The study of microorganisms is called microbiology. Viruses, Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Worms all come under this category. They have an incredible impact on our daily lives, even though these organisms are tiny and can only be seen when under a microscope. Named microbes for short, it is estimated that there are about 5 million trillion, trillion microbial cells Earth. The largest mass of living material on earth is constituted collectively by microbes. They are tied to the activities of all living things as they degrade organic matter and also provide key nutrients. However, some microbes are considered pathogenic. (The University of Manchester, 2015)
Pathogens are what cause disease in other organisms. These can range from the common
…show more content…
These living conditions are affected by rate of O2, temperature and light intensity being at the optimum level. (General Bacteriology, 2015)
The characteristics of a gram negative bacteria include that it is single layered, has an outer membrane, It primarily excretes endotoxins, it is more resistant against antibiotics and it has a thick membrane. As compared to a gram positive bacterium which is many layered, has no outer membrane, primarily excretes exotoxins, it is resistant, but not as resistant to antibiotics as gram negative and it has a thinner membrane. (Diffen, 2015)
Bacillus Subtilis is an extremely common bacterium that is gram positive. It is found in soil and to tolerate extreme environmental factors, it forms a tough protective endospore. This bacterium is also rod shaped. (Probiotic,
…show more content…
They are mainly used for application to the skin, inanimate objects and mucous membranes and are routinely thought of as topical agents. Antiseptics are a diverse class of drug and have anti- infective effects when applied to mucous membranes or the surface of skin. They can be either bacteriostatic, where they prohibit the growth of bacteria or bactericidal, where they simply kill off the bacteria. The main use of antiseptics is cleaning wound surfaces, and cleaning skin surfaces prior to surgical procedures. They are also used in oral hygiene by disinfecting the mouth as well as for disinfecting inanimate objects, such as surfaces of furniture and instruments. (Encyclopedia, 2015)
This all links to the topic of how clean is your face?, because these bacteria’s can be transferred via personal contact, therefore antiseptics are needed to kill these pathogens on places like the face.
In these series of experiments, what would like to be known is how bacterial growth is affected by antiseptics and how these antiseptics prevent bacteria on your
What do bacteria need to grow? For bacteria to grow the most typical thing that they like ate a warm and moist environment, but that is not all that they like. Bacteria also like and environment with a PH that is normal or close to a human PH and bacteria also like an oxygen rich environment. The places that could be common to find bacteria in a building are a keyboard, a water fountain, and restrooms. A keyboard is a common place for bacteria because it is being touched constantly with hands when people type and hands are warm, so bacteria like them. The water fountain is another place that is common for bacteria to grow because people's warm hands are touching it and also it has water, which causes it to be moist. The last place that bacteria will we commonly found in buildings are restrooms. The bacteria like restrooms because many people are in then and also there is a lot of water in them.
The Gram positive bacteria has been nicknamed Posi. The Gram positive species’ morphology includes having an opaque opacity with a smooth margin. The moisture content of the Gram positive species is shiny and the pigmentation is gold. The Gram positive species grows at an optimal temperature of 37°C. The shape of the Gram positive species is a cocci, with an arrangement of grapelike clusters. The Gram positive species’ size ranges from .5-1.5 µm. Oxygen requirement of the Gram positive species is facultative, and has complete lysis of red blood cells. All results are summarized in Table
Phenotypic methods of classifying microorganisms describe the diversity of bacterial species by naming and grouping organisms based on similarities. The differences between Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryotes are basic. Bacteria can function and reproduce as single cells but often combine into multicellular colonies. Bacteria are also surrounded by a cell wall. Archaea differ from bacteria in their genetics and biochemistry. Their cell membranes are made with different material than bacteria. Just like bacteria, archaea are also single cell and are surrounded by a cell wall. Eukaryotes, unlike bacteria and archaea, contain a nucleus. And like bacteria and archaea, eukaryotes have a cell wall. The Gram stain is a system used to characterize bacteria based on the structural characteristics of their cell walls. A Gram-positive cell will stain purple if cell walls are thick and a Gram-negative cell wall appears pink. Most bacteria can be classified as belonging to one of four groups (Gram-positive cocci, Gram-positive bacilli, Gram-negative cocci, and Gram-negative bacilli) (Phenotypic analysis. (n.d.).
I was given unknown organism #14, in order to find out what organism I had, I had to perform several different biochemical tests to identify it. Starting with the Gram stain test, which is performed to differentiate Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells. After staining, when observed through the microscope Gram-positive cells are a purple color with thick peptidoglycan cell walls. Gram-negative cells are a pinkish/red color with thinner cell walls. (handout G. s.) My organism was observed to be pinkish rod shaped meaning it is Gram-negative bacteria.
Its morphology consists of a rod-shaped gram negative bacteria that is commonly found in soil, water, vegetation, human intestines, as well as the intestines of animals. Its presence can be good or bad. The family Enterobacteriaceae consists of a large number of genera which are genetically and biochemically related to one another. Escherichia coli is a component of the family. This bacterium was discovered by a German pediatrician and bacteriologist named Theodor Escherich in 1885.
These germs, or organisms, are often living in or on our bodies. Most of the time they are harmless, and sometimes they are helpful.2 These organisms are often called microorganisms because they are so small they can only be seen through a microscope. There are millions of microorganisms living in your body that help with body functions. The problem is when a microorganism that can cause disease enters your body and starts to multiply. These unwanted microorganisms are called pathogens. Pathogens can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans and insects or animals.3
...standing the nature of relationship between the residing microbes inside human cells and about their function is very important to put an end to this war and to live in peace with the natural organisms that are benefitting human body and their survival has become our primary importance.
Microorganism is a living thing that cannot be seen by naked eye and is so small in size. Microorganism usually can be seen through microscope because microscope have the ability to see small thing using various magnification. The examples of microorganism are bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae and virus. Among all of the microorganisms, bacteria have the greatest advantages in preserving food and beverages. Bacteria are generally harmless but can produce enzymes that can alter the structure the food. In extreme cases, bacteria can secrete toxic substances that can cause the food to spoil.
There are small microorganisms that are too small to see with the naked eye without the use of a microscope or any other forms of device that has the ability to magnify, invade humans, animals and different living hosts. The term "germ" could refer not simply a bacterium but also a protist, fungus, virus, prion or viroid. The Germ theory of disease states and explains that some diseases are caused by microorganisms(including fungi). The expansion and reproduction of these microorganisms among their hosts will cause an illness. (Fracastoro, 1546). This theory therefore proves that athlete's foot is caused by fungus and fungus is also considered as a
Prescott, Harley & Klein (1990) describe bacteria as prokaryotic cells (cells that lack a true membrane enclosed nucleus). Bacteria are both small and simple in structure; they usually are between o.5 and 5cmm yet they have many characteristic shapes and sizes. Some bacteria are circular or oval shaped, they are known as cocci bacteria. Other bacteria are rod-shaped, they are known as bacilli bacteria, and some bacteria are spiral and coil-shaped and it is know as spirilla bacteria.
Microbes are microscopic life forms, usually too small to be seen by the naked eye. Although many microbes are single-celled, there are also numerous multi-cellular organisms. The human body has 10-100 trillion microbes living on it, making it one giant super-organism. Since the first link between microbes and diseases was made, people have been advised to wash their hands. Scientists, however, have recently started to investigate more closely how the microbes that call the human body home affect our health. While some microbes cause disease, others are more beneficial, working with our bodies in many subtle ways.
Microorganisms play an important role in our life: helps us to digest our food, decompose wastes and participate in various life cycles. They are diverse and have adapted to inhabit different environments including extreme conditions, such as hot vents under the ocean to ice caps; hence known as extremophiles. There are more microorganisms present in us than there are cells, and the various microorganisms are bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. Many people associate microorganisms as death and diseases causing agents; also frequently compared to dirt. Although some microorganisms are responsible for causing diseases, most microorganisms’ original hosts are not the human body so are not pathogenic, but commensal. This essay will discuss the numerous beneficial microorganisms that carry out processes in biotechnology, agriculture, industries and environment; necessary to sustain life. First of all, essential uses of microorganisms are seen in the environment, as they play a vital role in many of the nutrient cycles. For instance, carbon fixation from the atmosphere during the carbon cycle by autotrophic bacteria, such as cyanobacteria; synthesizes organic molecules for other organisms and release oxygen for our consumption. In addition, microorganisms are vital participants of the food chain since they act as decomposers; breaking down dead organisms and organic materials and releasing minerals for uptake by living organisms and CO2 back into the atmosphere for photosynthetic organisms. Microorganisms, known as methanogens, influence the carbon cycle by converting CO2 in their cells to methane and releasing it into atmosphere; thus increasing methane concentration whereas methanothrophs consume methane from the atmosphere, lead...
The very first step in the prevention of skin infections is cleansing your skin in a regular basis. Your skin should be free from oils and dirt, as they clog the pores and increase the production of acne. For that, you must wash your face at least twice daily to wash away excess oils and trapped dead cells from your skin. Proper cleansing also helps ...
Knowledge is power when discussing the classes you have taken in college and how it affects your everyday life. Microbiology is one of those important classes where although for a majority of majors you do not have to take it and therefore will not learn the information discussed in it, other majors such as biology and nursing require you to take it. They will require you to take it because you will encounter some of the information being taught in it in the work field. As a nurse practitioner I have worked in the field with many patients who were diagnosed with Leprosy, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and other bacterial diseases. All of these diseases that I have encountered in patients were ones I was familiar with due to learning about them as a student in microbiology at CSUB. My children plan on
Growth is characteristic feature of life; this simply means the regulated and coordinated enlargement in biological mass over time. Bacterial growth involves division of one cell of the bacteria into two cells in a process known as binary fission. Specific conditions are required for the survival of bacteria. Most bacteria require environments that are moderate, suitable and assure optimum growth. The common conditions that need to be set include temperature, oxygen concentration, nutrients, salt concentration and pH. Different bacterial species have to be well examined to allow bacterial growth in an artificial lab condition. Optimum oxygen levels and aeration