August 6th and 9th of the year 1945 would change the human race forever. These were the dates on which the United States dropped the first and as of now only atomic bombs on an enemy country during wartime. The orders to start the research of nuclear weapons came from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The Manhattan Project did not start until seven days after Pearl Harbor. The name came from where the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers were assigned to work in the Engineering District of Manhattan (Miscamble 8). The test site where the majority of the testing took place was out in Alamogordo, New Mexico. This site was called the Trinity Test Site and was headed by Nuclear Physicist Robert Oppenheimer (Miscamble 60).
There are two types of atom bombs: fission and fusion. Fusion bombs are also called implosion bombs. Fusion works because it combines two smaller atoms, which releases massive amounts of energy. The downside of fusion is that it is hard to control. Fission works by splitting a large unstable atom with a particle. This particle strikes the nuclei of the atom and causes it to break apart and start a chain reaction. One can control fission by selecting the number of neutrons the atom has (atomicarchive.com).
Dr. Robert Oppenheimer was born in New York City on April 22, 1904. His father was a German textile merchant and his mother was an artist. At an early age, he knew he wanted to be a chemist. He attended Harvard and graduated in 1922. When he was twenty-two, he got his Ph.D. while studding under Max Born at the University of Göttingen. Oppenheimer later became a professor at the University of California at Berkley. When World War II began, he enthusiastically became involved with development of the atomi...
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...but the second bomb drop location was up in the air. The locations for the second bomb were Kokura, Kyoto, and Niigata. The bomb detonated over Nagasaki was a implosion device that was tested in the first nuclear detonation at Alamogordo, New Mexico in 1945. The radiochemical reaserch of the nuclear fallout and fireball formation measurements of the test was used to establish the yield of the Nagasaki bomb as twenty kilotons). The Hiroshima bomb was a gun-type device in which two sub-critical pieces of enriched uranium were propelled together to create the explosion. The Hiroshima bomb was the only one of its design ever detonated. The determination of the yield for the Hiroshima explosion depends on theoretical calculations and measurements of effects of the explosion at Hiroshima. The calculated yield for the Hiroshima device is currently 16 ± 2 kt (Chapter 2).
The purpose of developing this weapon was first and foremost to win the war as quickly as possible. In addition to securing world peace, the United States’ future as a world leader is also at stake. In 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt appointed a committee to research the possibility of using atomic energy for military purposes. By the time the United States entered the war in December 1941, this research was given priority and the project was extended throughout the course of the war. Due to the extremely sensitive nature of the Manhattan Project, only a select few knew of the plan to develop the atomic bomb.
In 1941, The United States began an atomic bomb program called the “Manhattan Project.” The main objective of the “Manhattan Project” was to research and build an atomic bomb before Germany could create and use one against the allied forces during World War II. German scientists had started a similar research program four years before the United States began so the scientists of the “Manhattan Project” felt a sense of urgency throughout their work (Wood “Men … Project”).
The Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project was a research project, that created the United States first nuclear weapon, and led to its creation of the nuclear department during World War II. M.A.U.D. / M.A.U.D. group was created in 1940. Also, M.A.U.D was the secret name given to the group and it came from a phrase in a message from Niel Bohr (Cohen). This group produced a report that said that producing a fission bomb was possible. James Chadwick, a new member of the British M.A.U.D group, later wrote that at that time he realized that a nuclear bomb was able to be built in his lifetime.
By studying these shadows scientists pinpointed the exact detonation point of the bomb. The second atomic bomb was dropped just three days later on Nagasaki, Japan. 1/3 of the city was destroyed and 66,000 people were reported killed or injured. A memorial now marks the spot where the bomb exploded.
Atomic Bomb The use of the atomic bombs on Japan was necessary for the revenge of the Americans. These bombs took years to make due to a problematic equation. The impact of the bombs killed hundreds of thousands of people and the radiation is still killing people today. People today still wonder why the bombs were dropped. If these bombs weren’t dropped on the Japanese the history of the world would have been changed forever. The Atomic bomb took 6 years to develop (1939-1945) for scientists to work on a equation to make the U-235 into a bomb. The most complicated process in this was trying to produce enough uranium to sustain a chain reaction. The bombs used on the cities cost about $2 billion to develop, this also making the U.S. wanting to use them against Japan. “Hiroshima was a major military target and we have spent 2 billion dollars on the greatest scientific gamble in history- and won.” (3) The bomb dropped on Hiroshima weighted 4.5 tons and the bomb used on Nagasaki weighted 10 kilotons. On July 16, 1945, the first ever atomic bomb was tested in the Jamez Mountains in Northern New Mexico, code named “Gadget.” The single weapon ultimately dropped on Hiroshima, nicknamed “Little Boy,” produced the amount of approximately twenty- thousand tons of TNT, which is roughly seven times greater than all of the bombs dropped by all the allies on all of Germany in 1942. The first Japanese City bomb was Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. An American B-29 bomber, named Enola Gay, flown by the pilot Paul W. Tibbets, dropped the “Little Boy” uranium atomic bomb. Three days later a second bomb named ”Fat Boy,” made of plutonium was dropped on the Japanese city of Nagasaki. After being released, it took approximately one minute for Little Boy to reach the point of explosion, which was about 2,000 feet. The impact of the bombs on the cities and people was massive. Black rain containing large amounts of nuclear fallout fell as much as 30km from the original blast site. A mushroom cloud rose to twenty thousand feet in the air, and sixty percent of the city was destroyed. The shock wave and its reverse effect reached speeds close to those of the speed of sound. The wind generated by the bombs destroyed most of the houses and buildings within a 1.
“Little Boy” and “Fat Man”, the world’s first two nuclear bombs were dropped in two major cities in Japan: Hiroshima and Nagasaki on the 6th and 9th of August 1945. This “experiment” by the United States Government completely demolished the two cities, killing over 150,000 people instantly and nearly 50,000 people died from aftermath as well as radiation.
After Truman decided to bomb Japan, they had to plan it out. They first had to decide where to release the bomb. They ended up choosing Hiroshima, Japan and Nagasaki, Japan as their two locations. Hiroshima was a significant military city in the war. It confined two army headquarters and was Japan’s communication center (World War 2 Atomic Bomb 1). Hiroshima was also a huge industrial city and had not been bombed before so it would let Japan see the wrath of the United States (Koeller 1). The planning and actual event of the bombing went great. On August 6, 1945 at 8:15 in the morning the bomb was dropped. The bomb that landed in Hiroshima was called the “Little Boy” (World War 2 Atomic Bomb 2). The bomb ended up killing about 170,000 people. 70,000 people died the first day and 100,000 people died in the next few months due to the radioactivity of the bomb and burns fro...
“My God, what have we done?” were the words that the co-pilot of Enola Gay wrote in his logbook after helping drop two bombs, one in Hiroshima and one in Nagasaki, that killed an estimated two-hundred thousand individuals. The bombings were completely unnecessary. Japan was already defeated because they lacked the necessary materials to continue a world war. The Japanese were prepared to surrender. There was no military necessity to drop the atomic bombs nor is there any factual information stating that the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were dropped to “save the lives of one million American soldiers.” The United States bombed Japan in August of 1945. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were uncalled for and could have been avoided.
The United States’ decision to drop an atomic bomb on Hiroshima required extensive research leading to its production. The main goal of the American side was to damage the enemy’s confidence, while choosing a target with the highest military output in order to conclude the war (Robinson).The group in charge of developing the technology was known as the Manhattan Project, and was kept top-secret. Selection began in the spring of 1945, with assistance from the Commanding General, Army Air Forces, his Headquarters (Robinson).There was a variety of experts working on the project, including mathematicians, theoretical physicists, and specialists trained in weather and blast effects Headquarters (Robinson). In order to monitor all of the results, the city had to be untouched, meaning the target had to have no signs of previous bombings. Based on these requirements, the designation of Hiroshima for the bombing was not a simple determination. After a target was selected and the weapon was developed, testing was set to begin. On July 16, 1945, the first test in Alamogordo, New Mexico, proved that the bomb was prepared for release onto...
On August 6, 1945, the Japanese city of Hiroshima was evaporated by the first atomic bomb. Two days later, the second city, Nagasaki, was vaporized by another atomic explosion. The following month, September 2, 1945, the Japanese Empire surrendered. The man who was responsible for the core mechanics of the weapon was a Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. What most people don’t realize is the anguish of making such a destructive weapon haunted him for the rest of his days.
At 5:30 AM July 16th 1945, the nuclear age had started. The world’s first atomic bomb was detonated. On August 6th 1942 at 8:15 AM, an American B-29 bomber, the Enola Gay, dropped a perfected atomic bomb created by the Americans, over the city of Hiroshima hoping to end the war. Thousands of people died in the two cities in Japan. They were Hiroshima and Nagasaki “the Manhattan Project”. The research and development project that produced these atomic bombs during this time was known as “the Manhattan Project”.
At 11:02 a.m., the second atomic bomb was dropped at Nagasaki (Harder). From a height of 9600 meters, the atomic bomb was dropped and exploded at a height of 503 meters. The power of the atomic bomb was greater than the first atomic bomb. However, the damage was less than Hiroshima because of the geographical features of Nagasaki. 7.
The Manhattan Project was the code name for a science project conducted during World War II by the United States with the partial support of the United Kingdom and Canada. The ultimate goal of the project was the development of the first atomic bomb before Nazi Germany. The scientific research was directed by physicist Julius Robert Oppenheimer while security and military operations were carried out by General Leslie Richard Groves. The project was carried out in many research centers being the most important of them the Manhattan Engineer District located on the site now known as Los Alamos Manhattan Project was the code name for a science project conducted during World National Laboratory. The project brought together a wealth of scientific luminaries as Robert Oppenheimer, Niels Bohr, Enrico Fermi, Ernest Lawrence, etc. . . . Since, after experiments in Germany before the war, it was known that atomic fission was possible and that the Nazis were already working on its own nuclear program, several bright minds met. Many Jewish ex...
In 1939 rumor came to the U.S. that Germans had split the atom. The threat of the Nazis developing a nuclear weapon prompted President Roosevelt to establish The Manhattan Project. Oppenheimer set up a research lab in Los Alamos, New Mexico and brought the best minds in physics to work on the problem of creating a nuclear weapon. Although most the research and development was done in Los Alamos, there were over 30 other research locations throughout the project. After watching the first nuclear bomb test Oppenheimer was quoted as saying simply “It works.”.
When the United States caught word that Germany was close to creating the atomic bomb, J. Robert Oppenheimer and other scientists wanted to create it first, for the U.S. After three years of research, the first small atomic device was exploded on July 16, 1945 in the lab at Los Alamos. Having proved their concept worked, a larger scale bomb was built. Less than a month later, atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan (Rosenberg).