Niels Bohr
Niels Bohr was born on the seventh of October of 1885 in Copenhagen, Denmark and died there also on the eighteenth of November of 1962. Bohr’s came from an upper-middle class family and his mother was the daughter of a Jewish banker, his father was a Christian physiology professor at University of Copenhagen. His father was nominated two times for the Nobel Prize during his time there. Bohr attended the University of Copenhagen in 1903 at the age of eighteen. Ever since Bohr was younger he was interested in physics and always knew it was what he wanted to study. Bohr finally received his doctorate in 1911 and the following year married Margrethe Norlund. Together Bohr and Margrethe had six sons, the fourth of which worked with
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During the later part of 1943, Germany began to occupy Denmark in its attempted conquer of Europe. This led the Nazi Germany filing a warrant for Niels Bohr arrest to capture him so that he could help them in building an atomic bomb. When Bohr found out about this he fled away to Sweden with his family but shortly after invited to England with very vague letters but he knew exactly what it was about. When he arrived to England they put him right to work on building an atomic bomb. Bohr had decided now that the word was out about he atomic bomb it was just a matter of time and who would do it first, the allies of axis. He worked tirelessly on the development of the atomic bomb in Los Alamos. He ended up making enormous contributions to the technical part of the project, specifically a piece known as the initiator which works by releasing a burst of neutrons and kickstarting the entire process. But his most important role and contribution to the whole project was as a “scientific father confessor to the younger men” according to J. Robert
Many people had their thoughts about why or why not the Hydrogen Bomb should have been built. What this essay will talk about is why the Hydrogen Bomb was built. "The successful explosion of a Teller-inspired thermonuclear device in 1952 gave" the U.S. the go ahead blow against the Soviet Union in the arms race of the fifties (Teller and Ulam). Scientists around the world had been thinking that a thermonuclear bomb, also known as the Hydrogen Bomb, could be developed, but their arms race was completely focused on the atomic bomb. Oppenheimer was a household name because he was the head scientist at Los Alamos while developing the atomic bomb, after that had been completed the tide shifted to a man who’s name is Edward Teller.
A local leader that I respect more than anyone else in my town is Perth Amboy Public Schools Administrator Edwin Nieves. Edwin Nieves is an educator and a leader who has worked his way up to where he stands now. He served the United States Army, where he learned about discipline, respect, honor, integrity, courage and service. At one point, he was my 5th grade teacher and when I was in high school, he was my school principal. During those years as my educator, a mentor and a friend, Nieves was able to motivate me to always follow my dreams and he said to me, “Be fearless in the pursuit of what sets your soul on fire. Nieves one of those people who works in silent, for his people and never for his personal interest. His accomplishments are everyone’s
The U.S. decided to develop the atomic bomb based on the fear they had for the safety of the nation. In August 1939 nuclear physicists sent manuscripts to Albert Einstein in fear the Germany might use the new knowledge of fission on the uranium nucleus as way to construct weapons. In response, on August 2, 1939, Einstein sent a letter to President Roosevelt concerning the pressing matter to use uranium to create such weapons before Germany (Doc A-1). To support the development of the atomic bomb, President Roosevelt approved the production of the bomb following the receipt that the bomb is feasible on January 19, 1942. From this day to December of 1942, many laboratories and ...
In 1938 many people feared that Hitler would build an atomic bomb after word spread that German scientist had split the uranium atom (fission). However, one of Hitlers mistakes was his persecution of Jewish scientists. This persecution resulted in numerous scientists seeking asylum in the United States.
The Manhattan Project was the code name for a science project conducted during World War II by the United States with the partial support of the United Kingdom and Canada. The ultimate goal of the project was the development of the first atomic bomb before Nazi Germany. The scientific research was directed by physicist Julius Robert Oppenheimer while security and military operations were carried out by General Leslie Richard Groves. The project was carried out in many research centers being the most important of them the Manhattan Engineer District located on the site now known as Los Alamos Manhattan Project was the code name for a science project conducted during World National Laboratory. The project brought together a wealth of scientific luminaries as Robert Oppenheimer, Niels Bohr, Enrico Fermi, Ernest Lawrence, etc. . . . Since, after experiments in Germany before the war, it was known that atomic fission was possible and that the Nazis were already working on its own nuclear program, several bright minds met. Many Jewish ex...
Harald became the first of the Bohr brothers to earn a master’s degree. Niels earned his 9 months later. The students in his class had to submit a thesis on a subject assigned by their supervisor. Bohr’s supervisor was Christiansen, and the topic he gave them was the electron theory of metals. Bohr then elaborated his master’s thesis in to his much larger theory “Doctor of Philosophy” thesis. He questioned the literature on the subject ,settling on a model assumed by Paul Drude and elaborated by Hendrik Lorentz ,which stated in which the electrons on a meta; are considered to behave like a gas. Bohr enlarged Lorentz model, but still unable to account for singularities like the Hall Effect, and decided that the electron theory could not fully explain the magnetic properties of metals. The theory was directed in April of 1911, and Bohr conducted his defense in May of 1911. Bohr’s thesis was groundbreaking, but didn’t attracted much attention outside of Scandinavia because it was written in Danish, a Copenhagen University requirement at the time. In 1921 the Dutch physicist Hendrika Johanna van Leeuwen independently derived a theorem from Bohr’s theory and today that is known as the Bohr−van Leeuwen Theorem. In 1911 Bohr traveled to England, which was where most of theoretical work in the structures of atoms were being done. He met with J.J. Thomson of Cavendish Laboratory and Trinity College, Cambridge. He attended lectures on electromagnetism given by James jean and Joseph Larmor and decided to do some research on cathode rays, but failed to impress Thomson. He had more success with younger physicists like Australian William Lawrence Bragg, and New Zealand’s Ernest Rutherford, whose 1911 Rutherford method of the atom had challenged...
First off Robert Oppenheimer started making the bomb when Poland was invaded by the Nazi’s. (Atomic Heritage) The Bomb or the Atom Bomb was created and then dropped at the Manhattan Project for testing. The Manhattan project was a success at the time. The making of the bomb meant that they could end the war. Oppenheimer said, “I am the destroyer of worlds”. Their really wasn’t any other any inventions that lead up to this invention. The discovery of Plutonium made the invention of the Atomic bomb more realistic to accomplish.(Atomic Heritage)
In 1939 rumor came to the U.S. that Germans had split the atom. The threat of the Nazis developing a nuclear weapon prompted President Roosevelt to establish The Manhattan Project. Oppenheimer set up a research lab in Los Alamos, New Mexico and brought the best minds in physics to work on the problem of creating a nuclear weapon. Although most the research and development was done in Los Alamos, there were over 30 other research locations throughout the project. After watching the first nuclear bomb test Oppenheimer was quoted as saying simply “It works.”.
Richard P. Feynman was born in 1918 in Brooklyn; in 1942 he received his Ph.D. from Princeton. Already displaying his brilliance, Feynman played an important role in the development of the atomic bomb through his work in the Manhattan Project. In 1945 he became a physics teacher at Cornell University, and in 1950 he became a professor at the California Institute of Technology. He, along with Sin-Itero and Julian Schwinger, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 for his work in the field of quantum electrodynamics.
In 1938, while in America, Enrico was appointed to be the Professor of Physics at Columbia University. Soon after discovering the Fission, He saw the potentially second neutron. He continued his experiments, which led to Atomic Pile and the first nuclear reactor, which helped make way for the Atomic bomb. In 1944, he was accepted to work at the Institute for Nuclear Studies of the University of Chicago, which he worked at until his death. During when he worked on the Atomic Bomb he and another wrote when the team was discussing the bomb, he said, "It is clear that such a weapon cannot be justified on any ethical ground... The fact that no limits exist to the destructiveness of this weapon makes its very existence and the knowledge of its construction a danger to humanity as a whole. It is necessarily an evil thing considered in any light." However, President Truman ordered it creation anyways. Afterward the war, he was appointed to the General Advisory Committee for the Atomic Energy Commission. In 1949, there was a commission to develop the H-Bomb( The Hydrogen Bomb), however Enrico Fermi was appalled at the thought of another super-bomb, which he co-authored an addendum to the commission condemning what they were doing with harsh language. Unfortunately, the creation of the H-Bomb
In autumn of 1992, one of the world's greatest contemporary physicists passed away. David Bohm, whose work inspired many people all over the world, died in London. David Bohm's contributions to science and philosophy are profound, and they have yet to be fully recognized and integrated on the grand scale. David Bohm was born on December 20, 1917, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. Bohm was fascinated by the dazzling concepts of cosmic forces and vast expanses of space that lie beyond our understanding.
Pierre Boulez, an inspirational composer, conductor, and music theorist of the late 20th century, was born in Montbrison, France, on March 26, 1925. When growing up, he learned that he had greatly excelled in both music and mathematics. Originally student at a technical school, he began studying mathematics. He also studied music and engineering. After deciding to pursue a career in music, he became a student at Paris Conservatoire.
Erwin Schrödinger’s memorable life began in 1887, as the son of Rudolf and Georgine Schrödinger. This was the start of a very important physicist’s childhood. Schrödinger was introduced to the sciences at an early age, being that his father and grandfather studied chemistry (Abbott 145). Because of the scientific environment his family provided, he was later led to gain interest in the sciences himself. Schrödinger began his early education attending the Gymnasium, a secondary school where his academic interests ranged from science to ancient grammar. Here is where he learned the fundamentals of the scientific disciplines and subsequently resulted in his study of physics at the University of Vienna from 1906-1910 (“Erwin”). Proceeding his work at the University of Vienna, which laid the foundation for his future great discoveries, he took up an assistant position for Max Wien in 1920 (“Erwin”). Following that, he was promo...
I have made many points in this paper, but they all center around one subject: Bohr’s model and how big of an influence it made on chemistry history. There are a bunch of details and important equations that have come out of his model, and, although there might be a lot of facts in this paper, it all pertains to Bohr and his model. His model has taken us to where we are today and showed us how we can look at atoms and electrons. The quantum theory we have today would never have existed without him. Though he may have been wrong in his findings, our progress has shown how much truth there really was to Bohr’s model. And in many ways Bohr’s model is a big impact on chemistry history.
The great physicist, Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, was born on April 23rd, 1858 in the capital city of northern Germany, Kiel to father Johann Julius Wilhelm Planck and mother Emma Patzig. Being the son of his father’s second wife, and 6th child of the family did not hold back Max whatsoever. At the age of nine, when his family moved to Munich, Planck was admitted into Maximillian Gymnasium, a renowned secondary school in Munich, where his love for physics and mathematics blossomed. When he graduated early at the age of 17, he chose to pursue his first love of physics, over music. Despite this decision, he remained an excellent recreational musician, often playing works from his favourite composers such as Schubert and Brahms. He was also an avid outdoorsman who loved hiking, taking walks a...