Mercury
Mercury is the second smallest planet in the solar system and is closest and innermost planet to the sun. Did you know that the sun warms Mercury? It is 36 million miles from the sun and takes 88 days to circle it, and Mercury takes 59 Earth days to spin once on its axis. But Mercury does not have any gases. Mercury is very hot in its surface, the temperatures range from: 430 degrees Celsius through 130 degrees Celsius.
There is a lot of history based on Mercury; Mercury is visible with a telescope, and with the naked eye. Mercury seems to have been dead for the past 4 billion years, like the Moon. Until the 1970's when the Mariner was launched, scientists did not know much about the sun-scorched planet. Mercury's early history and evolution is still trying to be figured out. It has been observed in 1974 when Mariner 10 was launched. This mission sent this spacecraft to Venus, and then Venus' gravity directed it towards Mercury. It passed by Mercury 3 times and returned the first close images, which helped scientists to discover more. In 1975 the Mariner had ten
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Pictures that reveal a moon-like surface in Mercury. Mercury is also a terrestrial planet Uranus, Earth, and Mars are also terrestrial planets. It is made of a solid surface and has a hot core.
There is also a lot of geology based on Mercury. Its surface is covered with craters some extremely large stricter. Also on the face of mercury lies the Caloris Basin that is 812 miles across, this is about the size of Alaska. Mercury does not have rings, or gas like the gas giants of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Most of Mercury is covered with ancient craters and is very rocky. The northern polar region consists of smooth plains. Mercury might have had craters from volcanoes along time ago.
Mercury has a slow rotation and does not have a liquid metal core, but it still has a magnetic field. The field is weak, but strong enough to deflect solar winds and create a small magnetosphere.
Here are some interesting facts about Mercury. Mercury has no moons or satellites. Its atmosphere is composed of hydrogen, helium and sodium.
The traditional theory about the Earth’s core suggest that the core of the Earth is a solid nickel and iron sphere surrounded by a fluid metallic magma. The rotation of the Earth is believed to create massive columns of magma to swirl in the core. These columns are believed to produce the Earth’s magnetic field. This theory is based on the assumption that the Earth’s core is cooling and will eventually cool completely and cease to produce energy and a magnetic field. However, this theory does not answer many ongoing mysteries about the Earth, such as why the Earth’s magnetic field periodically shuts down, and questions about the energy production of the Earth. It was apparent that a new theory was needed to explain the mystery of the Earth’s core.
Silvery white and soft enough to be cut with a knife, gallium takes on a
...his moon. There is about half water ice and half rocky material, which consists of magnesium and other elements.
In chemistry, out of all the elements on the periodic table, there are a few that stand out because of certain characteristics, Gallium is one of these elements. On the periodic table, Gallium has the symbol Ga and atomic number 31. Gallium is a metal that has uses in such things as, medical, industrial, and everyday life.
Jupiter is a very interesting planet. It is very much different from our planet Earth. Its days are a lot shorter than and Earth day. Then the years though are very long. The giant, Jupiter, is named after and old Greek god. Jupiter actually has rings, though very little. It is one of my favorite planet’s.
In 1609, Galileo Galilei, using “spyglass” which allowed one to see things closer than they appeared, made an early version of the telescope. With it, he observed the skies in a way no one had before. He discovered the moon isn’t perfectly globular, it has craters, the Sun has sunspots, Venus orbits the Sun (contrary to widespread belief in his time), and then he observed four “stars” around Jupiter (“Our Solar System”). Within days, he realized that these objects were not stars, they were moons. Io, Ganymede, Castillo, and Europa are known as the Galilean Moons or Satellites, collectively. During the 19th century, the first measurable physical studies of these moons became achievable when Simon de Laplace derived the satellite masses from their shared gravitational perturbations and afterward, other workers used a new generation of telescopes to measure the mass of these moons. The data collected showed that the density declined from the inner to the outer satellites. According to Adam Showman, “More recent observations of water ice on the surfaces of the outer three moons led to the inference that the satellite compositions range from mostly silicate rock at Io to 60% silicate rock and 40% volatile ices (by mass) at Ganymede and Callisto” ( 77). The Voyager flybys of Jupiter in 1979 exposed indication of extensive geological activity like Europa's fractured terrains, which probably result from tidal heating and bending...
The main goal of this research is to investigate mercury stable isotopes fractionation during biouptake and biomagnification in Arctic marine ecosystems and use mercury stable isotopic signatures to study mercury transformation, fate and bioaccumulation in the context of the changing environment. The specific objectives are:
Pluto: A Planet of the Earth? Many issues have arisen from the debate over whether or not Pluto is a planet. Some astronomers say that Pluto should be classified as a “minor planet” due to its size, physical characteristics, and other factors. On the other hand, some astronomers defend Pluto’s planet status, citing several key features. Indeed, most of the problem is that there is no formal definition of a planet.
Core/Interior: The Earth has three layers to it's interior, the inner core, outer core, and mantle. Of these the outer core is thought to be liquid. Like most of the terrestrial planets at birth, the Earth has been molten and undergone some differentiation allowing the heavy material which is consisting mostly of an iron, nickel, and cobalt core making it's density five and a half times the density of water.
Comets are made up of four distinct features. The first is the nucleus. The nucleus is made up of frozen gases, mostly water vapor with lesser amounts of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, and imbedded in the frozen gases are interplanetary dust and tiny fragments of stony and metallic meteoric material. Some comets, the larger ones, have a nucleus of 10 kilometers (Schweighauser 22).
Known as “Earth’s twin”, Venus is very similar to Earth in composition, size, mass, and gravity. However, their temperatures are not so similar. The average temperature on Venus is a toasty 460 degrees Celsius (864 degrees Fahrenheit), as opposed to the cool 14 degrees Celsius (58.3 degrees Fahrenheit) Earth experiences. Needless to say, it would not be an ideal vacation spot. Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system, thanks to the runaway greenhouse effect. The atmosphere of Venus is also majorly different from Earth. It is composed of 97% carbon dioxide and 3% sulfuric acid, with an atmospheric pressure that is ninety-two times that of Earth. This pressure would be the same as being in the lowest depths of the ocean on Earth. However, like Earth, Venus is one of the four terrestrial planets, meaning it has a rocky surface, and a surface area of 177.7 million square miles. The gravity, which is 8.87 meters per second is very similar to Earth. Its mass is also very similar, 4.867E24 kilograms, and a density of 5.20 grams per centimeter.
Mercury is the first planet closest to the Sun. It is the smallest planet in the solar system. Mercury rotates three times in two of its years. One of Mercury's days is equal to 176 Earth days because its rotation is very slow. What is weird is that its day is longer than its year. Mercury’s year is about 88 earth days the shortest in the solar system. It has the shortest year because it is closest to the Sun.