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Core philosophy of Confucianism and influence on China
Confucianism and its influence upon Chinese society
Confucianism and its influence upon Chinese society
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Tradition was a disputed subject between different dynasties. As the ruler of China from thirteenth to fourteenth century, the Mongols refused to establish Chinese political and cultural traditions in society because it was not necessary. However, the Ming emperor argued that promoting traditions benefits China. Similarly, the Qing emperor agreed with his point of view. For centuries, the restoration of civil service examinations led the Ming and Qing dynasties to often practiced Confucianism and gender relations because respecting Chinese traditions is the best way to maintain stability in China. Adopting traditional ways in China has strengthened the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to Bentley et al. “Day-to-day governance of the empire …show more content…
According to Bentley et al. “scholar-bureaucrats and gentry received favorable legal treatment and enjoyed immunity from corporal punishment as well as exemption from labor service and taxes” (460). This clearly shows that society expects peasants to be the wealthiest that helps stabilize Japan instead of the working class. However, this may not be the case. Though scholar-bureaucrats have a lot of benefits economically and politically from the government, they are no match for merchants. In the social class merchants are considered the poorest, but studies show that they are “individuals of enormous wealth and influenced [despite the fact that they are] ranked at the bottom of the Confucian social hierarchy” (461). These people has shown their ability to be equivalent to the privileged classes. In Japan, the ruling elites: daimyo and samurai warriors were recognized as the most privileged people in society, whereas rice dealers, pawnbrokers and sake merchants were listed as the least privileged. Despite the fact that the upper classes has a lot of advantages, they spent money recklessly which caused them to have financial problems and ultimately resulted in poverty. However, the Tokugawa era was able to bring Japan back to
Each dynasty had plenty of unique aspects they created. Although many are more well-known than others, not all of them were considered the most effective or beneficial, so not all aspects were continuities. Although many of the changed systems worked at the time, they were not compatible at the time, hence why they had to be altered or defected from. Even though it may not be as apparent as the use of the continued aspects, the abandoned aspects had their uses too. Obviously, the continued features are important because they were used throughout later time periods of China, and some ideas even spread outside of the civilization. However, the less superficial and less easily-recognized importance of the changed features is that they teach why or why not something works. Failure teaches more than any success can, so that is why the trial-and-error of cast-aside ideas is so important. Between the dynasties of the Zhou, the Qin, and the Han, there have been many continuities and changes that have developed across the timeline of
In the Dynastic cycle, the Qin and Qing Dynasties of ancient China showed similar periods of Prosperity. These both dynasties succeed for a while, like they both had very strong armies which meant very good protection over China. Another similarity they had was following the ideas of confucianism the ideas from there were like order, respect, and leading by example. Built useful things such as repairing canals. These dynasties, Qin and Qing didn’t have everything in common they also had some differences like for instance Qin built the Great wall of China which protected them from other armies that tried to defeat them and to this very day the Great Wall of China still lives. He also added rice to the diet and he started to practice legalism
The Failure of the Qing Dynasty Although some short term successes were achieved for China when dealing with western demands of diplomatic relations and free trade, in the sense that it retained their pride in their tributary systems, such responses were in flawed in the long term. Focusing on the time period 1793-1839, this essay will investigate what were the western attempts and demands in diplomatic relations and free trade. It will also investigate what was the reason to the failure of the Qing dynasty to respond effectively to western demands of diplomatic relations and free trade. The two aspects will be explored respectively.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasty, under the circumstance of which the absolute monarchy reached its peak progressively, two trends of thoughts appeared in China:
How would history be impacted if there were no connection between internal and external factors in a Golden Age? The Tang & Song dynasties lasted a long time but they all experienced problem from time to time, overall they managed well to maintain unity that can be considered a Golden Age. When having a Golden Age the civilization has to be at its best point where everything is in successful. The internal and external factors that helped promote a Golden Age in the Tang and Song dynasties were cultural diffusion, social structures, and innovations.
China was under the Ming dynasty from 1368-1644. During this time China underwent many changes. The emperor, Hongwu rid the empire of every aspect of the barbarian Mongols. Then as described in Document One, the Chinese sent officers to all foreign kingdoms with a Manifesto to declare their intention that they wanted to maintain peace within the four seas. The emperor was poorly educated, however, he realized the importance of education to revive the Chinese civilization.
The success for both Imperial Rome and Han China is directly related to powerful leadership and a strong military presence. The Republic of Rome was characterized by aristocratic rule in the Roman state, and Imperial Rome could also be considered a military dictatorship.1 The Senate was a group that prioritized the votes of the most privileged individuals and nobility of Imperial Roman society – wealthy males.2 With a dominating leadership there was also a strong military presence, which contributed greatly to the expansion of Rome across Italy and the Mediterranean.3 The structure of the Roman state encouraged war, and the leaders and military forces were greedy and acted aggressively for a larger empire.4 The amount of expansion started slowly and then gained momentum, and was primarily achieved through the use of military forces.
Most often, all in life eventually comes to an end, which additionally brings the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire to mind, who have also collapsed and came to an end. The Han Dynasty was one of China’s largest dynasties, while the Roman Empire was the most expansive political and social structure in their civilization. Both Roman Empire and Han Dynasty have fallen but several pundits believe that the United States may be in the same crisis like the others who have went through a state of decline.
The Han dynasty was un able to use taxes wisely which led to a huge economic decline. This statement from the article “Han Dynasty” explains this well, “The Han, like all Chinese dynasties, drew the major portion of its revenue from taxes on agricultural production. Failure to preserve this tax base was a clear sign of dynastic decline” this goes to show that the political leadership did not take care of the people’s taxes which led to an economic decline for the dynasty.
Meaning you were classified by what job you did, or if you were born into a wealthy family and were automatically put into that class. Japan was very militant in the Medieval Era. They had an Emperor, however the Shogun (militant leader) was the one who was in charge. Compared to Europe, if you did something wrong, or proved unloyal you wouldn’t go pray to god to forgive you of your sins, you would have to face the Shogun or Daimyo. This suggests that Japan didn’t tolerate anybody speaking out or doing something wrong. Meaning, that everyone was in check and doing everything right. Leading up to a good functional
The Ming and Safavid Dynasties had great similarity in the way they viewed the female role in their dynasties however the disparities in social class systems, economic policies and political matters such government and war policies were evidently stronger.
... those who were born into wealth and this secured the well being of the future generations of rulers. The main source of power for all of the groups was strong ancestral lineage. Education also played a major role in each group because those who could read and write well passed the civil service exams. This secured the gentry’s local status, and the samurai had to be well educated in order to act as political administrators and military warriors. Lower class rebellions plagued the rule of each elite group and were controlled and diminished. The main difference between these groups was the military status of the samurai. The gentry and yangban acted purely as government officials while the samurai possessed duties to the military as well. Overall, the main criteria met by all of the elite groups were prominent ancestral lineage and exorbitant amounts of money.
The Yuan dynasty introduced the extreme case of hybridization between the Chinese and Inner Asian social order as the Mongols replaced the Song dynasty. This period saw the transfer of Chinese Confucian literature into Mongolian. This period experienced migrations such as the Turks migrating into China and even taking control of the throne. The Tang dynasty may have reopened the Silk Road, but the Yuan dynasty continued to maintain the Silk Road and encourage trade until the isolationist Ming dynasty replaced the Yuan
there are three mythical beings called the Three Pure Ones. These beings were worshiped as
The Ming Dynasty had created an empire. They had the government, the military, and the economic system to prove it. At different points in time, The Chinese Empire was the greatest in the world, for trade, military, and other key factors in a society.