Furniture includes objects like tables, chairs, beds, cupboards etc. It helps facilitate day to day activities like eating, sleeping, writing etc.
Furniture can be made of different materials like wood, plastic, stone and metal. The materials and designs used for furniture have been changing throughout history.
Prehistoric & Middle Ages Furniture
When nomadic life stopped and people started settling down in permanent homes, they felt the need for furniture. The earliest known furniture is known to be from a stone-age village in Sara Brae in the Orkney Islands in Scotland in 2,000 BC. The made stone furniture like beds and cupboards.
Rich people in ancient Egypt lived in large and comfortable houses. Inside, they had wooden furniture like tables, chairs and chests for storage etc. They used wooden head rests instead of pillows. While this flamboyance existed, peasants lived in homes made of mud - the concept of furniture for them,
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Furniture here included wall paintings called murals. The furniture was usually finely carved and beautiful to look at. They were also one of the first to use oil lamps for lighting. Here too, peasants used extremely basic furniture.
Furniture till Present
In the 16th century, life became even more comfortable for the wealthy. There was a wider variety of choices than in the middle ages, and not as basic. Oak furniture was extensively used in wealthy homes, which made the furniture bulky.
Glass windows became common, although the poor still used strips of linen soaked in linseed oil.
In the late 17th century walnut or mahogany replaced oak. Decoration too was done in different and newer ways. One was veneering. (Thin pieces of expensive wood were laid over cheaper wood). Some furniture was also inlaid with the mother of pearl to add value.
In the 18th century, furniture was mass produced for the first time. It was cheaper, but unfortunately this led to fall in quality and design
Queen Anne architecture can not be defined easily. It's architectural style has many different characteristics. In this paper, I will show how the Queen Anne style evolved from the architecture that was common during the reign of Queen Anne herself and also show how it evolved in America in the late 1800's during the Industrial Revolution. I will then show how the Queen Anne style is incorporated into today's architectural design.
Many different classes of people existed in the Middle Ages. Each class had a certain and very different way of life than the other. Peasants in the Middle Ages had extremely difficult lives. Domestic life for the peasants during the Middle Ages was endured with many hardships and sacrifices, but in the end they were just everyday citizens doing what they had to in order to survive.
Interior Decorators such as Elsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper helped to pave the way for the Interior Design profession today. Their influential decisions to stray away from the Victorian style of design helped guide both the interior decorating profession, as well as architects who no longer wanted to design in the bulky and cluttered Victorian Style. Elsie de Wolfe designed during the Victorian movement, however “had adopted the 1890’s preference for Neoclassicism” (Smith, 22). Unlike the cluttered and dark interiors of an average Victorian interior, her interiors were, “in the words of one visitor, ‘[models] of simplicity’” (Smith, 20).
The most important aesthetic and philosophical style was developed in the eighteenth century, yet this style did not reach its apex until the nineteenth. With Christian elements and strong moral the movement appealed to the newly wealthy middle classes. The notable increase in prosperity that accompanied the Industrial Revolution was largely based on the accumulative benefits of inexpensive imports for the colonies. This new found affluence and status for the middle-class, has naturally revealed in the types of homes they lived in and the style in which they decorated and ornamented them. Unsure how to begin this new style of living, they chose architecture and furnishings that had previously been only for the aristocracy and the upper class. The critics of high Victorian style, known as the Aesthetic Movement, objected not only to the style and quality of machine-made furnishings but also to the manner in which they were used in the home. The typical middle-class drawing room was crammed full of furniture, fabrics were used in abundance and every available surface was overflowing with knickknacks. Such displays were a means of showing off their new-found cultural interests, prosperity and status. They were also in accord with the fashionable notion that bareness in a room was in poor taste. Victorian Gothic style was zenithed in the mid-nineteenth century by those who yearned to return to the complexity of the skilled craftsmanship and design that prevailed in the Middle Ages.
A lot of the furniture was made out of native black walnut, yellow pine, white oak,
Swarbrick, John. Robert Adam & his brothers : their lives, work & influence on English architecture decoration and furniture. London : B.T. Batsford ; New York : C. Scribner 1915.
You cannot use simple coloring pencils or lightweight paint, one method in its history is the art of stained glass. (History of Stained Glass (Stained Glass Association of ..., n.d.) talks about how stained glass gives an accurate feel of attitude for people who is passionate towards the art of stained glass. Stained glass speaks in volumes without sound in chapels to give off a holy yet delicate feeling. It’s been said that there were times of stained glass art that was imperfectly documented back in the 1900s, up to 60 stained glass businesses were listed before the time. None exist and some is known little about them (History of Stained Glass (Stained Glass Association of ..., n.d.). Even though some documents are lost in time, the history of stained glass still found its way in interior design. It’s all started with one simple mistake. (History of Stained Glass (Stained Glass Association of ..., n.d.) Many histories of the stained-glass method were told first through Pliny’s tale. It was an accidental discovery of glass by Phoenician sailors (History of Stained Glass (Stained Glass Association of ..., n.d.) . the legend clams that there was shipwrecked sailors who set their cooking pots on blocks of natron. (natron is a salt mineral you would find in dried up lakes). The sailors use this material from there cargo and stated up fire under it. The sailor slept and overnight the fire’s heat had melted the sand and soda mixture. When morning came the mass of resultant cooled and turned into glass. (History of Stained Glass (Stained Glass Association of ..., n.d.). Glass that was discovered and use goes back to even Egyptian periods where glassed beads between 2750 and 2625 B.C. Glass beads then was made off a winding string of molten glass around a clay core that was removable. Colors such as moss green, greenish white, or tobacco yellow gives off a bright sensation with
One of the oldest forms of woodworking is called veneering. Veneer is a thin surface layer of fine wood, glued to a base of less attractive or inexpensive material. Veneer is used when decorating furniture, floors, walls and even paintings or pictures. This can be broken down into two different categories; these are parquetry and marquetry.
The furniture represents the Birling families longing for status. In the early 1900s social status was virtually everything. This was because socialism dominated the whole of the United Kingdom. The vertical social ladder of status was what controlled who was a "somebody" and who was a "nobody".
it has nice furniture and antiques so that it appears to be comfortable and old
According to the Middle Class Victorians, less was definitely not more. In fact, in the case of the Victorians, the more ostentatious and packed a house was, the higher the status of that family. A house in the Victorian Era would most likely be cluttered until nothing else could fit. Not only was there clutter, but the rooms were "quite dark with busily patterned wallpaper (Victorian Home Life Changes)" and lots of gold garnishments.
At the end of the middle ages, dresses were shortened and became easier to wear on a daily basis. On the other hand, the sleeves of dresses became longer to make up for the shortening of dresses. Women began wearing their hair up in large rolls with bonnets and
As elements of interior design develop, “Interior Designipedia is solution orientated for each of your design projects and in constantly changing” (Yule 1). “Of all the component elements that together form a completed interior, the single most important element is space” (Britannica School High 3). Many parts of design make a big impact on how they make the room feel. “Interior design styles are essentially about building an environment to seduce the emotions” (Yule 1). For example the “Textures can evoke feeling of elegance such as silk or informality such as rough, tweedy materials” (Britannica School High 6). Sculptures are very traditional pieces that add a great element to rooms (6). Another design element is lighting, which is one of the most important parts of design (Yule 3). As stated before, “light, both natural and artificial, is one of the most important design elements” (Britannica School High 4). Many of the interior designs used in the United S...
Encyclopedia Britannica describes the table as, “basic article of furniture, known and used in the Western world since at least the 7th century, consisting of a flat slab of stone, metal, wood, or glass supported by trestles, legs, or a pillar.” (table). Tables have been around for thousands of years, no one knows how long exactly. It is not clear as to when the first table was invented; maybe a primitive type ta...
According to this situation, we found out the various essential elements of “Your Choice Furniture”.