The Nature vs. Nurture Question
explanatory Essay
567 words
1. The nature vs. nurture question: “How much of any given characteristic, behavior, or pattern of development is determined by genetic influence and how much is the result of the myriad experience that occurs after conception.” I believe that a person cannot develop properly through only one of the influences. Chapter 1 deals with controversies of nature vs. nurture. Chapter 2, Leaning Theory that falls under the nature issues of capacities and limitations and the cognitive theory which falls under the nurture issue of cultural and how it affects behavior. Chapter 3, is Genetic code, which is nature, genetic influences. Chapter 4, Development and Birth is nurture, environment and embryo influence. Chapter 5, is both nature and nurture. Dealing with subjects of motor skills and physical growth. Chapter 6, is cognitive learning, which is nurture. Chapter 7, is Psychosocial dealing with falling under nature.
2. A 4-year-old girl wearing lipstick, high-heels, and a flowery dress at all times.
a. Behaviorism: observation of modeling. The girl sees her mother wearing the same thing so the girl trying to be like her mom or lady like because that’s how women dress. Identity.
b. Psychoanalytic: Initiative, children want to take on adult like activities and roles.
c. Sociocultural: Girls are taught through culture that it is proper for a lady to wear lipstick and high-heels so the girl follows the role.
3. Advantages of Medical Intervention : medication can dull the pain of childbirth. It can also speed up contractions and hurry childbirth. Makes birth safer by lowering stress, which is healthier form the mother. Also linked to lower death rates of mothers.
Disadvantages of Medical Intervention: Takes away the natural aspect of childbirth. Mother or baby could be allergic to the medication. Medication is very costly. Higher death rate in mothers.
4. The book points out that day care infants may behave differently when their mothers are coming and going. Due to the fact they are separated and reunited on a regular bases. Not because of insecure attachment. The book also points out that any attachment is based on the crucial variable of the quality of the caregiver. The environment of the day care was also an issue A well run day care is good for infants. It was pointed out that high quality day cares are beneficial to the development of cognitive and social skills that will help infants grow up healthy. I’m for and against day cares.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that a person cannot develop properly through only one of the influences. chapter 1 deals with controversies of nature vs. nurture.
- Explains that 4-year-old girl wearing lipstick, high-heels, and a flowery dress at all times. behaviorism, psychoanalytic, initiative, children want to take on adult like activities and roles.
- Describes the advantages of medical intervention, such as reducing stress, making birth safer, and lowering mother's death rates.
- Opines that a well-run day care is good for infants. they support them in the way of their social aspect.
- Explains that an ecological approach is the perspective on development that takes into account the various physical and social settings in which development occurs.
Related
- explanatory
- opinion
- analytical
- Benefits Of Midwiferyexplanatory essayThey also discourage the use of pain medication and epidurals; they use a natural approach to managing labor pains like massaging, walking and water immersion. Women usually feel confident to use this approach knowing they have the freedom to change their mind at any point during labor.
In this essay, the author
- Describes how they chose to be a certified nurse midwife after working with five of the most amazing cnms.
- Explains that they can provide primary health care to women for comprehensive gynecologic and maternity care and have the responsibility and accountability for their practice.
- Explains that midwives have ity to write prescriptions for many of the medications and health care products needed in their practice. they can work in hospitals, clinics, home, or birth centers.
- Explains the benefits of midwifery care in the u.s. women receiving care during labor by midwives and/or out of hospital settings had great outcomes and cesarean rates were well below the general population rate.
- Explains that women receiving care from midwives are less likely to have preterm deliveries, or have a miscarriage.
741 wordsRead More - Epidural vs Natural Childbirthexplanatory essayAlong with the many advantages there are some disadvantages with natural childbirth. The main disadvantage is the pain that is associated with natural childbirth. Without any medicine the pain of labor is very intense, and this is what turns most mothers off from this method. However, there are various breathing, and movement methods that are meant to decrease the pain.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the needle is only in place for a second or two and the surrounding area is fully numbed before this process. there are many benefits to getting an epidural.
- Explains the difference between an epidural and a natural birth. both methods have negative and positive aspects.
- Explains that epidurals are a safe and effective way to reduce labor pain, but there are many advantages and disadvantages for natural childbirth.
- Explains that natural childbirth has many advantages, such as the strong feeling of empowerment during labor and a sense of accomplishment afterward. however, there are some disadvantages.
735 wordsRead More - An Aspiring Midwife's View on Hospital Birthsexplanatory essayThese decisions can make the birthing experience more enjoyable and successful with reducing the amount of complications during birth. Over the years, OBGYN’s have chose the safety procedures and techniques for laboring women during the birthing process. Women are frightened into having a caesarian birth or an induced labor verses a natural vaginal birth. While there are, certain incidences that a caesarian birth is needed, such as, when the baby is in a breeched position, fetal distress, cephalopelvic disproportion (a baby’s head is too large or a mother’s pelvis is too small for delivery) and/or uterine ruptures. All of these reasons are horrific medical emergencies where a caesarian birth would be the appropriate choice for the wellbeing of the baby and the mother, but the chances of these happening are in the low 10% of births. However, other times to expedite the birthing process when the cervix has not completely dilated doctors urge for a caesarian birth. Doctor’s first try inducing labor artificially, if inducing does not initiate the cervix to dilate properly before a certain time, doctors will begin an emergency caesarian.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that their growing interests and experiences in nursing led them to endeavor becoming a midwife and women's health nurse practitioner.
- Explains that obgyn's have chosen the safety procedures and techniques for laboring women during the birthing process.
- Explains that women who used doulas who provided holistic birthing services and educating in techniques such as in-home postpartum assistance, pre and postnatal care, proper breathing, perineal massages, and exercises found the experience more enjoyable.
- Opines that hospitals are beginning to collaborate with birthing centers attempting to make hospital births more personal. the mercy health birthing center of muskegon, mi offers a semi-holistic approach.
- Explains that there are limitations to giving birth in a hospital or birthing center, compared to an ‘in-home’ setting, which allows the mother and family complete control.
536 wordsRead More - The Pros And Cons Of Home Birthopinion essayThis time in life may also be very stressful due to the trend for medicalization of birth. The medicalization of birth is the trend we see in society today. There has been an increase in the use of medical technology. The cesarean section is the most common surgery done in the United States, even higher than a hysterectomy and tonsillectomy. Over one forth of birhs in the United States were cesarean sections. There are major complications that could occur with the increase use of this surgery. For example, the mortality rate is four to ten times higher than a vaginal birth. There is also an increase use other artificial medical interventions such as induction of labor and epidurals. It is hard to explain why women are choosing to deviate from traditional births, but it is a growing societal trend.
In this essay, the author
- Defines home birth as giving birth to a baby in your place of residence. home births are attended by certified midwives, family members, doctors, emts, and especially doulas.
- Explains that there is often debate regarding the topic of home birth vs. hospital birth, fueled by common misconceptions due to the medicalization of birth.
- Explains the benefits of natural birthing, stating that women experience strong feelings of empowerment during labor and a sense of accomplishment afterward.
- Explains that the trend for medicalization of birth is a growing societal trend. they explain why women are choosing to deviate from traditional births.
- Explains that there is a social outlook to the increase for the medicalization of birth. women with higher social status and greater access to education often choose c-sections.
- Opines that educating women about their birth options is important and only fair. 99% of american births are performed in a hospital setting.
- Explains that only 1% of births are done at home, and that there are significantly more hospitals, so the percentages of complications are out of a greater proportion of mothers.
- Compares the united states national average for cesarean sections and the home birth rate. home births have significantly less medical interventions.
- Opines that home and natural births are often on the back burner, as the results aren't as abudant as hospital-related ones. maternal satisfaction rates were also high from the outcomes.
- Opines that natural and home births are going to grow tremendously when the word gets around. women's bodies were made to deliver babies so as labor progresses; endorphins were released to soothe the mother.
- Opines that education is the most important way to advocate home and natural birth options. midwives have the ability to build the confidence of the mother and to test her abilities.
- Explains that midwife-assisted births can save a family an incredible amount of money. utilizing midwives by about 75% could save the united states almost $9 billion dollars.
- Opines that the united states should look at other countries like the u.k. and see the successes and increased use of natural, home births.
1696 wordsRead More - Ros Before Hos The Guy Code Analysisanalytical essayHave you ever thought why you choose certain type of cloth, a hairstyle, or even behavior? Do you really believe that it is your own choice and preferences, just because it is looks good on you and it suits your life style? Two different researchers, Michael Kimmel and Deborah Tannen, are trying to demonstrate that in reality, one’s appearance and manners are influenced by family members and peers. While in his work “Bros before Hos: The Guy Code” Kimmel talks about how a man’s actions are shaped by certain stereotyped “man’s” behavior, Tannen, in her passage “You’re Wearing That: Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation” argues that for her actions a woman has to always be prepared to be criticized by her own mother. This two articles—You’re Wearing That?: Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation by Deborah Tanned and He and “Bros Before Hos”: They Guy Code by Michael Kimmel—helped me better understand how society and the environment around us influences our lives.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how two researchers, michael kimmel and deborah tannen, are trying to demonstrate that one's appearance and manners are influenced by family members and peers.
- Opines that parents and other family members have the greatest impact on our choice of appearance. kimmel states that in order to be a "real" man, one has to follow certain rules in his wardrobe.
- Analyzes how homophobia shows that the guy had a certain stereotype in his mind and was afraid that his choice can deprive him masculinity.
- Analyzes how tannen shows that a woman's style is influenced by her mother.
- Compares kennel and tannen's essays, stating that men are trying hard to be consistent with "the guy code" so they could be approved and supported by their peers.
- Analyzes how a man's behavior is dictated by certain unspoken code and every man in modern society tries to follow it.
- Opines that men should be strong, brave, never cry, do everything from start to finish, to succeed in life, but a man may be fragile, weak, prone to depression.
- Analyzes how tannen points out that if a daughter's life-style is different from her mother’s, it will be disapproved by this woman’
901 wordsRead More - Essay On Pushed Birthopinion essay...o find a balance between interventional and non-interventional birth. With this being said, I also understand that there are strict policies and protocols set in place, which I must abide to as a healthcare provider, in any birth setting. Unfortunately, these guidelines can be abused. Christiane Northrup, MD, a well recognized and respected obstetrician-gynecologist has gone as far as to tell her own daughters that they should not give birth in a hospital setting, with the safest place being home (Block, 2007, p. xxiii). Although I am not entirely against hospital births, I am a firm believe that normal, healthy pregnancies should be fully permissible to all midwives. However, high-risk pregnancies and births must remain the responsibility of skilled obstetricians. My heart’s desire is to do what is ultimately in the best interest of the mother, and her unborn child.
In this essay, the author
- Describes jennifer block's book, pushed: the painful truth about childbirth and modern maternity care.
- Explains that a "pushed" birth is one that is unnecessarily induced, and/or managed, with an abundance of unjustifiable intrusions.
- Explains that pushed exposes the truth behind the medical management of birth in the united states, the restrictions and interventions used, and how they ultimately affect the psyche of expectant mothers and families.
- Explains that undesirable interventionspushed begins with the highly controversial issue of induction, titled "arranged birth".
- Explains that american women are aggressively monitored throughout pregnancy, labor and birth. more than half of expectant mothers are artificially induced and two-thirds have their water broken manually to speed up the birth process.
- Explains that the c-section rate in our country is at an all-time high, with nearly 40 percent of women giving birth in this manner.
- Compares the approach to birth in the netherlands, sweden, and denmark. labor and birth are seen as natural. extreme and unnecessary interventions will generally leave couples' burdened with physical and emotional health concerns while caring for their newborns.
- Explains that the constant pressures placed on hospital staff by institutional guidelines are the driving forces behind the majority of interventions.
- Explains that hospital providers are obligated to follow strict "preventative" protocols in an effort to reduce liability. these excessive precautions are the norm in medicine.
- Explains the role of nursing during the childbirth process, which is to care for, encourage, and support women while under their care.
- Opines that women in this country are being denied the right to have a natural and normal birth experience due to strict hospital protocols.
- Explains that doulas are paid out of pocket to provide labor support and ensure that the woman's wishes are met during her most vulnerable time.
- Explains the history and practice of midwifery in america, the challenges faced by midwives, and the concern of practicing without a license.
- Explains that not all 50 states recognize the practice of midwifery as professional and ethical.
- Explains that expectant mothers seeking an out-of-hospital birth are left with no other choice than to seek the help of an unlicensed midwife. free birthing, or unassisted birth, is the process of laboring without the assistance of a birth attendant.
- Analyzes how block interrogates the rights of pregnant women, the right of the unborn fetus, and reproductive rights.
- Concludes with discussions on birthing movements led by organized groups, increased efforts to support women’s reproductive rights, and a push to legalize midwifery in all u.s. states, all while fighting for the right to have midwives legally recognized as primary childbirth care providers.
- Opines that pushed has made a huge impact on how they plan to care for expectant women, and their families.
- Opines that they are a firm believer in finding balance during the birthing process. they also understand that there are strict policies and protocols set in place, which can be abused.
2080 wordsRead More - Epiduralsexplanatory essayWhy should I have a natural birth, “You don’t get a medal for going without drugs, you know.” Why go through the pain when you can get an injection that can take away just enough of the pain that you can still enjoy the labor? “There is no shame in asking for an epidural,” said Dr. Cynthia Wong of Northwestern Memorial Hospital and Northwestern University. In the United States more than 80% of pregnant women are now having c-sections. Epidurals give the mothers a chance to participate in the delivery and actually enjoy it. You can also get a walking epidural so that you can still push during the labor and cope with the pain.
In this essay, the author
- Asks why so many women don't want a natural childbirth and what are the risks of not having one. researchers have done studies on epidurals to determine if they cause an increase in c-sections.
- Explains that epidurals can lower the baby's heart rate and cause headaches, vomiting, and dystocia.
- Opines that natural births don't get a medal for going without drugs. epidurals give mothers the chance to participate in the delivery and actually enjoy it.
- Explains that many doctors discourage getting an epidural before the cervix has dilated to 4 centimeters.
- Narrates how they received an epidural after trying to have a natural birth, but when they induced their labor the pains were too strong.
- Opines that the articles don't give enough information about the causes of a woman's c-section. they just try to persuade you with quotes from other doctors.
697 wordsRead More - Cons Of Adoption Research Paperanalytical essayCons: The pros and cons do not outweigh one another, it seems that there are equivalent arguments and counterarguments for both sides. Some would say that the idea of the treatments “destroys” the traditional family. However, I disagree because a family is a family no matter who is in it. Those same people would argue that medical scientists are “playing God,” they say that a child is a gift from God himself. One statement from a woman on a website asking for people's opinions read, “ It is evil to create a child through artificial means.” Another read “if adoption were cheaper it would be a better alternative than IVF.” The medications may cause bloating, headaches, hot flashes, and nausea. Side effects that are the shots are worse and can
In this essay, the author
- Argues that the pros and cons of the treatments do not outweigh one another, and that there are equivalent arguments and counterarguments for both sides.
255 wordsRead More - Pros And Cons Of C-Sectionexplanatory essayMany women today are doing more C-sections, also known as cesarean, than they are natural. Whether the reasons being because it’s more convenient or that some moms did not really have a choice, the percentage is still growing. “The cesarean delivery rate increased from 26% to 36.5% between 2003 and 2009; 50.0% of the increase was attributable to an increase in primary cesarean delivery (National Partnership for Women & Families, 201.)” There are many things to consider when deciding which is the right or safer choice. With both choices comes risks for the baby like, possible respiratory problems with a C-section. The mom has many risks to worry about for herself as well, like possibly hemorrhaging. There is also the recovery and the long-term effects that a woman has to put into consideration. They both have their pros and cons that should not be taken lightly.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that many women today are doing more c-sections, also known as cesarean, than they are natural. both have their pros and cons that should not be taken lightly.
- Explains that both forms of delivery pose their own risks and complications for the baby, including respiratory complications, and not being able to establish breastfeeding.
- Explains the risks and complications of a c-section, including blood clots, increased bleeding, wound infection, and increased risk during future pregnancies.
- Explains the long-term effects of having a c-section, such as having your organs shift or developing an infection around the incision site.
- Explains that vaginal birth is generally the go-to and main choice for women when delivering their baby. there are certain things that could omit a woman from being able to choose.
627 wordsRead More - History Of The Midwifeexplanatory essayJoseph Lee describes childbirth as a pathologic process that damages both mothers and babies “often and much.” He said that if birth were properly viewed as a destructive pathology rather than as a normal function, “the midwife would be impossible even of mention.” In the first issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DeLee proposed a sequence of interventions designed to save women from the ‘evils natural to labor.” The interventions included routine use of sedatives, ether, episiotomies, and forceps. (Put Citation)
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the term midwives has been around for over 200 years. the first midwife came about in the early sixteen hundreds.
- Explains that women faced childbirth with fear of death and eternal judgement if the baby didn't survive. they viewed problems as a part of nature, where doctors ruled.
- Explains that dr. william shippen was the first to teach formal training for midwives. women were not literate and could not afford school, and the puritan philosophy did not encourage education for women.
- Explains that midwives took care of all the women who couldn't afford a doctor present. as doctors became educated, they saw midwifery as perpetuating uneducated, indecent ways.
- Explains that twilight sleep was introduced into hospitals to help women with the pain of childbirth. the upper-class women initially welcomed it as a symbol of medical process, although its negative effects were later published.
- Describes dr. joseph lee's description of childbirth as a pathologic process that damages both mothers and babies.
- Explains that midwifery began a slow uprising in the u.s., when the frontier nursing service was founded in kentucky in 1925.
- Explains that nurse-midwives attended only home births until the mid-1950s, when obstetric leaders of several inner-city teaching hospitals developed midwifery services to help them deal with the post-war "baby boom."
735 wordsRead More