Microskills II
Reframing, Eye Contact, and Nonverbal Communication
Reframing takes skill for a counselor to use, listening to the client’s story then either drawing from personal experiences or provide a theoretical perspective to provide the client a new way of thinking about his or her issues (Ivey, Ivey, & Zalaquett, 2012). Eye contact shows the counselor is interested in what the client has to say, but continuous eye contact may create uneasiness with a client. An example would be concerning Asian American’s; most believe that being looked in the eye is a sign of hostility (Sue & Sue, 2013). Nonverbal communication consists of the visual/eye contact, vocal qualities, attentive and authentic body language, and silence. Counselors also need to recognize the client’s nonverbal communication, such as facial flushing, body tension, vocal tones, intense emotion, and breathing content (Ivey, Ivey, & Zalaquett, 2012).
Individual Counseling
Reframing, when counseling an individual, involves active listening and broadening the restrictive thoughts of the clients. Helping to make a negative into a positive. Helping the client see a situation in a different perspective and allowing positive and fresh ideas is reframing. Self-disclosure pertaining to a client’s situation may help the client to view the situation differently. I may advise a client that I once took a job I thought I wanted and became unhappy. I went back to school and now I am working toward my dream job. I will explain that life gives us challenges and making these challenges, work in one’s favor is up to the individual.
Eye contact with an individual consists of understanding the client’s culture, paying close attention if eye contact makes the client look un...
... middle of paper ...
...to show interest. Nonverbal communication allows client(s) to see that the counselor has concerns, expresses interest, and allowing silence enables a client to reflect on what he or she just said. Counselors do need to have self-awareness with facial expressions and vocal tones so not to give the client any form of disapproval. All of these skills take practice and perfect timing when to use any of these techniques.
Works Cited
Ivey, A. E., Bradford Ivey, M., & Zalaquett, C. P. (with Quirk, K.). (2012). Essentials of intentional interviewing: Counseling in a multicultural world (2nd ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2010e). Counseling techniques — micro-skills II. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2013). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2013). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons
Counselors today face the task of how to appropriately counsel multicultural clients. Being sensitive to cultural variables can be conceptualized as holding a cultural lens to human behavior and making allowances for the possibility of cultural influence. However, to avoid stereotyping, it is important that the clinician recognize the existence of within-group differences as well as the influence of the client’s own personal culture and values (Furman, Negi, Iwamoto, Shukraft, & Gragg, 2009). One’s background is not always black or white and a counselor needs to be able to discern and adjust one’s treatment plan according to their client.
non verbal(facial expression) can give an expression on how we are feeling about the conversation. It is crucial to be aware of the facial expressions made in conversation. Posture is how the way you holding yourself, whether it be with your hands in the air or on your hips this can give an understanding on how you are feeling and can also put across mixed signals. Hand gestures, these can be used to really emphasise what is being spoken about. Proxemics, this is the space between you and the person you are communicating with. Haptics, this is touching the other person in conversation, this can make some people feel uncomfortable but usual with distressed client it works quite well with just placing a hand on there upper arm for reassurance. Appearance, this is important as a person will already know how they feel about you before a conversation has begun. Par...
Reframing is used to influence clients by using non-directive and directive practices and procedures to get the client to see their situation or problem in a different light. For example, if a client gets anger every time then you can tell him or her to try to take 10 deep breaths whenever they get anger.
Acculturation, worldview and perceived discrimination as cultural variables influence career behaviors of racial/ethnic minorities. Multicultural education and diversity appreciation training are thought to decrease counselor prejudice. Theme four looks at multicultural issues that require counselors to incorporate cultural data into their thinking and actions. Multicultural competence incorporates learning how to include cultural data into decision making process of complicated problems and interventions posed by culturally different clients. Theme five posits that people have multiple identities that affect the ways they experience and view the world. Multiple identities are used to refer to variables such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, nationality and ethnicity which impact an individual’s behavior, perception and
A therapist will face problems, issues and client troubles everyday. The professional must understand how their client relates to the world around them. These feelings and ideas affect how the client sees the problem and how they respond to their situation. Their actions, in turn, have bearing on individual thoughts, needs, and emotions. The therapist must be aware of the client's history, values, and culture in order to provide effective therapy. This paper will outline and provide information as to the importance of cultural competence and diversity in family therapy.
Remember, self-reflection is vital to becoming a culturally-competent counselor. The counselor should consistently re-examine their worldview and personal beliefs about diverse individuals and other cultures. The idea is for the counselor to explore their own prejudices, emotions, and preconceived notions of those that differ from themselves. Remaining curious and willing to learn about culturally distinct groups is a practical way of working effectively with varied clients in counseling and understanding what barriers and prejudices are typical in their
The diversity among clients and the counselor is an issue that has recently come to the forefront. The counselor must be very cautious and sensitive to the cultural values of their clients, gender and gender preference, age, language preference, ethnicity, and spirituality and religious beliefs.
The verbal communication goal is to encourage the client to fully express the changes and wants of set outcomes established. Both verbal and non- communication can have an impact on the client once interaction is met. Non-verbal communication consists of body language, facial expressions, closeness, and eye contact (Schore, 2008). If a client senses the listener is uninterested or showing signs of discomfort due to their diagnosis or disability, it can cause one to be unengaged in the conversation. Verbal communication can also result in the same disengagement due to the social worker/ therapist tone of voice. Social workers are to be mindful and educated on the background of the client being served to be aware of the different approaches to take when engaging with the individual. The social work intern effective of non-verbal communication skills as the client continued to discuss her life before her recent hospitalization. The social work intern ensured to make steady eye contact, in which the client was receptive of. The social work intern also created a posture that created empathic body language, allowing the client to be more open during
(Hays & Erford, 2014 p 59). In the counseling world in order to effectively work with clients from diverse background and cultures, it is important to provide a culturally safe environment and promote equality to all persons. Our main focus should be those that have already experienced discrimination due to their race/ethnicity, gender, age or economic status. Our efforts and “Beliefs that all people should have the right to equitable treatment and fair allocation of societal resources, the goal of social justice counseling is to establish an equal distribution of power and resources through advocacy to ensure that all people have the tools and resources for a “good life.” (Hays & Erford, 2014 p 59). The Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies (MSJCC) has implemented and created several competencies useful for the counseling profession. These competencies work as the foundation for something positive if properly implemented. It allows the counselor to address issues of power, privilege, and oppression and how each day the client is faced with a variety of worries that require the counselor to intervene and recommend the proper interventions needed in order for the client to move
SUE, D. W., ARREDONDO, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural Counseling Competencies and Standards: A Call to the Profession. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING & DEVELOPMENT, 70, 477-486.
5. Ponteroto J. et al.( 1995) (ed.) Handbook of Multicultural Counselling, Sage Publications Inc.: USA
In successful communication building rapport is one of the core second person skills. Rapport building is the establishment of a harmonic, comfortable work relationship between the counsellor and the client (Ramseyer & Tschacher, 2011). Rapport is the essential skill for a counsellor to build trust with the client. Hunt and Price (2002) suggest rapport should be additionally based on sincerity and respect and is never ending as it is a building stone to a productive long-term bond. Sharpley, Jeffrey and McMah (2006) state effective rapport building can be display through the counsellor’s interest and engagement with the client, but also the client’s involvement in the session and his or her enjoyment of sharing the experience and...
Interpersonal communication is more than just saying words to another person. It often includes nonverbal communication, and this type of communication sometimes speaks louder than the actual words. Nonverbal communication includes our facial expressions, gestures, tone of voice, and most importantly, eye contact. Although, eye contact comes naturally to most of us, through this experiment, I discovered how valuable eye contact really is in communicating. I conducted four separate experiments to determine the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication and how others would react with the presence or absence of it.
S.O.L.A.R stands for facing the person squarely, open body language, leaning slightly forward, maintain eye contact, and relaxed posture. There is so much that can be done in a counseling session that can make or break the start the relationship. Counseling is truly an art of vulnerability, in which someone is being very transparent with you and allowing you to become a part of their inner world. Our facial expressions, gestures, and vocal cues have a huge influence on whether a person opens up to us or not. In my first practice session with a classmate I found myself shutting down early. My topic was deeper than I thought it would be and the counselor’s degree of interest or lack of it was the perception that I felt. A word they said triggered this gesture for me, my interest in opening up begin to dwindle afterward. This was a very good aspect for me to encounter as someone who would like to counsel others. I now understand the importance of my face, my gestures, and my vocal cues. Practicing S.O.L.A.R while also being aware of my facial expressions, gestures, and vocal cues will be a practice that I use in my counseling ministry. I will be mindful of my body language and also when I need a moment to gather my thoughts. In order to be proficient in counseling I will need to be aware of what I can and cannot handle dealing with. Knowing my limits is