New Zealand’s involvement in World War I, while short, played an eminent role in the Battle of Gallipoli and in the shaping of New Zealand’s culture. The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps were on the front lines of the Gallipoli Campaign. Although this battle would be won by the Ottoman Empire, many brave men fought and lost their lives for their country and their King. ANZAC Day, which is dedicated to the remembrance of these troops, is celebrated on the 25th of April every year. This day is used to remember the 2,721 New Zealanders and 8,700 Australians that died on that battlefield. New Zealand’s history was simply enriched after the end of The Great War.
New Zealand was first officially discovered by Abel Tasman on December 13th, 1642.
While the first British flag flew on the island on November 15th, 1769, it was not officially colonized until February 6th, 1840. Along with New Zealand, Britain had colonized other countries such as Canada or Australia. Australia and New Zealand’s armies would work side by side during the war. By 1914, the beginning of World War I, New Zealand was referred to as the Dominion of New Zealand instead of the Colony of New Zealand, which had been changed in 1907. As they saw the war coming, the government decided to take a few extra steps.
New Zealand’s Prime Minister, Sir Joseph Ward, saw the war coming fairly early. New Zealand’s economy depended on Britain so when the threat of a world war came about, they took initiative. In 1909, he ordered the construction of the HMS New Zealand which would eventually go on to serve in the Royal Navy. Along with this came the 120,000 troops that New Zealand would recruit and train. Recruiting began fairly early, as British Army Lieutenant-General Robe...
... middle of paper ...
...on
9. “Pre-Armistice Day surrenders.” Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Accessed February 24, 2014. http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/war/armistice-day/pre-armistice-surrenders
10. “Public holidays - New Zealand’s special national holidays.” Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Accessed February 24, 2014. http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/public-holidays/page-5
11. “The end of the campaign - the Gallipoli campaign.” Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Accessed February 24, 2014. http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/war/the-gallipoli-campaign/the-end-of- the-campaign
12. “Waitangi Day.” Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Accessed February 24, 2014. http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/waitangi-day
13. “25 April 1915 - the Gallipoli campaign.” Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Accessed February 24, 2014. http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/war/the-gallipoli-campaign/25-april-1915
"Queen's University Archives - World War I." Queen's University Archives - Home. Web. 23 July 2010.
The ANZAC Legend ANZAC stands for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps. The soldiers in those forces quickly became known as ANZACS, and the pride they soon took in that name endures to this day. The ANZAC legend began with the landing at Gallipoli on April 25 1915, signaling the start of the disastrous Dardanelles campaign on the Turk Peninsula. This campaign saw thousands of ANZAC fatalities before its conclusion in January 1916. Significantly, the ANZAC legend is the result of a devastating loss, rather than a great victory.
In 1914, Australia joined the First World War. Although it was seen as a European war, the Australia government decided that Australia should support its 'Mother Country', Britain. The prime-minister at the time, Joseph Cook, stated Australia's position : "Whatever happens, Australia is a part of the Empire, right to the full. When the Empire is at war, Australia is at war." Many Australians objected to the country's involvement in the war, but the majority of the population agreed with the government's decision. Australia joined the war for many reasons, but two main reasons were :
The Australian Government has made many changes over the years to promote the memory of ANZAC Day. In regards to education, ¬¬¬programs included in schools were put in place whilst society’s view of ANZAC Day has also changed due to an emphasis in the community and wider media . Around 420,
Bollard, R. (2013). In the shadow of Gallipoli the hidden history of Australia in World War I. [EBL]. Retrieved from http://www.eblib.com.au/
It is well recognised that World War 1 was a traumatic experience for the Australian nation. It claimed 60,000 young lives and another 156,000 men were wounded, gassed, or taken prisoner. But when the trauma abated, it became apparent that Australian society had been changed permanently and positively. Some of the gains realised by Australia as a result of her involvement in WWI included a newfound maturity as a nation, the respect and recognition of other nations, new opportunities for trade and industry, a greater recognition of women’s rights and a massive economic and population boost due to post war immigration programs. This web-site has been created to show you some of the benefits of World War One on Australia.
Sister Claire Evelyn Trestrail was the eldest of five being born on the 10th of December, 1877 in Clare, South Australia. Trestrail served in the First World War as a nurse following in her mother’s footsteps who was a trained nurse, Acting Matron of King Edward Hospital in Perth and also had involvement within the Red Cross and the Saint John’s Ambulance Services. Trestrail’s younger siblings also had involvement within the First World War with her two younger brothers; John Henry and Amarald Glen, serving in the royal Flying Corps and respectively, 1 Machine Battalion. Amarald was also presented with a Military Medal for Gallantry at Villaret. Sister Ella also served as a nurse, got married, but tragically returned as an amputee. It was only her youngest sister Amy who did not serve during the war.
The First World War or the Great War began on 1 August 1914 after many months of tension. When Great Britain declared war against Germany on 4 August 1914 Canada was automatically at war, due to its Dominion status . As a Dominion, Canada was expected to support Great Britain by sending troops to fight alongside the Allies. During the first three years of the war, the federal government was dependent on a system of voluntarism to supply its army with troops. ...
In World War 1 (WW1), 1914-1918, Australian troops became involved in order to give support to the "Mother Country". Great Britain only became involved after Germany did not respect the neutrality of Belgium. In the first world war, Australian soldiers participated in some of the bloodiest and most enduring battles known to man, and soon developed a courageous name for themselves. Of the 330 000 Aussie soldiers who took part in WW1, there were 211 500 casualties and over 60 000 deaths, a casualty rate much higher than that of several other participants.
Gallipoli was released in 1981, developed and filmed in the post-Robert Menzies, post-Vietnam War period when Australia sought to reconsider and artistically represent its post-colonial tension. In a reflection of anxiety about Australia’s so-called national identity, the film is deeply rooted in the local mythology of the nation, and “is redolent with the overt rhetoric of nationalism. The film emerges from a historical period of Australian film-making when funding was newly available for films that dealt with explicitly Australian content and themes”. Gallipoli embodies and projects a now...
Morley, Joyce Anne Deane. "War Memories: Plotting the Battle of Britain." Letter. 9 Dec. 2003. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. BBC WW2 People's War. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.
Anzac Day. On the 25th of April, 1915 Australian and New Zealand forces formed part of the allied expedition that set out to capture the Gallipoli Peninsula. Anzac day is a national day of remembrance in Australia and New Zealand that commemorates the Australia New Zealand Army Corps (ANZACs) who served in all wars, battles and conflicts. Anzac day is an important day for many Australians and New Zealanders as it is a day where people take time to appreciate the soldiers who risked or gave their lives to represent and fight for our country in all the wars. Since Anzac day is celebrated so widely, there are many opinions that have developed over time. Some Australians and New Zealanders believe Anzac day shouldn’t be celebrated and others believe
The events of July and early August 1914 are known as the sparks that lit the explosion of World War I. Uneasy tensions that had been boiling beneath the surface of Europe for many years soon erupted and with that several alliances that were formed over the past decades were invoked, so within weeks the major powers were at war; via their colonies, the conflict advanced rapidly. When war officially broke out in 1914, Britain joined in the defense of Belgium and in reaction to Germany's violation of the treaty in which the countries neutrality was to be respected by all other nations. Upon this Britain requested that all dominions of the British Empire, including Canada were to fight on its behalf. Canada’s involvement in the War changed history, deepening our independence, strengthening our right the self govern and opening a gap between the French and English-speaking populations. Canadian's were a great asset in WW1, and it marked the beginning of independent Canadian forces fighting under a Canadian-born commander. On August 5, 1914, the Governor General declared a war between Canada and Germany.
"World War I | Library of Congress." World War I | Library of Congress. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 07 Mar. 2014.
It’s 4:30am on September 1st, 1939 and the German battleship Schleswig-Holstein awaits for the order to open fire on the Polish garrison of the Westerplatte Fort, Danzig in what was to become the first military engagement of World War II. Meanwhile, sixty two German divisions supported by 1,300 fighter planes prepared for the invasion of Poland. Fifteen minutes later the invasion would take place and spark the beginning of World War II. Two days later at 9am Great Britain would send an ultimatum to Germany, demanding that they pull from Poland or go to war with Great Britain. Four hours later the Ultimatum would expire and Great Britain would officially be at war with Germany on September 3rd, 1939. Six hours later France would also declare war on Germany.