Multiple Sclerosis Test
explanatory Essay
564 words
While there are many accepted measures to diagnosing multiple sclerosis, there is no specific test that shows proof of a positive diagnosis. Current diagnosis of definite MS involves both clinical (history and neurological exams) and paraclinical (MRI, Spinal Tap) evidence (Multiple Sclerosis Foundation).
The diagnosis begins with a discussion between the doctor and the patient. A precise medical history is recorded and signs/symptoms are assessed. The results of this diagnosis are highly dependent upon the accuracy of the patients medical history. Following the assessment of their medical history, the physician will then perform a neurological examination. During this examination multiple things are tested corresponding to the physical aspects of their body. Does the patient have delayed reactions/reflexes, any movements of the toes when applying stimulation? For patients who have balance and gait way
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that while there are many accepted measures to diagnosing multiple sclerosis, there is no specific test that shows proof of a positive diagnosis. current diagnosis involves clinical (history and neurological exams) and paraclinical (mri, spinal tap).
- Explains that the diagnosis begins with a discussion between the doctor and the patient.
- Explains that mri scans have revolutionized the diagnosis and surveillance of all patients going through all stages of multiple sclerosis.
- Explains that a spinal tap test is used to test the cerebrospinal fluid, which might be fatal in the confirmation of ms.
For some patients no tests outside of the medical history and neurological examination is required to diagnose. However, most doctors don't entirely rely on those tests to generally diagnose a patient. Going outside the normal protocol, physicians usually look for other tests to provide additional proof. The tests that are generally used is an MRI Scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and or a Spinal Tap.
MRI Scans (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) have completely revolutionized the diagnosis and surveillance of all patients going through all stages of Multiple Sclerosis. The precise images produced by MRI’s allow the physicians to get a clear cut visual of anything abnormal within the deep tissues of the brain. MRI’s are particularly used when detecting central nervous system demyelination.
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- Multiple Sclerosisopinionated essayMultiple Sclerosis Jason Garoutte November 18, 1996 English / Mr. Blunt Multiple sclerosis is one of the most misunderstood diseases of this century. Since it's discovery, there is still no known causes, no proven treatments, and no known cure, yet it affects possibly five hundred thousand people in the United States alone. People need to learn more about this disease so it can be brought to the attention of the nation. Multiple Sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system. It destroys
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- Explains that the number of attacks increases with each attack, and is the most common with forty percent of all attacks.
- Opines that due to the type of disease and the areas it affects, there are a great deal of benefits.
- Narrates how a week after the spinal tap is done, the patient undergoes series of symptoms.
- Opines that there are many more cases in the northern latitudes than in other regions.
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disorder that affects the central nervous system.
- Explains that there is no specific test to prove that you can be born with ms, but there are many tests to see if you do have ms.
- Explains that there's no one test to determine if you have ms, but there are quite a few tests that can determine the symptoms.
- Explains that ms is not a curable disease, but it can be managed with changes to lifestyle and different diets.
- Explains that since it is unknown what causes multiple sclerosis, it can't be determined how to prevent the disease. staying active is a great way to keep your overall health on the uprising.
- Advises that if diagnosed with ms, get involved in a support group and be aware of your treatment options. discuss what diet plan would best fit your condition.
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- Explains the purpose of the symbol digit modalities test (sdmt) to provide a screening tool for detecting patients, children, and adults, who have disease, damage, or dysfunction implicating the cerebral hemispheres.
- Concludes that the bvmtr and sdmt could be used in detecting and monitoring pediatric patients with ms.
- Explains that cognitive impairments are a significant burden for children with ms. smerbeck suggests that the bvmtr and sdmt are effective tools for this purpose.
- Explains that the ethical issues faced in this study are associated with the american psychological association's code of ethics.
- Opines that researchers compile a good cross-section of participants and group ms patients based on demographics and health history. however, there are several limitations to this study.
- Explains that most of the questions they have are for researchers and relate to the length of time since the diagnosis of ms in the individuals who participated in this study.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system.
- Explains that visual-cognitive processing deficits in pediatric multiple sclerosis researchers conducted a study with 43 children diagnosed with ms and 45 healthy participants.
- Explains the american psychological association's ethical principles and psychologists code of conduct: 2010 amendments. hubley, a.m.
- Cites reed, j.c., serafin, yeh, e, weinstock-guttman, b, hoogs, m, and benedict.
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- Describes a spinal tap, also known as lumbar puncture, used by doctors to diagnose multiple sclerosis.
- Explains that ms symptoms can be categorized by the location of the lesion in the brain or spinal cord, while others cannot.
- Explains that 2.3 million people live with the symptoms that are caused by multiple sclerosis. there are tests to show certain signs of ms, as well as to rule out other diseases.
- Explains that there isn't a certain treatment or cure for ms but there are treatments for the many symptoms that are prompted by ms attacks.
644 wordsRead More - Multiple Sclerosisexplanatory essayEvery day physicians are faced with the challenge of delivering the grave diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). MS affects an estimated 400,000 people in the United States. According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). It’s a chronic, incurable and often disabling disease. Onset of the disease is usually between the ages of 20-45, with a clear prevalence to women. However, it has been
In this essay, the author
- Explains that ms affects an estimated 400,000 people in the united states. it's a chronic, incurable and often disabling disease.
- Explains that ms is caused by damage to the protective covering that surrounds nerve cells. inflammation occurs when the bodies own immune cells attack the nervous system.
- Explains that popular science published an article titled "possible link found between bacterium and multiple sclerosis" which was a follow-up research to an october 2013 study in plos one.
- Explains that blood tests to rule out other conditions similar to ms, lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid tests, and mri scan of the brain and spine are important to help diagnose and follow ms.
- Explains that magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is an important diagnostic test to support the diagnosis of ms.
- Explains that people with ms can experience one of four disease courses, each of which might be mild, moderate, or severe. no two people have exactly the same experience of ms.
- Explains that the majority of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis follow an initial relapsing-remitting course characterized by episodes with relatively rapid onset of new neurologic deficits followed by partial or complete recovery.
- Explains that the majority of ms patients follow an initial relapsing-remitting course, while some patients experience a progressive course from onset.
- Explains that patients with relapsing-remitting ms go on to a secondary progressive course.
- Explains that progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis affects a small number of patients. they demonstrate disease progression from the time of onset but also have clear acute relapses later during their disease course.
- Explains that ms can cause changes in vision, coordination, muscular strength, speech and communication, sexual functioning, bowel and bladder control, and cognitive functioning. symptoms vary based on location and severity of each attack.
- Explains that there is no known cure for multiple sclerosis at this time. however, there are treatments that may slow the disease, control it, or reduce the severity of symptoms.
- Explains that ms is a chronic disease that requires management of health, counseling, physical, speech, and occupational therapy. individuals with ms may engage in various forms of therapies.
- Explains that personal and environmental factors mediate the impact of ms on the person’s ability to function.
- Explains that ms can lead to major life changes such as loss of mobility, independence, and interference with work. ms is unpredictable and just anticipating the next exacerbation can be a significant source of stress.
- Explains that social workers and other counseling services help to cope with the disorder and can be a resource for financial, health and general information. the medical model approach to chronic health conditions is directed at addressing the symptoms and psychosocial adjustments.
1161 wordsRead More - Multiple Sclerosisexplanatory essayMultiple sclerosis, also known as MS, is one of humankind’s most mysterious diseases. No one knows the exact cause and there is no exact treatment. Still multiple sclerosis has the ability to affect nearly 3 million people worldwide and at least 500,000 people in the United States (Boroch). This disease tends to be more common in individuals of northern European descent and women are more than twice as likely to develop multiple sclerosis as men. Of those 3 million people, most of them are between
In this essay, the author
- Explains that multiple sclerosis, also known as ms, is one of humankind's most mysterious diseases. no one knows the exact cause and there is no exact treatment.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that involves the different areas of the central nervous system, cns- the brain and spinal cord.
- Explains that there are four types of multiple sclerosis: relapsing-remitting, primary-progressive, secondary-progressively, and progressive-relaxing.
- Opines that multiple sclerosis is a fatal disease and can be contagious. it's important that actual patients read up about it and ignore them.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is called the mystery disease because it mimics many other common diseases and has over 50 symptoms associated with it.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis has many symptoms that relate to many other diseases, so it is important to see a doctor and get diagnosed.
- Explains that there are many treatments for multiple sclerosis, including symptomatic therapy and disease modifying therapy. exercise has helped relieve symptoms like muscle stiffness, fatigue, and limited mobility.
- Explains that stem cell research, bone marrow transplantation, and intravenous immumoglobin are being studied to find a long-term treatment for multiple sclerosis.
1740 wordsRead More - Understanding Multiple Sclerosisexplanatory essayUnderstanding Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis There are several diagnostic tests used to detect Multiple Sclerosis (referred to as MS). An MRI (multilple resonance imaging) can confirm a diagnosis by showing lesions and sites of inflammation in the brain. Although the presence of lesions is common in Multiple Sclerosis sufferers, the absence of lesions is not a sign that the disease is not active. An electroencephalogram (EEG) can isolate changes in brain waves when introduced
In this essay, the author
- Explains the diagnostic tests used to detect multiple sclerosis, such as mri, electroencephalogram, and demyelination.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and is believed to be immune mediated.
- Explains that although no definitive drug cure is available, various drugs are used to subdue symptoms and reduce the frequency of relapses.
- Explains guterman, nehmadi, chistyakov, soustiel, hafner, and feinsod's classification of brain-stem trigeminal evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis, minor head injuries and post-concussion syndrome pathologies by similarity measurements.
- Describes the symptoms of ms, including blurred vision, red-green color distortion, and visual problems in the early stages of the disease.
- Explains that genetic predisposition is involved in ms. the familial clustering of ms cases is explained solely by genetic factors.
- Explains the earliest pathological change in ms is the penetration of lymphocytes from the systemic blood compartment into the cns.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis presents as a single mass lesion. pediatric neurology 20:5; 383-386.
1122 wordsRead More - Multiple Sclerosis Case Studyexplanatory essayThe Life Altering Disease of Multiple Sclerosis Imagine going to the Ophthalmologist for a little bit of blurry vision, and finding out that simple tasks that are often taken for granted would soon become unattainable. Walking, talking, pointing a finger, and even adapting to temperature are what some consider simple. With this devastating disease the possibility of doing those tasks can eventually diminish due to Multiple Sclerosis. Pathophysiology Multiple Sclerosis is a prolonged, chronic disease
In this essay, the author
- Explains the life-altering disease of multiple sclerosis. simple tasks like walking, talking, pointing a finger, and adapting to temperature become unattainable due to this devastating disease.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is a prolonged, chronic disease of the central nervous system. it attacks myelinated axons and oligodendrocytes, and turns into an inflammatory disease.
- Explains that a person with multiple sclerosis inhibits an immune response to attack the myelin sheath, which is like insulation to an extension cord.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease because the immune system cannot tell the difference between good and bad tissues.
- Explains that an autoimmune disease is more likely in people with predisposing genes that increase their chances for disease. multiple sclerosis gets worse because the nerves cannot repair the myelin sheath.
- Explains that each multiple sclerosis victim can present with different symptoms as an initial sign. the first symptoms can range anywhere from muscle spasms, vision loss, balance problems, incontinence, tremors or even depression
- Explains that fatigue, pain, depression, and diminished sex drive are subjective symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
- Explains that objective symptoms include bladder and bowel incontinence, vision loss, tremors, gait problems, headaches and possible seizures.
- Explains that the average age of diagnosis for a patient with multiple sclerosis is anywhere from 20 years to 50 years of age.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis does not have a cure because the damage is irreversible in the nerves. there are many medications used to help slow the process.
- Explains that walking, talking, pointing a finger, and even adapting to temperature are simple tasks with an autoimmune disease like multiple sclerosis.
1605 wordsRead More - Multiple Sclerosisexplanatory essayMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is considered an autoimmune response because the immune system attacks the myelin sheets of CNS. These attacks can take place anywhere in the brain and spinal cord. The results are areas of hardening in the myelin sheets which unable the communication of nerve impulses to their designated locations. As consequences of the malfunction of the myelin sheets the nervous systems slows down in response to stimuli. (Zawada,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune response because the immune system attacks the myelin sheets of cns.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is a disease that has been around for centuries, but there is no known cause or cure for it.
- Explains that most people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis will continue with their normal lives. however, there is a small percent known to suffer severe type of ms which could have fatal consequences.
- Explains that magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is the test of choice with patients experiencing these types of symptoms. the radiologic modality is able to differentiate between old and new lesions.
- Describes how an african-american female diagnosed with ms had a poor prognosis based on her symptoms and the pattern shown. the patient recovered and was sent home with referrals for rehabilitation.
- States that zawada, w. m. (2010). multiple sclerosis. in t. irons-georges, magill's medical guide. pasadena: salem press.
- Explains the different symptoms of ms, including spasticity, double vision, tremor, fatigue, dizziness, vertigo, and urinary and bowel control.
- Explains that steroids are the drug of choice to treat ms because of their ability to reduce inflammation. plasmapherisis is used to extract the plasma from the patients' blood and eliminate the antigens that attack myelin cells.
- Explains that the patient's condition continued to decline incredibly and never improved.
- Explains that a second case of marburg’s variant of multiple sclerosis with vasculitis and extensive demyelination was reported in multiple sclerosis journal.
1938 wordsRead More - A Comparison of Two Nervous System Disordersexplanatory essayIntroduction: Multiple Sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are two well known disorders of the nervous system. Specifically, these diseases attack the myelin, which is a fatty sheath that wraps around the axon of the nerve in order to increase their conduction velocity. In order to create a mental image of what the myelin looks like, take a look at any sort of power cord. The cord itself can represent a nerve found within the human body. The rubber that surrounds the wires helps to insulate the
In this essay, the author
- Explains that multiple sclerosis and guillain-barré syndrome attack the myelin, which is a fatty sheath that wraps around the nerve to increase their conduction velocity. the rubber that surrounds the wires helps to insulate the wiring.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is a degenerative disease that attacks the brain and spinal cord. it affects many individuals, but it is rarely seen in certain backgrounds.
- Explains that multiple sclerosis is a unique disease, but clinicians have been able to identify four patterns that can help determine where in the disease process the patients are.
- Explains that treatment of multiple sclerosis involves the management of the patient's physiological and psychological symptoms.
- Explains the factors that influenced the ms patients to use physical therapy, including income, living situation, demographic of community, gender, marital status, and transportation.
- Describes the medical and psychosocial aspects of multiple sclerosis, including etiology, incidence, and prevalence.
1100 wordsRead More