Coexisting Substance Use & Mental Health Problems Introduction In this essay I am going to respond to the six questions provided in relation to the article, “Help-seeking for substance use, anxiety and affective disorders among young people: results from the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing” (Reavley N, Cvetkovski S, Jorm A, Lubman D, 2010) in comparison to a NZ clinical alcohol and other drug (AOD) cohort which the article is entitled “Coexisting psychiatric disorders in a New Zealand outpatient alcohol and other drug clinical population” (Adamson SJ, Todd FC, Sellman D, Huriwai T, Porter J, 2006) . Compare the research sample in the article mentioned, with client cohort relevant to a New Zealand study. When comparing the studies in question there are some differences to note. Reavley et al. (2010) reports that the sample size was initially 14,805 prospective participants, but only 8841 completed the interview process. Comparatively the study conducted by Adamson et al. (2006) reports that the research sample was 105, which would suggest that the study done by Reavley et al. (2010) had more validity in regards to results. Furthermore Reavley et al. (2010) had a selection bias in their participants with people aged between 16-24 being the targeted group as this population was who the study was aimed at. Both studies used the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview along with the DSM IV for their survey instrument. The study conducted by Reavley et al. (2010) was directed by Mental Health Services compared to the study conducted by Adamson et al. (2006), which was run through a particular alcohol and other drug service. When looking at the study in quest... ... middle of paper ... ...Health Commission Board and the Alcohol Advisory Council of New Zealand. ALAC. Reavley N, Cvetkovski S, Jorm A, Lubman D. (2010, February 11). Help-seeking for substance use, anxiety and affective disorders among young people: results from the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry . The Werry Centre. (2013). Co-existing Problems (CEP) & Youth: A Resource for enhancing Practice & Service Delivery. The Werry Centre for Child and Adolesence. Auckland: The University of Auckland. The World Health Organisation. (2014). Large gains in life expectancy. Retrieved from World Health Organization: http://www.who.int/en/ Todd FC. (2010). Te Ariari o te Oranga: the Assessment and Management of People with Co-existing Mental Health and Substance Use Problems. Wellington: Ministry of Health.
Conceptualizing Co-Occurring Disorder Co-occurring disorders are terms that can be very broad and can describe different conditions that happen or occur at the same time. For the purpose of this essay and from the mental health perspective, co-occurring disorders refer to someone who has a substance use disorder such as alcohol or drugs, and also has a mental disorder such as depression or any other mental illness. According to a study conducted in 2014 by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), adults 18 and over who were surveyed reported having substance use and/or mental illness. “Of these, 7.9 million people had both a mental disorder and substance use disorder” (SAMHSA, 2016). This essay will provide general history information about co-occurring disorders, how the term came about, treatment integration and the quadrants, as well as a personal view on the use of the co-occurring term.
Depending on their conditions, many people resort to substances to help them cope. These substances are widely abused and are unhealthy. The British Journal of Social Work surveyed three different rehabilitation centers. They came to the conclusion that “There is a very large international body of research on substance use and abuse, ranging from problem etiology to treatment (Valtonen 59)”. This suggests that because of what people are dealing with, they often resort to substance abuse. However, there are many better ways to cope. People use substances to try and figure out their diagnoses. During the surveys of the rehabilitation centers, they found out some other coping mechanisms. Some of these coping mechanisms are sleeping, eating, smoking, and drinking. These mechanisms are not a healthy way to deal with the situation at hand. This study shows that people who avoid substances to cope and instead talk to a therapist have better outcomes. This is also true with people who go to focus groups and verbally discuss their problems rather than resorting to
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...the data did not involve member checking thus reducing its robustness and enable to exclude researcher’s bias. Although a constant comparative method was evident in the discussion which improved the plausibility of the final findings. Themes identified were well corroborated but not declared was anytime a point of theoretical saturation Thus, the published report was found to be particularly strong in the area of believability and dependability; less strong in the area of transferability; and is weak in the area of credibility and confirmability, although, editorial limitations can be a barrier in providing a detailed account (Craig & Smyth, 2007; Ryan, Coughlan, & Cronin, 2007).
adults, conducted two large postal surveys to collect data, and many other studies. The first large
Substance abuse complicates almost every aspect of care for the person with a mental disorder. When drugs enter the brain, they can interrupt the work and actually change how the brain performs its jobs; these changes are what lead to compulsive drug use. Drug abuse plays a major role when concerning mental health. It is very difficult for these individuals to engage in treatment. Diagnosis for a treatment is difficult because it takes time to disengage the interacting effects of substance abuse and the mental illness. It may also be difficult for substance abusers to be accommodated at home and it may not be tolerated in the community of residents of rehabilitation programs. The author states, that they end up losing their support systems and suffer frequent relapses and hospitalizations (Agnes B. Hatfield, 1993).
Alcohol and drug abuse is one of biggest problems in United States today. It is not only a personal problem that dramatically affects individuals' lives, but is a major social problem that affects society as whole. "Drug and alcohol abuse", these phrases we hear daily on the radio, television or in discussions of social problem. But what do they mean or what do we think and understand by it? Most of us don't really view drug or alcohol use as a problem, if that includes your grandmother taking two aspirins when she has a headache or your friends having few beers or drinks on Saturday night. What we really mean is that some drugs or alcohol are being used by some people or in some situations constitute problem with which our society must deal. It becomes a real problem when using or I should say abusing drugs cause accidents, antisocial behavior, broken relationships, family instability, crime and violence, poverty, unsafe streets and highways, worker absenteeism and nonproductivity, and the most tragic one death. The situation in which the drug or alcohol uses accurse often makes all the difference. The clearest example is the drinking of alcohol, when individual begins to drink during the job, at school, or in the morning, we have evidence that indicates a potential drinking problem. If a person takes narcotic drug because he just wrecked his knee while his physician prescribed playing football and the drug, most of us would be not concerned. If, on the other hand, he took the same drug on his own just because he likes the way it makes him feel, then we should begin to worry about him developing dependence. Even use of illegal drugs are sometimes acceptable, but it also depends on situation, for example in some countries smoking marijuana is legal just like drinking alcohol in United States. Some subcultures even in United States that accept the use of illegal drugs may distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable situation, some college age groups might accept marijuana smoking at a party on weekends, but not just before going to a calculus class. Most of people would accept a fact that a bartender or a waiter who is working at a night club is having a beer or a drink on his break or that a landscape worker is having a cold beer with his lunch on a hot summer day. I'm not saying that it is "OK" but we wouldn't complain a...