The rise and spread of modernist art and ideas through the Middle East is congruent with the colonial histories of India. The influences of the West grew tired amongst Indian artists and they returned to Indian tradition and heritage. The rise of modernism gradually came about after experimenting and combining with the old styles and new ideas. The artist, Chughati, demonstrates some of these ideas through his seemingly self-orientalism by leaving his works unsigned and undated. As this is after the lost Mughal period, Chughtai continued to insert his modern subjectivity into the reworking of old techniques. In India, the Bengal school taught Hindu mythology through miniature styles like those of the Mughal. Ravi Varma was an artist during this time that mastered an aesthetic for Indian art through lithographic prints and later skillfully integrating Western oil painting techniques in with Indian subjectivity. His significance lies in his paintings of women as they are portrayed with distinguished femininity and grace. Lady in Her Dressing Room, dated 1873, serves as an example to his mastery in feminine portraits but more significantly the use of Western painting technique to create a sense of modern identity in Eastern art. The graceful pose, calm and understanding gaze of the woman preparing her hair in a dressing room demonstrates his style of painting women in a non-submissive manner. The idea of the influential West and push against colonialism, orientalism is exemplified through these Ravi Varma paintings because he was recognized internationally after winning a prize in the 1873 Vienna Exhibition. Using the recognizable portrait oil painting techniques with Indian subjectivity only then established a sense of modernity tha...
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...n to calligraphy exhibits a blend of cultural styles that transcends and contributes to a national identity. Part of the legacy of Shakir Ali lies in his influence on the Mayo School, now called the National College of Art.
The struggle to develop a modern art for this region is extremely interesting as it is a reflection of the social and political changes of colonialism and nationhood. With this establishment of modern art could not have existed without the strength and resonance of intellectual literary circles and publications of journals and essays. Learning histories like these give me personal hope for progression in art today, the cycle is a guiding light or reassurance.
Works Cited
Varma, Ravi Raja. Lady in Her Dressing Room, Oil painting on canvas, 1873, Kowdiar Palace, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. http://www.cyberkerala.com/rajaravivarma/rrvhtm22.htm
The Los Angeles County Museum of Art, or LACMA as it is commonly known, is among the world’s largest art collections in North America, and to be specific enough the most prevalent artwork in the western United States (Compton 165). This massive art museum has a collection of over 100,000 artworks, which extends from the ancient times to present days (Gilbert and Mills 174). These collections, which are mainly from Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin-America and America itself, are grouped into several departments within the museums buildings, depending on the region, culture, media, and time period. This paper analyzes the different genres of art and explains the main features that make the Islamic artworks distinguish themselves as historic masterpieces, by using stylistic and interpretive analysis methods.
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Luminism (painting)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2014.
Sayre, H. M. (2010). A World of Art: Sixth Edition. In H. M. Sayre, A World of Art: Sixth Edition (pp. 511, 134, 29, 135, 152, 313-314, 132). Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.,.
The first art that interested me was the art of Indonesia which in this exhibit depicted the culture, history and art of Indonesian people. For instance, Bali a small island in the Indonesia valued most of its art based on the rich resources they occupied such as most art was composed of gold, diamond and sapphires which people of Bali believed that it will resemble their higher standards in the society. Art of Bali amazed me the most when it came to their “King’s crown” and “Queen’s crown” which was completely “fashioned in pure gold with diamonds, rubies, and sapphires” (Bali). The king’s crown was much simpler compare to queen’s crown which contained many varied of gold decorative that looked like gold flowers, and all of its designs such as rubies or sapphires were perfectly horizontally lined to each other that sort of depicted as a shiny necklace. The Bali’s art that I observed was very interesting know about the society they lived in those centuries with representation of their upscale society (Bali).
1. Hunter, Sam and Jacobs, John. Modern Art, 3rd Edition. The Vendome Press, New York, 1992.
The history of Art has continuously changed over time, and will continue to do so as long as humanity continues to evolve and time continues to go on. The author of Art History, Marilyn Stokstad, eases the reader into this mindset very early on. She explains that slight changes in the economy, climate, what is expected socially or cultural differences can shift the way Art is viewed and created forever. Early African Art and Gothic Art, both of which Stokstad clearly and concisely summarizes within two enthralling chapters, are both two unique genres, so different from one another that it seems nearly impossible to relate the two at a first glance. The way they structured architecture and artwork are vastly different, and are from incredibly different times yet somehow it is still incredibly to link the two together - whether it be through similar aspects of art or their subtle differences, these two styles are connected in more ways than one.
"Mark Grotjahn - Untitled (Lavender Butterfly Jacaranda over Green) - Contemporary Art." Saatchi Gallery. http://www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk/artists/artpages/mark_grotjahn_lavender.htm (accessed March 25, 2011).
Davis, Bruce. Mannerist paintings: international style in the sixteenth century. Los Angeles, Calif.: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1988
Modernism is defined in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary as "a self-conscious break with the past and a search for new forms of expression." While this explanation does relate what modernism means, the intricacies of the term go much deeper. Modernism began around 1890 and waned around 1922. Virginia Wolf once wrote, "In or about December, 1910, human character changed." (Hurt and Wilkie 1443). D.H. Lawrence wrote a similar statement about 1915: "It was 1915 the old world ended." (Hurt and Wilkie 1444). The importance of the exact dates of the Modernist period are not so relevant as the fact that new ideas were implemented in the era. Ideas that had never before been approached in the world of literature suddenly began emerging in the works of many great authors. Two of the pioneer Modernist writers were Joseph Conrad and T.S. Eliot. The tendencies to question the incontestable beliefs embedded in all thinking and to focus on the inner self dominated. Old viewpoints were tossed aside to make way for the discovery of modern man's personal spirituality. Two works that are considered important forbears in the Modern period are T.S. Eliot's The Wasteland and Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness.
Art can mean many different things to many different people and was one of the earliest ways in which man has expressed him or herself to others, whether it was through cave drawings or hieroglyphics. It does not begin or end with just drawing or painting, items typically considered art, or the many other recognized facets of art including architecture, drama, literature, sculpting, and music. My research is based on Vincent van Gogh art, and two art paintings that I choose to study is The Starry Night, 1889, and the second art is The Sower 1888. Vincent van Gogh’s is known for Impressionism, that occurs to us in these times, much more to affirm close links with tradition, and to represent
The painting are from two different time periods. Abaporu dates from 1928. The name of the artist is Tarsila do Amaral from Brazil. The painting is oil on canvas. Portrait of a Lady dates from 1490 by Domenico Ghirlandaio from Italy. Portrait of a Lady is tempera and oil on panel.
Kleiner, Fred. Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History. International ed edition. Wadsworth, January 2008.
Having realized art as a structured cultural phenomenon, and having emptied its direct and apparent meaning, it is possible to identify all its possible significations. Interestingly enough, I find that art reveals many diametrically opposed significations: expression and oppression, bias and acceptance, individual and society, creativity and confinement, and freedom and convention, among others. Art signifies the de-politicization of our culture, for even the most political of pieces cease to cause a stir among the masses.
I am always fascinated with other people's cultures. The New York or Californian culture always amazes me although these states are in the United States. These areas of the nation seem very different than Texas. I do not have any friends that have recently moved here from another culture so, I set out to my neighborhood Stop N Go. The clerks at this convenience store are all from other countries. One clerk whom I have talked to many times, named Sohail Shah, always spoke of Pakistan. I often listened to his stories of being in the Karachi police force or of Pakistan's different customs. Sohail Shah, a thirty year old male clerk at the Stop N Go located on North Braeswood near Chimney Rock, has been in the United States for four years. He moved here with his wife and two children to "escape punishment". Sohail claims he was in the secret police protecting the president when many governmental changes were made. Many of his co-workers were put in jail for many years for reasons he would not openly discuss. He has to work two jobs because his wife does not work. According to Mr. Shah, she will never work. In Pakistan, women are to stay home and raise children. Currently, Sohail is observing the holy month of fasting called Ramadan. This is observed during the ninth month of the Islamic year and is ordained by the Koran, the Islam holy book. The fasting begins every morning at dawn and ends immediately at sunset.
In the 1960s, E.H. Gombrich stated that, as humans, we have an epistemological need to classify things, particularly in the realm of art. However, the Western-Centric master-narrative of Art History has been exposed as flawed in its exclusion of many regions of the world, as well as its dependence on periodization. Adding to the problematic nature of this approach to the history of visual works, this linear framework of the evolution of art has hit a snag at the end of post-modernism, resulting in the scholarly debate over what comes next. In our globalized society, it has become increasingly difficult to make a distinction between art movements even in terms of location. This has resulted in an essential, yet deceptively complicated question: