurance, tax and MOTs need constantly maintaining.