3.1 Introduction
A research is an investigation to discover new knowledge by collecting numerous information on the certain ideas or theories. The research methodology is the ways to solve the research problem systematically by using various steps.
3.2 Research Method
The researcher has used the quantitative method for this research. The quantitative method is a method to collect various numerical data by using mathematically methods. The purpose of using quantitative method is to measure various perspective and opinions in a chosen sample.
3.3 Data Collection Method
The data collection is involved in collecting as much information as possible for the research topic by relying on the desk study and the field study. The field study is collected as a primary data while the desk study are collected as a secondary data.
3.3.1 Field Study
The researcher has used the survey method to measure the characteristics and the opinion of the populations as well as observing the behaviour of certain people. The survey method is a technique used to gather information from the people by using the questionnaires.
3.3.2 Desk Study
The desk study is the reviews of the research information available before the field study had taken place. The data from the desk study are collected from the journals, newspapers, Utar library and Malaysia government official website of Economic Planning Unit.
3.4 Research Design
The quantitative method gives an emphasis on the measurement of objective and the numerical data analysis collected through the questionnaires. The questionnaires for this research have been given to the degree graduates of built environment professional in West Malaysia area.
3.4.1 Survey Questionnaire
A questionnaire ...
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...the method of the probability sample, each element of the population has non-zero chance of being selected for the sample. On the other hand, non-probability sampling is the method that we do not know chances for the each element of the population to be selected.
The convenience sampling has been chosen from the non-probability sampling method for this research. The convenience sampling can also be known as haphazard sampling. The researcher has selected this method for the research because it is convenience and easy to be used. The convenience sample is used any participant available for the research.
3.5.2 Instrument of Data Collection
The researcher has used iPhone 4 mobile phone with 5 megapixels camera as a tool to take the pictures for the research. The reason is because iPhone 4 mobile phone is easy to carry around whenever the researcher need it.
In this case the method used is qualitative research as qualitative techniques such as participant observation and ethnography have been used. Qualitative techniques are used when researcher conducts his observation based on words rather than numbers as it focuses more on interviews and group discussions. Even though this form of research provides an in depth analysis into the topping of discussion, it has certain disadvantages too, It has been criticized to be too subjective and are base...
The strengths in using the questionnaire or survey method are the simplicity of collecting the data. The poll or survey method can be an inexpensive way to conduct research. References Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative Inquiry and research design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. London: Sage Publications.
For everything that occurs, there will somehow be something that caused the action to happen. It is more of a cause and effect ideal or simple a reaction to an action. In terms of research academics, independent and dependent variables are concepts or attributes to certain things that occur such as drug use, crime, or domestic abuse. For example, stress or other personal problems may lead to someone to use drugs. Also, poverty may lead someone to commit crime. In addition, a power controlled individual may cause a partnership to suffer physical or verbal abuse.
Focusing on surveys and questionnaires, and quantitative research methods, it varies on the person getting questioned as to which method they prefer. Some individuals may prefer to fill in a questionnaire, as it is quick and simple for them, whereas someone else would rather have a face-to-face interview because they may find questionnaires to complicated. Giving people the choice gives the more chance of getting a response overall. It is important that the researchers are aware of the advantages and disadvantages because they will then be aware of what method to use, and will know what method is best to use. It is also an advantage to work with experienced researchers in order to find out the best results.
The research carried on both quantitative approach and qualitative approach. It began with quantitative approach—questionnaire. Bryman and Bell (2003) asserted that mail or postal questionnaires are most popular forms of questionnaires. Another form—self-completion questionnaire was also common because of the overlap with postal questionnaire to some extent.
Research methodology is a systematic way to solve a problem. It is a science of studying how research is to be carried out. Essentially, the procedures by
Quantitative research is the oldest form of research; it is incredibly formal, stemming from positivism paradigm, or the outside looking in approach. The method is about trying to establish cause and affect relationships between variables. This method can be considered non biased as the researcher isn’t us...
Research aims at establishing new information. It is a systematic approach of collecting and interpreting information aimed at improving the knowledge base (Suanders et al: 2009, p 5). Research strategy implies a broad orientation as to how to conduct any research. According to Creswell 2004(cited in Duffy & Chenail: 2008), research could be classified into quantitative research and qualitative research. At its simplest form, the former transforms human encounters into numbers while the latter transforms such experiences into words.
Health research is grounded in science. It looks at issues that affect not only how health care is developed, but also its affect on the community and society as a whole. Research is a process that can consume a large quantity of time or numerous participants; the process cannot be rushed or the process altered. Doing so could distort the results resulting in false outcomes or having to terminate the project altogether.
Research is systematic way to find out facts and knowledge as Kothari (2006) has analyzed that research is the pursuit of truth with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment; the search for knowledge through objective and systematic method of finding solutions to a problem. However there are two types of researches one is by Purpose and other is by method. The type by purpose falls into three categorize such as Basic, Applied and Action Research.
Every research study should describe the methods used for collecting, analysing and interpreting data. Research methodology is a systematic solving of the research problem and includes all the tools and methods used in the research process.
As Chiromo 2006: 17 correctly points out, there are two types of sampling techniques namely probability and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling is the type of sampling that affords each member or unit of the population an equal choice of being included in the sample, (Clark 2006: 18). On the other hand in non-probability sampling, the units of the sample have an unknown chance of being included in the sample. Quantitative research uses both random and non-random sampling although there is usually a mistaken belief the non-random sampling is for qualitative research alone.
The data collected will be analysed and interpreted. The summary of the findings, suggestions and the conclusion will be given in the report.
These set of techniques ensured that the data collected was direct form the source increasing its validity . The first journal article made use of the qualitative methodology. The research team used this approach with the aim of quantifying the issue of housing and health through the generation of numerical data that was transformed into statistics. The researcher, by using this methodology, attempted to quantify not only the attitudes, but the behaviors as well as opinions and other variables of the sample population and generalized the results to the real
a. Sampling Design: which deals with the method of selecting items to be observed for researcher`s study.