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Stages of moral development essay
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Today I will be interviewing Baumeister, Gilligan, and Piaget who are some of the most influential psychologists in the field of moral development. I will be interviewing these three so and I have three critical questions in the field of moral development that I would like each to answer. I will then conclude with a brief summary of the similarities and differences between the psychologists I have interviewed. Dr. Roy F. Baumeister received his PhD in social psychology from Princeton in 1978. He has taught social psychology, personality, interdisciplinary psychology, and sexuality. He has taught at several universities including Berkeley, Case Western Reserve University, University of Texas at Austin, the University of Virginia, and the Max-Planck-Institue in Munich, Germany. (Lawrence, 2008) Today I will interview Dr. Roy Baumeister by asking him three specific questions about morality. Roy Baumeister believed that the quest for a meaningful life can be understood in essentially four main needs. Those needs include the following a need for purpose, a need for values, a need for a sense of efficacy, and a need for self worth. (Santrock, 2011) Dr. Baumeister I appreciate you taking the time to do this interview with me today. I will be asking three questions and would like to get your thoughts on the topic of morality. I will start with my first question. How would you define a human being's nature and morality? I appreciate the chance to do this interview. In regard to how I would define a human beings nature and morality let me start off with some basic concepts. There are four needs for meaning that we seek in order to fulfill so that we can view our lives as being meaningful. Those needs include the following a need for... ... middle of paper ... ...not only to ourselves but to humanity as a whole. While most of moral development happens at an earlier stage we still continue to develop. Morality if not learned at an early age has an impact on the person for the rest of their life. (Santrock, 2011) Baumeister, Gilligan, and Piaget have some similarities and differences. All three were able to see the importance of moral development in childhood. However, Piaget focused on the stages that we develop morality. Gilligan was more focused on the differences of morality in females. Baumeister focus was more on the impact of self-control in moral development. It appears that all three focus on the importance of society and our social interaction in relation to how our morality is developed. It is important to keep in mind that our society is believe to have the biggest impact in our social development. (Santrock, 2011)
Our ethics and values are shaped from events and decisions dating back as far as we can remember, and in some cases even further back to times we cannot remember. Our heritage and cultural backgrounds can also play a large part in how our ethics are formed. As a society each individual fits into one of the four ethical profiles, and in many cases more than one of the profiles, what can make an individual extraordinary is the ability to learn from others that don’t share their own ethical beliefs and benefit from that shared knowledge to make themselves a better all-around individual. As the saying goes, no one is perfect, but the pursuit of perfection can be quite an experience for those that accept that challenge. Moral and ethical dilemmas will continue to arise in our lives from this moment until the moment we depart this plane of existence, it is what we do with those moments that set us apart from
Morality starts from the beginning when our species was still living in caves and survival of the fittest was law. Natural selection played a vital role in the development of our species. (Hinde and Rotblat, 30) Evolution has taught us the importance of societal, or familial, groups whether it is to offer protection or emotional comfort. Morality plays a big role in these groups by maintaining a level of homeostasis between its members. This begins from the moment we take our first breath into the world. As infants we rely on our parents to do everything for us. Our mother’s nurture us and our father’s protect us. As we
One of the most persistently asked and perpetually unanswered questions in psychology is the question of morality. What is it, how does it develop, and where does it come from? A basic definition of morality is “beliefs about what is right behavior and what is wrong behavior” (Merriam-Webster). Based on the definition, the question then becomes even more complicated; How do people decide what is right and what is wrong? Research has examined this from many different angles, and two distinct schools of thought have emerged. One centers on the Lockian idea of children as blank slates who must be taught the difference between right and wrong and what it means to be moral, while the other espouses a more Chomskian perspective of a preset system of basic rules and guidelines that needs only to be activated. So what does this mean for humans and humanity? Are we born tabula rasa or are we born with an innate sense of good and evil? For those researching this topic, the question then becomes how to most effectively theorize, experiment and interpret human morality.
This paper will present an over view of Jean Piaget’s life. It will focus on details of his personal life, his contributions to psychology, his historical development, and his present contributions to his career. Jean Piaget’s research in developmental psychology and genetic epistemology answered the question: How does knowledge grow? Piaget’s findings have been and continue to be an inspiration to fields like psychology, sociology, education, epistemology, economics and law.
Kohlberg, Lawrence. "Moral Stages and Moralization: The Cognitive-Developmental Approach." Moral Development and Behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976.
To understand how we are able to become such complex and multifaceted individuals, we must grasp the idea of cognitive development. Cognitive development is defined as “the ability to think and reason” (University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital, 2006). The two main contributors of this topic within psychology, are Piaget and Vygotsky. They are also both the main competitors in terms of contrasting theories, however, do still have many similarities between them. Piaget’s main theories include stages of development; sensorimotor (senses, reflexes and object permanence) preoperational egocentric speech, use of
Piaget said that ‘from around puberty the ways in which many children think change again. They become more adult like, and can rely more on ideas rather than needing to manipulate real objects. By 12 years of age most children can do some mental arithmetic. Teenagers start to think about moral and philosophical issues too’. (G.C. Davenport 1994). However I find this part of the theory difficult to relate to because I don’t feel that at the age of 12 I was thinking morally about many things. For example, as I started high school I didn’t understand that some of the things I said, other people would find offensive because I wasn’t thinking morally and I didn’t understand that other peoples views are not always the same as mine. So much so that at the beginning of high school I said something which offended someone (unintentionally) and subsequently, my head of year arranged a meeting with me where she explained why it wasn’t okay for me to be saying things like it, which was an eye opener for me because I had never recognised that other people think differently before. From this point I was a lot more conscious of what I would say to people. Philosophical issues were another thing that I didn’t tend to think about just because I never really needed to until I got to high school. I had an hour a week in an RE class where we looked at different topics which wasn’t really enough for me to be able to
Kohlberg is a well-known theorist in social development, who built on to Jean Piaget’s theory of moral development. Piaget’s theory was based on two-stages of moral development, however Kohlberg’s theory is based on six stages with in three levels of moral development. Kohlberg wanted to develop his ideas further with the hopes of discovering the ways in which children develop moral reasoning and how it changes as they grow older. People can only pass through these levels in the order given. Each new stage replaces the reasoning of the earlier stage. And not everyone achieves all the
What were concerned with in discussing moral values here, more importantly to distinguish between two sets of moral consideration. First are those that have to do the morality that is relevant to each of us in our private life, how we each
For this assignment, I will be using Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory on moral development to analyze my educational development as a student at Binghamton University. This theory was chosen because of the different moral development stages that occurs. The theory addresses three different stages with two sub-stages in each level. As such, each stage have two deciding factors of how a student’s development changes and evolve as they progress on. By using this theory, I hope to examine my own moral development from my freshman year as an undergraduate student, moving onward towards my final semesters here as a graduate student. In addition to exploring my years at Binghamton University, this reflection will examine whether this theory holds true
Many of our inner standards take the form of judgments as to what is right and what is wrong. They constitute the moral and ethical principles by which we guide our conduct. Lawrence Kohlberg refined, extended, and revised Piaget’s basic theory of the development of moral values. Like Piaget, Kohlberg focused on the moral judgements in children rather than their actions. The manner in which moral judgments develop has been studied extensively by Kohlberg, through the questioning of boys seven years old and up. Kohlberg presented his subjects with a number of hypothetical situations involving moral question like the following. If a man’s wife is dying for lack of an expensive drug that he cannot afford, should he steal the drug? If a patient who is fatally ill and in great pain begs for a mercy killing, should the physician agree? By analyzing the answers and particularly the reasoning by which his subjects reached their answers. Kohlberg determined th...
Jean Piaget was the first psychologist to suggest a theory of moral development .He believed that there was three stages the children go through to make moral development. He indicates that moral development, similar to cognitive development, takes place through-out stages (Piaget, 1932).
...s. Throughout the stages of development Freud argues that the powerful human influence came from the parents. Piaget believed that peers are as important or more important than parents are. They both agree that a young child is affected by his parents’ standards, but he is not simply a passive recipient of those standards. Piaget did seem to build on one of Freud’s ideas in that while Freud was only interested in moral feelings like guilt and shame, Piaget expanded his theory to look at the development of moral judgment.
Many researchers have written about child development, but none are quite as well known as Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg. Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory and Lawrence Kohlberg’s moral development theory have been essential for researchers to gain a better understanding of child development. While these theories are unique in explaining different types of child development, they have many similarities and differences as well.
"A SUMMARY OF LAWRENCE KOHLBERG'S THEORY of Moral Development." A SUMMARY OF LAWRENCE KOHLBERG'S THEORY of Moral Development. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2013.