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Nanotechnology Basics
Nanotechnology is the science of the extremely tiny. According to the US Government’s National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) “nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications.” Nanotechnology is unbelievably miniscule. It is so small that even the most powerful conventional microscopes cannot see it. To put things in perspective, if the world were scaled down so that people averaged 100 nanometers tall, the Moon would be about 8 inches (20.5 cm) across—about the size of a basketball or a soccer ball. The Earth would be roughly 30 inches (76 cm) in diameter, or just small enough to squeak through a doorway.•
So what?
The nanoscale is the scale of atoms and molecules, the fundamental building blocks of the material world. At the nanoscale, scientists can start affecting the properties of materials directly, making them harder or lighter or more durable. In some cases, simply making things smaller changes their properties—a chemical might take on a new color, or start to conduct electricity when re-fashioned at the nanoscale. Nanoscale particles tend to be more chemically reactive than their ordinary-sized counterparts because they have more surface area.
In other cases, nanotechnology is about not only shrinking, but fundamentally changing the internal structure of compounds. Pure carbon, for example, takes two familiar forms: diamond and graphite (pencil lead). But by arranging carbon into precise nanometer-scale structures, a new product can be made that is up to thirty times stronger than steel, yet is one sixth the weight. This form of carbon (called a “nanotube,” or, more accurately, “nanotubes”) is one of the earliest forms of nanotechnology.
This sort of nanotechnology is currently being used for a wide variety of applications, and more than six hundred nanotechnology-enabled consumer products are on the market. Carbon nanotubes are used to make bicycle frames and tennis rackets lighter and stronger. Nano-sized particles of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are used in many sunscreens, to block UV radiation more effectively without making your skin look pasty white. New tupperware features nanoscale silver that are antimicrobial, to prevent food stored in them from going bad. Clothes are treated with nano-engineered coatings that make them stain-proof or static-free. And computer chips using nanoscale components are ubiquitous in consumer electronics, from computers to mp3 players, digital cameras to video game consoles—“Moore’s Law,” which states that processors double in computing power every two years, is now driven by the relentless miniaturization of computer components deep into the nanoscale.
Amandi Hiyare: Before forming my research question, I had a discussion with my research project coordinator “Lisa Pope” who told me that the Flinders nanotechnology research team has been developing microbial catheters. Then on Monday I had an interview with Professor Joe Shapter who told me that your team was leading this project. So I was wondering whether you would be able to provide me with some detailed information about this innovation?
Lovgren, Stefan. Can Art Make Nanotechnology Easier t Understand? 23 December 2003. Web. 3 May 2014. .
“dwarf”. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter and when we speak of nanotechnology we are
Nanotechnology is defined as the science of design, synthesis and characterization of matter at the nanoscale, which mesures one billionth of the meter [1,2] On that scale, structures exhibit novel chemical, physical and biological properties and processes, which enables the creation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), with various characteristics and potential applications. [3] It’s not just that though. Nanotechnology shows the ability to eliminate the gaps among medicine, material engineering and science, computer technology and public policy, creating new clinical and medical approaches to better diagnose, treat and prevent any kind of illness. In fact, it is already moving from simple passive structures
Roberts, A. (2011, March). Nanotechnology: The incredible invisible world, Technology & Engineering Teacher, 70 (6) p10-17
Nanotechnology is the manipulation of structures at nano levels. It uses incredibly small materials, devices, and systems to manipulate matter. These structures are measured in nanometers, or one billionth of a meter, and can be used by themselves or as part of larg...
As a group we have learned that nanobots are so tiny that 5,000 of nanobots can go around a piece of hair, and that it will be the next generation of nanomachines. A progressed nanobots will have the capacity to sense and adjust to environmental stimuli, for example, heat, light, sounds, surface compositions, and chemicals; perform complex figurines; move, convey, and cooperate; conduct subatomic to get together; and, to some degree, repair or even reproduce themselves.
The advancement of material science over the past decade has allowed the scientists to create two structures of carbon namely carbon nanotubes and carbon nanowires. Nanowires are small wires with a diameter as small as 1 nanometre. These are being used to build tiny transistors with higher efficiency for computer chips and other electronic devices. In the last couple of years the carbon nanotubes have somewhat overshadowed the nanowires. A carbon nanotube is a cylinder full of carbon atoms. To put it into simpler words, nanotubes are simply sheet of carbon atoms in hexagonal shape. If this sheet is rolled into a form of a cylinder, you have a carbon nanotube. The properties of this carbon nanotube are based on how the sheet is rolled. Although they are formed from the same graphite sheet, their properties are dependent on the variations in length, thickness, type of helical structure and number of layers.
Nanotechnology, shortened to "nanotech", is the study of the control of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Nano science and nanotechnology are recent, revolutionary development in Science and Engineering that are evolving at a very fast pace.[1,2] It is driven by the desire to fabricate materials with novel and improved properties that is likely to impact virtually all areas of the physical and chemical sciences, biological sciences and health sciences. The word ‘nano’ derives from the Greek word ‘nanos’, which means dwarf or extremely small and mathematically, a nanometer is a billionth of a meter or 10-9 m. Particles whose sizes fall in the size range of 1-100 nm is called a nano particles, whether it is dispersed in gaseous, liquid or solid medium. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures of the size 100 nanometers or smaller, and involves developing materials or devices within that size. Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics, to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, to developing new materials wi...
Nanotechnology is defined as “ a technology executed on the scale of less than 100 nanometers, the goal of which is to control individual atoms and molecules, especially to create computer chips and other microscopic devices” (Webster’s Dictionary, 1999). In the early 1970’s an MIT student by the name of K. Eric Drexler came up with the idea of manufacturing things, both biological and non-biological, from the molecular level up. Drexler noticed the amazing talents of natural biology and wondered if humans could mimic biology on a mechanical level,
“Nanotechnology is science, engineering, and technology conducted at a nanoscale which is about 1 to 100 nanometers,” according to the National Nanotechnology Initiative. A nanometer is a billionth of a meter, there are 25,400,000 nanometers in an inch and a sheet of newspaper is about 100,000 nanometers thick. Putting that into perspective, if a marble were a nanometer, a meter would be the size of the Earth. Nanotechnology can be used throughout all fields of science, including chemistry, biology, physics, materials science and engineering to study and apply extremely small things. Physicist Richard Feynman introduced the concepts of nanoscience and nanotechnology with his talk titled “There’s Plenty of Room at the
The main purpose of green nanotechnology has been to develop clean technologies that would minimize potential human and environmental health risk. Also, to encourage replacement of existing products with the clean technologies that is more environmentally friendly. There are many benefits of using green nanotechnologies as the new solution for energy in both their current availability and their current development. Over the new few decades, the highest growth opportunities will come from application of nanomaterials for making better use of existing resources. Nanotechnologies will help reduce weight of carbon emission in transportation utilizing nanocomposite materials that quickly diffuses across the automotive and aerospace industries. Applications of nanotechnologies will result in a global annual savings of 8000 tons of carbon dioxide, which will rise even further to over millions tons by 2020. But, let’s focus on the positive effects of Green Nanotechnology in Solar.
Design , characterization, production and application of materials devices and systems by controlling shape and size of the nanoscale.
Nanotechnology is science, technology and engineering that is conducted at the nanoscale. The nanoscale is about 1 to 100 nanometres.
The most interesting part of this career is developing nanotechnology. They may cure diseases or slow the aging progress. Most nano-devices are as small as 100 nanometers across so, they are built on the atomic scale. If put into the human body and designed pro...