Motivation
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this paper is to analyze whether the needs of the employees, of HRD Department of the company, I used to work for, are relevant with the Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory or not. In order to analyze above purpose, I have concentrated on five employees, after dividing them into four groups by the level of their education, income, and responsibility. Five levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs are : Physiological, safety and security, belonging and love, esteem and the self-actualization need.
RELEVANT RESEARCH
Bernard L Rosenbaum has written in his book, How To Motivate Today's Worker, that, "at the bottom of Maslow's hierarchy are the physiological needs (food, water, etc), followed at the next level by safety or security needs (which includes both physical safety and protection against injury or financial hardships). The higher-order needs are---love and belonging, esteem and self-actualization.(p.6). Richard I. Henderson states in his books, Influencing Employee Behavior At Work, that, lower-order needs must be satisfied before the individual is motivated (driven) to satisfy a higher-order need.(p.4)
Frank Goble, in the words of Abraham Maslow, wrote in his book, The Third Force," It is unusual, not usual," he says, " that an act or a conscious wish have but one motivation.". In other words the whole person is motivated, not just a part of him.(p.36).In the book called The Gold and the Garbage in Management Theories and Prescriptions, James A. Lee states that, Maslow's theory stresses 1) that humans are wanting animals whose motivation will stem from unsatisfied needs, which means that satisfied needs are not motivators; and 2)that these needs are arranged in a hierarchy of importance, which results in shifts in motivation to the next higher level of needs as lower levels are satisfied. The author further adds, that according to this theory of needs hierarchy, for any given person, one class of needs will be more motivating than other. (p.64, p.66).
The blue-collar Employees
The blue-collar employees in the department have the lowest level of education and are mostly from low- income families. These employees carry the burden of large families, which often includes their unemployed/dependent family members such as retired parents, spouse, children and at times even their unemployed brothers or sist...
... middle of paper ...
...s very much applicable and also reliable, however, the best person to know whether Maslow's theory of Hierarchy of Needs is applicable or not is the individual himself or herself. Maslow was one of the first people to be associated with the humanistic, as opposed to a task-based, approach to management. As people have increasingly come to be appreciated as a key resource in successful companies, Maslow’s model has remained a valuable management concept.
Works Cited:
Rosenbaum, B.L.(1982). How to Motivate Today's Workers. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Henderson, R.L.(1982).Influencing Employee Behavior at Work. Georgia: Business Publishing Division, Georgia State University.
Lee, J.A.(1980).The Gold and the Garbage in Management Theories and Prescription. Ohio: Ohio University Press.
Argyris, C.(1964).Integrating the Individual and the Organization. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Hagerty, M.R.(1990).Testing Maslow's Hierarchy of needs: National Quality-of-life across time. Social Indicators Research: Vol.46 (pp.249). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Goble, F.G.(1970). The Third Force. New York: Grossman Publishers.
My understanding of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is that people have five stages that motivate behavior. Level one, two and three I feel are centered around basic needs, which are food, water,
In 1954 an American psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed that all people are motivated to fulfill a hierarchical pyramid of needs. At the bottom of Maslow's pyramid are needs essential to survival, such as the needs for food, water, and sleep. The need for safety follows these physiological needs. According to Maslow, higher-level needs become important to us only after our more basic needs are satisfied. These higher needs include the need for love and 'belongingness', the need for esteem, and the need for self-actualization (In Maslow's theory, a state in which people realize their greatest potential) (All information by means of Encarta Online Encyclopedia).
In theory, the hierarchy works in this order towards an employee; first they seek to fill the physiological need by getting a job to pay for the basic necessity of the human body. Once that is settled, the employee will want his safety needs being solid, he needs to feel safe at work with insurance policies and medical coverage in case of anything untowardly was to happen. After the first two basic needs are taken care of, he will need to feel a sense of belonging to groups in the social need, humans are not meant to be alone and thus the need to mingle and socialize is important. The esteem needs is automatically achieved after he finally gets a good level of communication with his colleagues, which results in him being acknowledge by people, this is usually the need that needs to be reached in order for an employee to be motivated and also to measure job satisfaction. As an employee feels cherished by their company, they build self-confidence which in turn will motivate them in working hard and efficient. Lastly comes self-actualization, where the employees achieves this by finally getting recognition by his superiors and are rewarded for his dedication may it be some form of promotion at work. Maslow’s theory provides the fundamentals of motivation which is required to be fulfilled to maximize job satisfaction; one cannot feel satisfied if any of the five needs is
During his life and in modern days, Maslow’s Hierarchy has been used to enhance leadership in business settings. Many motivational enterprises have taken the Hierarchy of Needs and adapted them to teach leaders how to help their employees achieve a high level of motivation. A company named Ovation Incentives trains that “an employee needs their basic needs such as their salary and work conditions to be fulfilled first before reaching high level needs such as feeling part of something bigger within an organization” (Stead,
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs what is a “theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper ‘A Theory of Human Motivation’ in Psychological Review” (m). This theory explains the general demands of person: Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, and Self-actualization. We only fulfill the needs of the lowest level in order to fulfill the needs of the upper level. Physiological needs are the physical demand for human survival, such as drinking and eating. Safety needs are higher a grade than the physiological needs, which are include the demands of health or family safety. And then, we need friendship and love that are needs of love and belonging. We also need esteem like status, reputation, and personal value. Finally the highest level is the needs of self-actualization, human need to develop their potential in this level. Only people who understand this would not be murdered by “especially for
The lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy needs is defined as basic needs. These are needs are described as, food, rest and shelter. A person cannot move on until this level is met. Managers translate this need in the form of salary. If a manager pays their team enough so they can afford rent, food and clothing than the employees basic needs are met. The next level of Maslow’s pyramid is safety and security. Every manager should create an environment that is physically safe. Managers can do this by taking sexual harassment and threats to other employees seriously. Managers should have policies set to deal with these potential outbreaks. Managers can also encourage safety and security in their team by letting them know their efforts are appreciated. If an employee makes a mistake, managers should encourage this event as a learning experience and help them to correct. When a manager lacks this ability, the employee could start to feel insecure and begin to wonder if they will be fired. Employees need to know that their jobs are secure. If a company starts making lay-offs, people can start fearing that their job is at risk too which means they start to become unmotivated to work and this specific need is no longer
According to “Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory proposes that humans are motivated by multiple needs and those needs in a hierarchical order” (Daft, 2011, p.103, international edition) This hierarchical order starts from the bottom by the physiological needs including work conditions and base salary, next is the safety needs which includes the safe work, fringe benefits and job security. Next the belongingness needs including the desire of being accepted, making friends, being a part of a group or being loved. Next the esteem needs, which includes recognition, ...
The credible version of hierarchy of needs of Maslow (1943, 1954), have five motivational levels that are arranged in a pyramid with depicted levels. The stages are divided in basic needs which include, psychological, love, safety, and esteem. These needs are also primary of deficiency needs. The other needs are growth needs which incorporate self-actualization needs. When basic needs are not met, they are said to motivate people. The strength of the desire of such needs depends with the time in which they are denied. For example, the more a person lacks food, the hungrier that person becomes. Basic needs must be satisfied before a person proceeds to satisfy other needs in the higher levels. When basic needs are satisfied reasonably, the person can now strive at achieving the self-actualization level, which is the highest level.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory that includes a five level pyramid of basic human
Abraham Maslow wrote the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. This theory was based on fulfilling five basic needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. Maslow believed that these needs could create internal pressures that could influence the behavior of a person. (Robbins, p.204)
Maslow needs theory has received wide recognition particularly among practicing managers. Perhaps it could provide some valuable insight in motivation. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs “hypothesized that within every human being there exists a hierarchy of five needs. Maslow separated the five needs into higher and lower orders. Physiological and safety needs were described as lower-order needs and social, esteem, and self-actualization as higher-order needs. As each of these needs becomes substantially satisfied, the next need becomes dominant. So if you want to motivate someone, you need to understand what level of the hierarchy that person is currently on and focus on satisfying the needs at or above that level.” (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.187)
Abraham Maslow did studies of the basic needs of human beings. He put these needs into a hierarchical order. This means that until the need before it has been satisfied, the following need can not be met (Encyclopedia, 2000). For example, if someone is hungry they are not thinking too much about socializing. In the order from lowest to highest the needs are psychological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. The first three are classified as lower order needs and the last two are higher order (Hierarchy, 2000). Without meeting these needs workers are not going to be as productive as they could otherwise. The first three are considered to be essential to all humans at all times. The last two have been argued but are mostly considered to be very important as well.
In 1943, psychologist Abraham Maslow developed a theory of basic human needs: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. His theory suggests that embedded in the very nature of each human being are certain needs that must be attained in order for a person to be whole physically, psychologically, and emotionally. First, there are phys...
Furthermore, there are three theories which explain the different factors in how employees are motivated based on their needs. The first theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, was proved by Abraham Maslow in the years of 1943 and 1954 (McLeod, 2013). Maslow believed that society developed their motivations depending on their needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a theory in which five motivational needs( self-actualization,esteem, belongingness and love, safety, and psychological) are demonstrated in a hierarchy pyramid. The five motivational needs are divided into three categories(basic, psychological, and
Theories of motivation consists two parts. Content and process motivation theories. Content motivation theories focuses mainly on people needs and explains why people have different needs at different times. Content theories of motivation treated as a need or desire, to act for the sake of promoting a certain goal. One most prominent theorist Abraham Maslow (1943) proposed the hierarchy of needs. It states that all the needs of the people can be divided into five categories, aligned incentive effect in descending order: (psychological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization needs). Psychological are the basic needs to survive, e.g. food, clothes, shelter, warmth, sleep, etc. Safety are the needs like security, stability, freedom from fear, etc. Social needs are the feelings of belongingness, acceptance, being part