Mound Builders

1. Mound Builders: were inhabitants of North America who, during a 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious and ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes. These included the Pre-Columbiancultures of the Archaic period; Woodland period (Adena and Hopewell cultures); and Mississippian period; dating from roughly 3500 BCE (the construction of Watson Brake) to the 16th century CE, and living in regions of the Great Lakes, the Ohio River Valley, and the Mississippi River valley and its tributary waters.[1]

2. Enclosure Movement: Enclosure (sometimes inclosure) was the legal process in England during the 18th century of enclosing a number of small landholdings to create one larger farm.[1] Once enclosed, use of the land become restricted to the owner, and it ceased to be common land for communal use.

3. Visible Saints:

• Term used by the Puritans society when they wanted to refer to people that were predestined for the salvation by God.
• To be considered a “visible saint”, the person must have experienced divine grace.
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4. Bacon’s Rebellion:

• It was a conflict within the Virginia elite caused by long simmering social tensions coupled with widespread resentment against the injustices of the Berkeley regime.
• It was led by Nathaniel Bacon, a wealthy and ambitious planter who arrived in Virginia in 1673.
• Property qualifications for voting, a new political style in plantations, taxes reduction, and a more aggressive Indian policy were some effects of the Bacon’s Rebellion.

5. Great Awakening:
• It refers to an American revival of religious fundamentalism, in part a response to the rationalism of the Enlightenment and a desire for greater religious purity, as well as spiritual salvation.
• It was important because the Great Awakening redrew the religious landscape of the colonies, broadening the range of religious alternatives available to