In Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson's book, "Mistakes were made, (but not by me)" Travis and Aronson explain why humans feel the need to justify themselves when they make a mistake of fail, and why a phenomena know as "Cognitive dissonance" according to the authors, "The engine of self-justification". In short, "Mistakes were made, (but not by me)" should be read by everyone because Tavris and Aronson prove their argument cogently, they have an effective writing style, and their ideas reflect issues from the wider world. Aronson and Tavris begin the book by explaining that the engine of self-justification is called "cognitive dissonance" and that we all have the impulse to justify our actions and motives. "Cognitive dissonance" is described as "A state of tension that occurs whenever a person holds two cognitions (ideas, attitudes, beliefs) that are physiologically inconsistent" (Aronson and Tavris, 13) " Plenty of things cause us to justify ourselves including memory, clinical judgement, and our blind spots. As it turns out, many of us justify our actions using our memory. When we get out memories wrong, it's not usually because we lying, but because we are self-justifying ourselves. All humans add little details to our stories to make them interesting or even embellish it with lots of dramatic details. We justify a little white lie added to our story and soon may think it was actually part of our story. Memory relieves dissonance by selectively causing us to forget conflicting information about our lives. This system helps us make sense of our place in the world, and becomes even more powerful when it's motivated by the need to keep our self- concept consistent, preserve our self-esteem, and th... ... middle of paper ... ...nd friends to get out of problems caused by self-justification. Therefore, educating people about cognitive dissonance can benefit everyone, teaching us to recognize that we all are flawed. Throughout this book, the authors provided an enjoyable and understandable reading experience for everyone by fully proving their argument, by using different techniques to add style to their writing, and by making the skills of avoiding cognitive dissonance useful to everyone. All of these elements provided the writers with an interesting way to state their argument and to make their position on the topic be known. Their use of outside sources such as facts, statistics, quotes, and anecdotes, gave the book an interesting feel, and made the writing come to life. All of these things prove that "Mistakes were made (but not by me)" should be read by everyone.
John Leo is a columnist and contributing editor that has been writing for U.S. News & World Report since 1988. Prior to that he worked for Time magazine and The New York Times covering topics such as social sciences and popular culture. The thesis of John Leo’s latest U.S. News & World Report article, “Fu Manchu on Naboo,” does not leave the reader any room to guess what his discussion is going to be about. He drives the point home from the beginning of the article. The central idea is very direct and easy to locate. It appears at the end of the first paragraph and simply states “Episode I: The Phantom Menace is packed with awful stereotypes.”
Although it is considered wrong to tell lies, it seems that literature has offered us situations where telling lies isn’t necessarily bad. Of course, lying often has a tragic outcome, but not always for the person or people who told the lie or lies. Oftentimes, these unfortunate outcomes are directed at the person about whom the lie was told. Furthermore, these stories have explained that dishonesty can result in success for both the liar and the target. Maybe we have been teaching the wrong values to our children.
"Give me a good theory over a strategic plan any day of the week," is the opening sentence of Michael Fullan's book “Six Secrets of Change”. The read is a guide for both business and education leaders who desire to make their organizations successful. The six secrets that are illustrated in this book are offered as a theory of action. Individually each secret may appear to be simple, yet Fullen layers them with intricate details that express its value to change. Although some of the secrets may be difficult to understand the author makes a conscience effort to provide real-life examples of these secrets through organizational practices. He discusses organizational attitudes and behaviors and provides example in which execution has been successful and other areas that have not been successful. By using these examples, Fullan provides a blueprint for organizational leaders that can be used to guide their action towards successful long lasting changes. Ultimately this will improve organizational culture and efficiency. Michael Fullan is a well-known, author of works devoted to leader...
Jonathan Franzen is the author of many books such as The Twenty-Seventh City and Strong Motion. He is probably best known for his book, The Corrections. This book mainly explores a variety of themes such as adversity and resilience, family unity and coming of age. The main characters are members of the Lambert family, who live in the Mid-West. Although each character is at a different stage of their lives, all of them are going through hardship. Gary, the eldest son, is the only child with a family of his own. By taking on most of the responsibilities, Gary is having trouble running his own family while experiencing clinical depression. Chip, the middle child, lost his job as a university professor and is working for a criminal warlord in order to make a living. Furthermore, the parents of these children are facing difficult time trying to reunite the family. Enid, the mother, suffers from harassment and distress in an attempt to bring all her children home for one last Christmas. Although the situation seems abnormal, it can actually be seen to be that of a typical family in America. In his novel The Corrections, Jonathan Franzen uses point of view to reveal that everyone can achieve their goals despite of their difficulties.
I have always valued school and enlarging my intelligence; I receive a sense of pride from earning a decent grade on a paper or on a particular assignment. Alfie Kohn wrote an essay titled “From Degrading to De-grading”; in it he suggests a different view on the current education system. Even though students expect marks and even seem dependent on them, grading should spur on a love of studying not deter it. Grades tend to reduce a student’s inclination for stimulating tasks, and lessen students’ interest in erudition.
Lying is simply an act of not telling the truth, and this definition of lying will be used in future sections of this paper. There are three groups of lies t...
A little white lie can turn out to be a massive big lie. In the book of,” The Pretty Little Liars”, after the girl’s secrets have been revealed and the town knew their lies that the girls had told, people around town started adding more and more to their lies. Yes, its true people tend to add more on to people lies it might be for a bad cause but rarely for a good cause. Once the lie has been spread out in full depth with details that are too good to be true there’s no way going back because that’s what the lie leads people to believe, imagine when you tell the truth, great disappointment. So, imagine a friend of yours said that he read an article online of the new upcoming iPhone but it hasn’t been described how it’s going to look yet. So you decide to tell another friend about it and then you add to it and explain how it’s going to have its own stand case and a light up logo, you just started a lie. So now your friend believes the iPhone is going to have what you described, now your friend believes that, now one of his friends comes along and he describes the same thing you said and then adds more details to the phone, the cycle of lies goes on and on. Then it’s time the brand new IPhone comes out and all your friends are confused and disappointed because the iPhone didn’t come out as
Recent breakthroughs in the field of genetics and biotechnology have brought attention to the ethical issues surrounding human enhancement. While these breakthroughs have many positive aspects, such as the treatment and prevention of many debilitating diseases and extending human life expectancy well beyond its current limits, there are profound moral implications associated with the ability to manipulate our own nature. Michael Sandel’s “The Case Against Perfection” examines the ethical and moral issues associated with human enhancement while Nick Bostrom’s paper, “In Defense of Posthuman Dignity” compares the positions that transhumanists and bioconservatists take on the topic of human enhancement. The author’s opinions on the issue of human genetic enhancement stand in contrast to one another even though those opinions are based on very similar topics. The author’s views on human enhancement, the effect enhancement has on human nature, and the importance of dignity are the main issues discussed by Sandel and Bostrom and are the focus of this essay.
Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “For everything you have missed, you have gained something else, and for everything you gain, you lose something else.” In his novel, Great Expectations, Charles Dickens exemplifies Ralph’s belief and conveys that when a person has gone wrong in life, a trauma or pain can help him or her return to a better path. All through the novel, characters such as Pip, Miss Havisham, and Magwitch illustrate this theme through the decisions they made in life and where those decisions took them.
In their essays both Buckley and Ericsson analyze the different ways we use lies to help and hurt our self in our every day lives, and how this effects American culture. Ericsson shows the way lies can , as she puts it, “ lubricate the daily machinery of living”(128). Buckley, on the other hand uses examples of lies as a way to deny himself; and do exactly the opposite of Ericsson. But they both show how we as Americans use lies these ways and others so much that most of us may not realize it.
In Christy Wampole’s “How to Live Without Irony” and Richard Taylor’s “The Meaning of Human Existence” both authors argue how humans ought to live a meaningful life. Wampole tackles the argument in a different way than Taylor but they both have similar positions on the meaning. I agree with both authors in some of the ways that we should dictate our lives to justify meaningfulness but I also believe that meaningfulness can differ from person to person. Life is very precious to us; since humans have had the ability to consciously think, we have always questioning our existence. No other animal on the planet has had the luxury of pondering whether or not their life is meaningful.
Everyone realizes that the people around them are not perfect and that sometimes people need to forgive and forget to move on with life. In some cases forgiving and getting are an option, but in others it may not. Depending on the circumstances what a person says now may be the last thing someone hears in their life because no one is promised tomorrow. Mistakes happen but people need to be careful with what they do. Life changes everyday and people wish they had one more chance to fix things that went wrong but sometimes you cannot go back in time.
The message Linda Pastan portrays in the poem Ethics is the idea that one can only fully grasp ethics and morals once they mature and have developed experiences in their life. Ethics and morals can only be present once one has gained experienced and developed maturity. The author uses imagery, diction and figures of speech to prove this point. In this poem, a teacher asks her students, if there was a fire and they only had the choice to save a Rembrandt painting or an old woman, which would they save?
Stories are our essence of life. They grow and change with us. They allow us to reconstruct the pas, and put our slant on things. They don’t’ have make sense, and they don’t all have to be fact. That’s what kind of story this is.
This paper aims to investigate some aspects of postcolonialism, feminism, as well as symbolism, allegories and metaphors. For this purpose I have chosen the novel Disgrace (1999) by J.M Coetzee. The story takes place in Cape Town, in post-apartheid South Africa. David Lurie is a white man and works as a professor of English at a technical university. He is a ‘communication’ lecturer and he teaches ‘romantic literature’ too. Lurie is divorced two times already and one gets the impression that he is not really satisfied with his job. His "disgrace" comes when he makes attempts to seduce Melanie Isaacs, one of his students, against her will. This affair is then remitted to the school authorities and a special committee is convoked to judge his actions.