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The meniscus in the knee joint can be torn for a variety of r easons. considering
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The meniscus is one of the most commonly injured structures in the knee. Meniscal injuries can occur in any age group, but causes are somewhat different for each age group. In younger people, the meniscus is fairly tough and rubbery, and tears usually occur as a result of a fairly forceful twisting injury. In the younger age group, meniscal tears are more likely to be caused by athletic activity (Sutton, 1999).
In older people, the meniscus grows weaker with age. The tissue that makes up the meniscus becomes degenerative and much easier to tear. Meniscal injuries in older people occur as a result of a fairly minor injury, even from the up and down motion of squatting. Degenerative tears of the meniscus are commonly seen as a part of the overall condition of osteoarthritis of the knee in the older population. In many cases, there is no one associated injury to the knee that leads to meniscal tears (Sutton, 1999).
In order to understand how the menisci can be injured, you must understand the basic anatomy of the menisci and why they are important. The menisci are two oval (semilunar) fibrocartilages that deepen the articular facets of the tibia and cushion any stresses placed on the knee joint. They enhance the total stability of the knee, assist in the control of normal knee motion, and provide shock absorption against compression forces between the tibia and the femur (Booher, 2000). Articular cartilage covers the ends of the bones that make up the joint. The articular cartilage surface is a tough, very slick material that allows the surfaces to slide against one another without damage to either surface. This ability of the meniscus to spread out the force on the joint surfaces as we walk is important because it protects the articular cartilage from excessive forces occurring in any one area on the joint surface, leading to degeneration over time (Sutton, 1999).
Blood is supplied to each meniscus by the medial genicular artery. Each meniscus can be divided into three circumferential zones: the red-red zone is the outer or peripheral one third and has a good vascular supply; the red-white zone is the middle one third and has a minimal blood supply; and the white-white zone on the inner one third is avascular (Arnheim,1997).
The medial meniscus is larger and more oval or C-shaped in the outline than the lateral meniscus. The medial cartilage is also more firmly fixed to the tibia and the capsule than the lateral meniscus; as a result, it is much more frequently injured than the lateral cartilage.
Tearing the ACL is now considered an epidemic in the United States over 100,000 recorded incidences are reported each year (Moeller). While such a finding may be good for orthopedic doctors and surgeons, this is not good for millions of athletes’ competing these days in high intensity sports. This is especially a problem for female athletes who are two to four times more likely to tear their ACL than men (Moeller). This is one of the biggest mysteries about ACL tears is the difference between the number of injuries seen in women and men. Women tend to tear there ACL far more frequently then men. While not everyone agrees that gender itself is the source of the problem, evidence is growing that females are learning too late that participating in sports can also become the first step to ruining an active lifestyle.
Meniscal tears are a common sports injury, and can vary widely in severity and pain. Meniscal tears are very common among athletes playing contact sports, such as Football, Rugby, and Soccer or any sport that involves twisting of the knee. Meniscal tears are more common among men than woman. Meniscal injuries can occur at any age, but factors differ with age. In older people tears are degenerative and usually occur doing daily activities. In younger people the majority of meniscal tears occur primarily by cutting or twisting movements, hyperflexion, or
I was previously at a large high school working with a nonprofit and this year I am working in an elementary school with that school’s social worker. Last year, especially, I was exposed to a diverse group of students and staff, which provided me with many opportunities to interact with people from varying backgrounds, cultures, socioeconomic statuses, beliefs, etc. This year, although I am only a week in to practicum, my first impression is that the students are largely of a similar socioeconomic station and are less diverse. The staff is predominantly female and white. While I have not experienced much difficulty in either a traditional or radical social worker role thus far, I expect that eventually all roles within social work experience some pushback. From a radical social work perspective, I expect that there will be times when administrators, faculty, members of a board of education, parents, and/or staff in a school setting will be adverse or hesitant to speak out or advocate for students and families on a more macro level. With all of the politics inherent in public education, it may be difficult to advocate for changes on a larger scale. Depending on ages and abilities of students, it may be difficult for a social worker to instill a sense of empowerment within them. It may also be risky to encourage students to organize and advocate for
There are many injuries in general, but sports injuries? Sprains and Strains are the most common injuries in sports. “Sprains are injuries to ligaments, the tough bands connecting in a joint. Suddenly stretching ligaments past their limits deforms or tears them” (Hoffman 1). Ligaments are like springs in a sense that when you stretch a spring, it will return to it’s normal state unless they are
A meniscus tear is a knee injury in which a piece of the meniscus is torn. The meniscus is a thick, rubbery, wedge-shaped cartilage in the knee. Two menisci are located in each knee. They sit between the upper leg bone (femur) and larger lower leg bone (tibia). Each meniscus acts as a shock absorber for the knee and helps keep the knee stable.
The number of girls and women participating in all levels of sports has risen greatly in recent years, and the way they play has changed too. Women's sports used to be played by a slow defensive style. Today, the sports are played with speed, precision, and power. With these changes have come increased injuries, and female athletes have higher injury rates than men in many sports. Knee injuries have been rising in female sports. Anterior crutiate ligament (ACL) injuries have become the most common injury in the knee to female athletes. Females are four times more susceptible to injury then men.
In your knee there are four ligaments, and they all keep your bones together and attached and prevent them from moving around. When one is torn then bones in your knee will move around
A 16 year old, female high school soccer player, Lindsey Robinson tore her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) from a soccer game. Interestingly, she was not the only one in her team who injured her ACL, but also several of her teammates have torn the same ligament as well during the soccer season. Lephart (2002) found that women involved in physical activity are more susceptible to acquire the ACL injuries than men who are involved in the same physical activity (as cited in Ogden, 2002). According to “ACL Injury Prevention” (2004), the numbers on female ACL ruptures have been increased for the past ten year. Over 1.4 million women have been suffered from the ACL rupture which is twice the rate of the previous decade. Therefore, female ACL injuries are now a growing problem in the nation (Anonymous, 2004). Back in 1950s and 1960s, female participation in sports was rare; therefore, the rate of injuries was very low. However, according to “ACL Injuries and Female Athletes” (n.d), as Title IX was implemented in 1972, female participation in numerous sports has dramatically increased. Moreover, the rate of acquiring injuries to the ACL also has dramatically increased (Anonymous, n.d). In terms of comparing the rate of acquiring ACL injuries between two genders, females have higher rate than males do. According to the “Physical Therapy Corner” (2007), “women suffered anterior cruciate ligament injuries more often than men, nearly 4 times as often in basketball, 3 times as often in gymnastics, and nearly 2 and a half times as often in soccer” (Knee Injuries section, para.1). There are various risk factors that contribute to the high rate of acquiring injuries to the ACL for female athletes. External factors such as improper sh...
A meniscal tear is one of the most common cartilage injuries of the knee. It is painful and debilitating. The meniscus is a piece of cartilage that provides a cushion between the femur and tibia. Each knee has two menisci in the knee joints (inner or medial meniscus and outer or lateral meniscus). The menisci can be damaged or torn by traumatic force most often happening during sports (Magee, Thomas H., and Gary W. Hinson, 1998). It can happen when someone twists the upper part of their leg while their foot and lower leg stays locked in another position. The injury can range from a minor tear in which the meniscus stays intact to a major split in the meniscus. The injury can happen to anyone, not just athletes. In older people, the meniscus
Another example of coming of age is responsibility which is important. It makes people have obligations to do something as they grow
Aggression is defined as a behavior in which is apparent the intention to cause painful stimuli to an individual (man or animal) or destructive intention towards objects. People aggression manifests mainly in three types: Verbal aggression, physical aggression towards others and physical aggression towards objects. Violence usually has the meaning of physical aggression towards people, thus being a subunit of aggression. [1]
Chapter three discusses Inside Criminal Law. There are four types of criminal law the first being constitutional law it expresses all the United States constitutions. In constitutional law the legislatures create ordinances passed by cities and countries. Administrative law , rules and orders, agencies like federal state and local government control OSHA, ERH, FDA. Case law is the fourth source is what announces and decides the laws.
Coming of age is a topic in which every human being goes through no matter what situation they are in but they are mostly influenced by the people that pass through their life and change them to bad or good.. You might not always be the same person because you are probably not going to be around the same people so you will learn to change based on the good and bad influences. You might get influenced by teachers to do better like, “First of all, Bill gave me a C on my To Kill a Mockingbird essay because he said I run my sentences
Choices define what a person is like and having choices is also a display of freedom which is why it factors in to coming of age. According to Google, choice is, “an act of selecting or making a decision when faced with two or more possibilities,” so having options are a form of freedom and when you've become an adult more choices and options are open for you. Another way choice can represent coming of age is the impact that it can have. Impacts tie in to responsibility and consequences but choice is what determines it, when you choose to eat this cereal instead of that brand it can have a big effect on your entire life and coming of age is being able to calmly rationalize a situation and make the best decision for the best
Some responsibilities may be more chores. Some chores may require skills that a seven or eight year old might not have. For example an eight year couldn’t drive the trash to the dump or drive to the store to buy groceries. Another responsibility as people come of age is being placed in charge. Growing up means becoming more mature, in other words, someone who is accountable, responsible, and someone who can supervise those below them. Moving on, in a person’s childhood their parent had full control over their schedule. However as students “come of age,” and advance into high school or college there's more freedom. Not only within student’s schedule, but also in extracurricular activities and with this freedom another responsibility is placed upon the students' shoulders, arranging their schedule. In addition, not only is the student required to plan out the schedule, but also communicate it to those needed. Lastly, coming of age represents improvement or development and accompanying the development are new challenges, responsibilities, and