Naxalites influence and dominance have spreads across the country. The number of districts af-fected by Naxalism has leapfrogged from 55 in 2003 to 195 in 2009 resulting in over one-third of Indian territory dominated by Naxalites (as per one estimate over 40,000 sq km in the country is dominated by Naxalites). The Naxalites infested area is also referred as Red Corridor . Following map shows areas under different level of Naxalites Influence.
An analysis of the number of Naxalites related incidents indicates that threat has been gradually growing up in the affected states. Please refer to chart 2 and 3 for Naxalites related incidents from 2004 to 2008 in Naxalites affected states.
The graph above shows the number of Naxalites related incidents from 2004 to 2008 in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra and Orissa. In Andhra Pradesh, where security forces have been successful in beating back Naxalites, the Naxalites related inci-dents have been on the decline from 2006. In other states the situation either remain constant or on the rise. Chhattisgarh is the worst Naxalites affected state in the country, followed by Jharkhand, Bihar, Orissa, Maharashtra and West Bengal.
Urban Penetration
The threat from Naxalites has been gradually growing up in the urban areas. Naxalites are believed to be in the process of establishing bases composed of sleeper cells and frontal organizations, in and around Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune. As per media sources the ninth Unity Congress of CPI (Maoists) held in February 2007 had resolved to take their struggle into urban areas. Similarly documents seized in Chhattisgarh revealed that Naxalites are expanding in urban areas by building frontal organizations...
... middle of paper ...
...y at-tempt to infiltrate any protests or agitations or demonstrations that take place against the govern-ment in urban areas. As per security analyst Naxalites played a significant role in causing distur-bances in places like Nandigram and Singur in West Bengal.
Bank Robbery – Naxalites have also been targeting banks to fund their activities. There have been several incidents of bank robbery in Naxalites infested areas. Please refer to text box below for in-stances of bank robberies in one of the Naxalites infested states of India.
Attacks and Killings – Naxalites are involved in attacks on police forces and killing of police inform-ers, politicians, landowners, and local businessmen. They are also involved in kidnapping for ransom activities. Priority targets for kidnapping are rich landlords, local businessmen, senior police officer, and local politicians.
Ashton, John. "KENEDY, MIFFLIN." 15 June 2010. Handbook of Texas Online. Web. 5 May 2014. .
Martin, John. “The Blast in Centralia No. 5: A mine disaster No One Stopped.” Public Administration: Concepts and Cases. Stillman, Richard Joseph. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2010. 31-44.
Removal of the mountaintops causes environmental impacts from blasting. The blasting has caused rocks to be deposited into valleys on the hillsides, burying almost 2,000 miles of streams which feed the Mississippi River. Slurry, the residue which is used to clean the coal can wash into groundwater and may contain arsenic, lead, manganese, iron, sodium, strontium, and sulfate. A recent research study is beginning to link these environmental impacts to the grave health concerns in the Appalachian communities. During most of the Mountaintop removal mining’s history coal industries have been able to obtain permits easily to operate, but once under the Obama administration Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) those permits now take more time to obtain. The permit process requires all applications to be reviewed before being given out to coal
Introduction The exponential growth of gangs in the Northern Triangle countries (Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras) has led to an epidemic of violence across the region. The two largest and most formidable gangs in the Northern Triangle, the Mara Salvatrucha-13 (MS-13) and the Barrio 18, wage battles against one another to control territory and defend against incursions. In 2011, Honduras led the world in homicides, with 91.6 per 100,000 people; rates were also alarmingly high in El Salvador and Guatemala, at 69.1 and 38.5 per 100,000 people, respectively. In El Salvador, a country with a population of only 6.2 million people, 4,354 were the victims of homicide in 2011 alone, with the Catholic Church estimating that more than 1,300 of these deaths were the direct result of gang violence. To counteract the growth of the gang phenomenon, during the 2000s the Northern Triangle countries favored a mano dura (iron fist) approach to dealing with the increasing belligerence of gangs.
Organizing Insurgency by Paul Staniland, introduces the question, “Do resources like diamonds, drugs, and state sponsors turn insurgent groups into thuggish people or do they help build a more disciplined organization?” The reason this question is asked is because in some cases it suggests that “resource wealth encourages the degeneration of armed groups into greed and criminality” and other evidence shows that “external sponsorship and criminal activity can help leaders build organizations in the face of state repression” (p.142). This question is being presented because with different insurgent groups like the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) and the Hizbul Mujahidden, having very similar interactions with state sponsors, could have very different outcomes determining the fate of the insurgency. In looking at insurgent groups and how they operate, we are able to learn how some groups prosper while other groups fall apart.
By this point they have committed at least 13 murders and several robberies. The majority of the killings were police officers that came way too close. Other times they were abducted and taken for a joyride, then dropped off in the middle of nowhere.
Research for this assignment will be done to see if get tough policies have any effect on organized crime. Will organized crime through lucrative deals prevail? Will also be researched and answered within the context of this paper. By analyzing to see why get tough policies being put in place to stop organized crime, doesn’t work, then how organized crime can be stopped, will be explained and researched within this paper. The author of this paper will implement a point of view on how to stop organized crime, within the context of this paper. Lastly answer what effect does the war on crime against organized, will be researched and explained, if it works or not.
As time progresses and the introduction of Nausicaa 's kingdom, known as the Valley of the Wind, happens the viewer is able to see that her kingdom is a peaceful one. They work the land for their food and are protected by the wind which keeps the worst of the poisons from the Earth away. And even as the poisons cause diseases for the old the people of the Valley of the Wind understand that this is the way it is meant to be, they know that there is no fighting the toxic jungle because when they do the jungle only spreads and kills more people. They understand that in order to live in this world they have to be in harmony with Earth and fire; land and destruction. Then comes the Tolmekians and they walk the path of destruction. They are one of the largest kingdoms in this world and they are very militaristic. They will fight for what they want and what they really want is to burn down the toxic jungle so that it and all the creatures in it will never harm another human again. They believe that war, violence, and power can solve all their issues which makes them just like the humans that had fallen before them and destroyed the
bullied by the men that are supposed to protect them. In "On Civil Disobedience," Gandhi says, "...
The next category of terrorist is a group acting together in order to achieve their political or ideological agenda. These groups of people are often found living in oppressed conditions and are seeking extreme measures to bring about change. Such groups have been found in Georgia and Bosnia fighting over ethnic cleansing of a particular area after the Soviet Union disbanded (Wilkinson). Once a group looks at its neighbors and decides to improve its self-defense in order to...
disease since 2003 alone. There are several factors that contribute to the all out violence between the
Robbery rates have always fluctuated depending on many outside factors. Currently, we are experiencing a trend of decreasing robbery rates. The academics are intrigued and eager to see why this phenomenon is happening. This paper will examine and summarize the current state of academic literature on the relationship between poverty and robbery.
The history of tribal oppression in India is an old one. “The Sanyasi Revolt”, “The Wahabi Movement”, and “The Naxalbari Rebellion”, are evidence of the tribal outcry that appropriately foregrounds their requirement for fundamental rights as citizens of the country. Even after sixty six years of independence, India’s rural poor and tribals are lamenting under the curbing effects of destitution, unemployment, undernourishment, illiteracy and human trafficking. For these people, the notions of liberty, equality and democracy have no meaning at all. Though the country is free from the bondage of foreign rule, their repression and prejudices still continue leaving them dependent on their new masters.
Environmental degradation is nothing but an outcome of the dynamic interplay of socio-economic, institutional and technological activities. Environmental changes can be governed by many factors including economic growth, population growth, urbanization, agricultural intensification, mounting energy use and transportation. In the era of industrial revolution and sustainable development, poverty still resides as a problem at the root of several environmental problems. The basic intertwined liaison between environmental degradation, poverty, and violent conflict has been a prominent theme contained within the literature on sustainable development and conflict resolution since the mid-twentieth century. Although, some analysts have argued that violence has not been limited to the poor and deprived, but many have concluded from various studies that the devastation of the environment, poverty, and conflict are inextricably knotted. As a Journalist in Times of India, Adiga travelled a lot in different places in India and got unveiling realities with his novel. Therefore, he portrays these realities in the novel through the story of Balram’s, who belongs to a poor and low caste shudra, sufferings in this Materialist era and his journey for lightness from his native place Laxmangarh, situated in the darkness of Jharkhand (India), to the materialistic world of Delhi and Bangalore. He admits in the novel, “like all good stories; mine begins far away from Banglore. You see, I am in the light now, but I was born and raised in Darkness.” (p.14) Adiga portrays the real picture of India of light with the colour of bitterness, conflict, cunningness, corruption, murder and massive toxic traffic jams.
Kashmir — a beautiful mountain state with clear rivers, evergreen forests and one of the highest death rates in the world. It is at the center of an age-old dispute between Pakistan and India that has dragged on from the independence of both nations over fifty years ago to the present time, with no resolution in sight. The combined population of the two nation totals over a billion, so no conflict between them is of passing importance, especially when nuclear weapons are involved. Pakistan and India share a common heritage, language, and traditions, yet the subject of Kashmir can push them to the brink of annihilation. Fifty years of animosity have built up as a result. A proxy war still brews in Kashmir, claiming dozens of lives every day, running up a casualty total over time into the hundred thousands. Kashmiris have suffered untold horrors and Kashmir has the notorious reputation of being one of the world’s most dangerous flashpoints.