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john stuart mill on liberty freedom of speech
free speech in america essay
free speech in america essay
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Myers and Freedom of Speech
Myers did would not have hurt others in any way whatsoever. Had his actions not been silenced they could have led to the discovery of the true opinions of employees, which could have possibly led to changes in office procedures. Granted, Myers questionnaire could have possibly offended managers in the office, but according to Mill, all controversial speech causes offense and this is not an excuse for censorship. Speech offends people that do not agree with it and if we permit the majority to censor anything and everything that they do not agree with, we run the risk of silencing a possible truth. In Myers case, it is possible that Connick disagreed with both the questionnaire itself, and the results that came from it. Terminating Myers was a way for Connick to censor speech that disagreed with his own beliefs. Furthermore, Myers became an example to other employees, illustrating what could happen to them if they attempted to speak out against the attitudes of company hierarchy.
I agree with Mill's logic because I do not think the government, an employer, or anybody else should have the right to silence people's opinions. Myers' questionnaire, regardless of what it said, was a statement in free speech. Even had he sent out an article denouncing Connick there would still be no excuse for his termination. Freedom of speech includes the right of expression. Look in any newspaper from the past two weeks and you will most surely find some sort of political cartoon making fun of one of the presidential candidates in this year's election. I agree with Mill that the protection of free speech is necessary in order to reveal the true "truth." What I mean is that everyday scientists are coming up with new "proven" theories about this effect or that, all of which are written up as truths in scientific journals. Then, twenty years down the road, a new theory arises and the old "truth" becomes a falsity. The same is the case with Myers. By silencing him, Connick prevents the possibility of improvement within the office. If progress becomes stagnant, office procedures will become outdated and useless.
Or that free speech can be hate speech which is wrong, and shouldn’t be tolerated, since 40% of college students do not believe in free-speech. While they may have a point, we live in the most accepting country in the world, and people shouldn’t be too sensitive. When you start dwindling away at our freedom it is very dangerous because it could be gone before you know it. It also is our fourth amendment right. Without this the civil right’s movement wouldn’t have happened, freedom of press, speech, etc is what led to the world that we have today. A great quote from George Orwell who predicted a anti speech world “If Liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell the people what they do not want to hear”. If you don’t believe in it then you don’t believe in the Constitution, and simple human right. I do have a bias that I displayed in this paper. I am against government interaction that is against free-speech, and against other of our rights. This was my bias in the
Respect for Subjects, as defined by the U.S government, is to “show respect to human subjects, researchers must continue to check the well-being of each subject as the study proceeds. Researchers should remove subjects from the study if it becomes too risky or harmful.” (Emanuel et al. p.7, ¶7-8). The means that the doctors must keep checking on the subjects and must be removed if it was dangerous. Charlie wasn’t removed from the experiment even though it becomes harmful to him. This is why the study violates the principle of Respect for Subjects, as it doesn’t benefit Charlie, making this experiment treacherous. “I have already begun to notice signs of emotional instability and forgetfulness, the first symptoms of the burnout.” (Keyes June 5, ¶8). Charlie is struggling and is getting worse by the day, and Dr. Strauss and Nemur are not taking any action into it. At the same time, these doctors are still keeping Charlie in the experiment even though he is at discomfort. Later on in the passage, Charlie is at distress. “Deterioration progressing. I have become absentminded.” (Keyes June 10, ¶1). Charlie symptoms are getting worse progressively just because he recieved the experiment. He is returning back to his original state. In the story, Fair Subject Selection was clearly not applied to the experiment as is didn’t follow the regulation. The main reason why this
Hubbard disagrees with the idea that science is immune to power and politics. To think that science is neutral one must assume that the scientist is able to remove himself from the test subject and the surroundings and simply observe without affecting the test in any way. In reality this is impossible. The scientist must design the test, perform it, and be prepared to fix it if it does not address the problem he has posed. Because human beings are imperfect, the tests are also imperfect. As a result, the conclusion the scientist reaches is no longer objective, but influenced by the type of results he is expecting.
A similar study that relates to The Milgram Experiment is The Dutch Study. Meeus and Raaijmakers, the inventors, study included an experimenter, the actual participant, and a confederate who was presented as being a job applicant. The participants were told by the experimenter to disturb the applicant as he was taking a test. Also, they were told if the job applicant failed the test he would become unemployed. The experimenter instructed that the participant make fifteen stress remarks to be detrimental to the job applicant 's performance. Now, if participants refused, they were given a series of four prods, similar to those in The Milgram Experiment. A control group was also added, and given the instructions to make negative remarks, but they were not told on how many. The result of The Dutch Study was, 91% of the experimental group made all fifteen remarks. But, none of the control group made it to all fifteen. Like Milgram, the participants did not like what they were doing, and gave much of the responsibility of what happened to the job applicant to the
Watson did not debrief either Albert or his parents about the nature of the study. The study’s purpose was to induce an emotional response of fear into this young child. Watson both physically and mentally harmed the child, possibly leaving Albert emotionally traumatized by the experiment. To add,
It’ unanimous! With those two words, the U.S. Supreme Court declared that ‘fighting words’ were not protected under the constitution and etched out an exception to the First Amendment known as the Fighting Words Doctrine (Clark). The doctrine came out of the 1942 Chaplinsky v New Hampshire. New Hampshire State court found Chaplinsky guilty under its public law that “prohibited another person from expressing offensive, derisive and annoying words and names to anyone else in a public place” (Hudson) commonly referred to as ‘fighting words.’
Imagine a time when one could be fined, imprisoned and even killed for simply speaking one’s mind. Speech is the basic vehicle for communication of beliefs, thoughts and ideas. Without the right to speak one’s mind freely one would be forced to agree with everything society stated. With freedom of speech one’s own ideas can be expressed freely and the follower’s belief will be stronger. The words sound so simple, but without them the world would be a very different place.
I firmly agree with many points that Kinsley brings up in this article. Many times, people with speak strongly on topics in which they are not properly informed. Other people tend to follow these misinformed ideas and then the actually facts are harder to be discovered. This seems to be a huge issue in today’s society. There are so many controversial topics dealing with politics, science, religion and more. It is extremely important that we are properly educated on these topics so we can have a solid base to build our opinions
Stanley Fish states in his essay “The Free-Speech Follies”, “The modern American version of crying wolf is crying First Amendment” (496). The First Amendment is made up of five basic freedoms given to the United States citizens that consist of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom to hold a peaceful protest, freedom of press, and the right to protest. Within the Constitution there are no words that state the rights include for society to speak rudely to, or about, others. The article “Freedom of Speech” explains, “Slander consists of orally making and libel consists of publishing false statements that are damaging to the reputation of another” (1). People are allowed to have their own beliefs and opinions; however, they should not
It is clear that Muzamill had many obstacles in his research, variety of techniques that were employed, confidentially, validity, Hawthorne effect, consent, anonymity, and misplaced scrutiny by officials, and administrative barriers that made it extremely difficult. As a critique, I fundamentally believe Muzamill handled himself exceptionally when faced with all these dilemmas's taking into account of how it affects everyone and making a good balance ethics and truthfulness to support his research.
He believes the scientific advancements from Milgram’s experiment outweigh the temporary emotional harm to the volunteers of Milgram’s experiment. Also Herrnstein points out that Milgram’s experiment was created to show how easily humans are deceived and manipulated even when they do not realize the pain they are causing. We live in a society and culture where disobedience is more popular than obedience; however, he believed the experiment was very important and more experiments should be done like it, to gain more useful information. The experiment simply would not have been successful if they subjects knew what was actually going to happen, Herrnstein claims. He believes the subject had to be manipulated for the experiment to be successful. “A small temporary loss of a few peoples privacy seems a bearable price for a large reduction in
Many scientists disagreed with the Fairness Doctrine because they did not believe that in a fair debate there should be a balance when addressing these issues in the media. The logic for their disagreement centered upon the issue of fact versus opinion. “Tobacco caused cancer: that was a fact, and the industry knew”; nonetheless, media outlets choose to look past the evidence and continued to support those whose aim was to persuade consumers that smoking was not harmful and thus could not cause cancer (p 14). Oreskes and Conway argue that the Fairness Doctrine is effective only when someone is debating an issue that deserves to have equal time like matters of opinion. Further, the authors contend that many issues that remain controversial today have already been resolved, as facts have been established. When one side argues facts and the other side offers opinions as the counter argument, the public interest is not served. Opinion does not override a fact when it comes down to science and hard
However, Bok argues that when the times come to decide what is more important, a mutual respect for each other or free speech, the Supreme Court had made it clear that it stands on the side of free speech (Bok, 67). Bok states that he agrees that those who have decided to behave in an tasteless fashion to be self serving and unthinking of the society as a whole. However, Bok then states that just because an individual disapproves an action that express hate or racism, it doesn't give the individual who disapproves any right to ban that action (Bok, 2). Bok furthers argue that because these rules are made to protect the minorities, it is not fair to those who the rules does not extend its coverage to. (Bok, 2) The most important point made by both Hitchens and Bok was if we were to put a censor in place, who is to decide what or what cant be said? There isn’t anyone in the world who would be qualified to decide for an entire country what is considered hate speech or what is not considered hate speech. The simple reason being no matter who the person is, he or she would always have some sort of bias against someone because of his/her race, religion, work or previous dislike for any individuals. With this bias in place, no one would be able to fully take on the responsibility of being a fair censor.
When graduate assistant, Mike McQueary, tells Penn State football coach Joe Paterno and then also Curley and Schultz, no report was made (Chappell). This is the start of where cognitive dissonance occurs. This case, much like the Milgram experiment, involved a step-by-step exposure. Throughout the span of the scandal, 1977 to 2012, there were small reports that came about here and there. It was first time the case failed to be questioned further, failed to do a more depth investigation, failed to go to trial is where cognitive dissonance occurs. Here the people involved have the attitude of watching out for children and their wellbeing, but their behavior of not questioning or reporting anything went against their attitude. This caused dissonance which can be undone by changing one’s attitude. Perhaps this was saying oh it was just “horseplay” or “not that big of a deal.” This statement starts the cycle of constantly not speaking up because then it would have meant that they were a “bad” since they chose not to report it the first time. Much like the participants in the Milgram experiment, it is easier to go about the routine and just keep on the path than to face the reality of the situation and why they did not do anything the first
Mills believes that the people who “silence” people the most would be the Catholic Church. He thinks they are the most prejudice against people who voice against there believes. He explains, “…that a large portion of the noblest and most valuable moral teaching has been the work, not only of men who did not know, but men who knew and rejected, the Christian faith” (49). Essentially, some of our most important teachings have come from people speaking against the Christian Church. In summary, Mills believes that in order for people and society to progress, we must give them the ability to think for themselves. Mills is persuasive in his first argument because a society that is silenced will never...