“The monster you feed is the monster that grows”. I was told this by my youth pastor at church when I was a little younger than I am now. The ‘monster’ can be anything, not necessarily evil, but can take form of any action that is of importance to a particular person. For example, if I love to play basketball and I play often, eventually, to some degree, I will get better at some aspect of the game. On the contrary, if I love drinking alcohol and I drink often, eventually I will get better at it. As a result, my tolerance for alcohol will go up and most likely my appetite for alcohol will go up as well. This same principle can apply to child development. With proper diet and nutrition a child can be expected to grow into adulthood. However, …show more content…
The absence of either one produces a major paradigm shift. For example, if a child is only reinforced with rewards and gifts then they do not have any real guidance. It can cause them to overlook or ignore their mistakes. On the contrary, if a child is only reinforced with negative behavior it could lead to low self-esteem and/or children acting out. “Children who receive negative attention (reprimand) for noncompliance but do not receive positive attention for compliance may be socialized not to comply because these children learn that noncompliance yields attention.” (Owen, Slep, Heyman 2012 p.365) Everything is good in moderation is a phrase we all should know well; too much of anything can be a bad thing. The method for this concept was made by B.F. Skinner he coined it a “Operant Conditioning”. (Winsor, Murrell, Magun-Jackson pg 34) Skinner believed that negative reinforce was divided into two types of punishment roman numerals one and two. The first type required adding a negative consequence to an undesirable action. They second type recommended subtracting a preferred privilege in the presence of behavior deemed inappropriate (p.35). However, many people argue that spanking is not an acceptable form of punishment; nevertheless, some will still practice it. Regardless of the specific form of punishment, most people will agree that there should be consequences for unacceptable behavior. If we look at today’s society, even adults are subject to punishments and reinforcement. Our prisons and highway patrol offices are example of the price we must pay if we do not follow rules. Why should we not prepare our children for the rules already in place. An artificial environment of constant permissive behavior enables children to believe they do not have to accept the consequences for their objectionable behavior. Generally children are punished in some form or fashion; by nature, punishments are
Positive feedback is all about promoting change in the behavior. I was raised within a household that rely on negative feedback and punishment to promote good behavior. Sometimes I did reward my nephews for positive behaviors but it was not done continuously or in a way that would result in positive behavior change. I come to believe that negative reinforcement was the key to ameliorating bad behaviors until I took notice the positive feedback I was given minimizes the bad attitudes and behaviors of the children. They were getting along well and whenever I praise one the others wanted to get that praise also, I believe that motivate them to behave appropriately. For instance, when one did a good deed I would make all the other clap while saying “well done” or something positive. It was a very long process because children do not change their ways from one day to the next, I couldn’t say I was very patience but see them attempt to better themselves, was what motivate
In second grade I was apart of a wild classroom. Their was a lot of chaos from all the young children. My teacher struggled to get everyone on task and to complete our work. After some time my teacher decided to make up a reward system (positive reinforcement). The children in the classroom were able to earn tickets for doing their homework, being respectful, and many other things. We were able to save these tickets and cash them in on fridays for treats, toys, or even sometimes extra recess. The teacher had a separate system for when we misbehaved. There were 3 colors you could earn everyday. If you weren’t on task, out of your seat, or just being disruptive she would change your color from green to yellow. If it happened again you got a red card and lost your tickets you earned for that day. This is a perfect example of positive punishment. It gave each child an opportunity to earn tickets for good behavior, and a warning system with the cards that possibly would lead to losing your earned tickets. Our teacher was using operant conditioning to produce a change in our
F. Skinner’s behaviour theory states Children learn from their experience. For e.g. if a child gets told-off for tearing pages from a book, he/she does not repeat the same act. In school teachers appreciate good behaviour by praise, smileys or stickers which encourages them to continue behaving well. Teachers give timeout or detentions in case child displays wrong behaviour. For e.g. pushing peers, hitting/kicking other children or throwing classroom equipment at peers, speaking rudely, disrupting the session, etc. Both positive and negative rewards become part of child’s experience and they learn about acceptable social behaviour and develop their own
If a behavior is desirable, consequences called reinforcers are used to encourage the behavior in the future, via the process of reinforcement. Reinforcement can be positive (presenting reinforcing stimulus) or negative (removing a negative stimulus). However, if a behavior is undesired, a negative consequence can be used to discourage the behavior, through the process of either positive or negative punishment. In positive punishment, a negative consequence is presented after the undesired behavior occurs. When negative punishment it used the idea is the same “to discourage future display of undesired behavior,” but instead of presenting a negative stimulus, a desired stimulus is removed following the behavior.
Out of positive reinforcement and punishment only the reinforcement was successful for my behaviour modification. I believe this was the case for a number of reasons but dominantly because the positive punishment had a lack of severity. The reason I came to this conclusion was because I realized in the case of positive reinforcement if I committed the operant response at least once my entire day of hard work would be ruined. When I made the switch to positive punishment I realized in the eventuality I performed the operant response I could just do the 50 push ups and be done with it. Upon comparison of my success and failure I reflected and realized if the punishment was more severe than 50 push ups I would not do it for actual fear and reluctance of doing the positive punishment. For example if the punishment was a 1000 push ups each repeated operant response I would most likely not bite my nails. I did enjoy the modified behaviour as my nails seemed fuller and less scarred but it was not long of an experiment enough so refraining from biting my nails was still a conscious action and took a lot of effort.
Experts have devised a standard pattern of development for a healthy child in ideal conditions. But it is not possible that every child is born fit and gets the deserved conditions. Nature and nurture both equally contribute to the development of a child. Deficiencies in nurturing and/or abnormalities of nature may cause development not to follow the expected pattern. Natural factors are mainly personal, physical, emotional, etc. while nurturing is contributed by family, environment, culture, expectation, exposure, etc.
Negative reinforcement should not be alone because doing so can increase the likelihood of the behavior. Negative reinforcement is not
...orce the good behaviour with rewards and decrease the likelihood of negative behaviour being repeated. The structured discipline of both parents and teachers help the child to appreciate that good behaviour is much more beneficial than bad behaviour but without this structure in one or both of these settings, could lead to the child not understanding, leading to it being much more difficult to correct behaviour that isn't wanted without resorting to drastic measures of physical or psychological punishment that would do more harm than good. Further research into helping the children in these sort of circumstances would be much more beneficial to the topic of child behaviour and punishment.
This essay will discuss whether it is thought that punishment is effective and whether it is currently thought to work, additionally it will examine the best ways to change a child’s behaviour in terms of positive and negative reinforcements. The issue of child punishment has received considerable critical attention within many cultures. Punishment towards children can be argued to be a very controversial area. It is argued that many people have been brought up with distinctive beliefs about punishments toward a child. A child’s upbringing is argued by many researchers to be key to how they will go on to treat their own children in the future. This can surely be argued to be a negative effect of physical punishment. It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of what severe punishment may have on a child. Later convictions of violence and the evidence of damaging effects on well-being, corporal punishment has on children is overwhelming. However, it is not ingrained that corporal punishment is definitely damaging. There is also sufficient evidence to corporal punishment being an effective form of discipline, if used appropriately. It is thought that corporal punishment helps parents retain control over their children’s behaviour. This essay will consider the various forms of punishment, such as physical punishments and whether they are considered to work. This is essay will also consider effective ways of changing a child’s behaviour including the use of classical and operant conditioning and studies that support the theories and how they can be applied to real life. Classical conditioning for example uses learning through association, memory prompts the person to associate an object/ sound to a certain behaviour. ...
Positive reinforcement is a gentle and effective method to implement discipline in the classroom, where students understand the importance of good behaviour, and as an outcome students behave well (S, 2016).
Child growth and development is a process that consists of some building blocks, which are components that combine in an infinite number of ways (Cherry, n.d.). As a result of the variations of building blocks in a child’s development, educators, psychologists, and philosophers have been constantly engaged in the debate of nature versus nurture debate. Many researchers agree that child development is a complex interaction between his/her genetic background (nature) and his/her environment (nurture). In essence, some developmental aspects are strongly affected by biology whereas other aspects are influenced by environmental factors. From the onset of an individu...
A lot of theorists are stuck in the middle of the nature verses nurture. Some believe it’s a biological factor ultimately responsible for human growth. Others believe that children become whatever the environment shapes them to be.
Positive Discipline is a concept that can be extremely misinterpreted and when it is misused it can cause more harm than good. A common form of discipline for children is punishment and it is widely used because it is the believed to be very effective. “However, discipline comes from the Latin word discipulus or disciplini, which means a follower of truth, principle, or a venerated leader” (Nelson, pg. 15). Punishment in itself is not a positive method nor is it a positive form of leadership to follow or exert. (Quote) By eliminating punishment, using the kind but firm technique, and having mutual respect, child abuse can be significantly reduced or even prevented.
The first thing that comes to mind with development through the lifespan is one term , and that term would have to be “growth”. Throughout the course of a child 's life there is not a single facet that does not end up changing and it does not happen just once , change happens over and over and over. Every part of their life changes and so they are repeatedly swung back and forth from here to there. At no time is this more pronounced than during puberty , in comparison to how one was when they were a child they completely change , their cognition 's change , their body changes , even their personality can radically change. It certainly is scary , but the good that ends up being done through this
Whether punishment is effective depends on the criteria applied or the objectives to be achieved. That is, before we can say it is useful we must ask whether we desire an immediate or a lasting effect, and at how high a cost. There is some evidence to suggest that when punishment is administered in the form of aversive stimulation, it acts to suppress behaviour temporarily. When it is withdrawn, the punished behaviour rapidly gains strength. If the punishment is more severe and given consistently, it may act to suppress behaviour for a longer period of time (Skinner, 1953). Historically, the efficacy of punishment has been appreciated only in the pa...