1. Introduction
Malaysia is a diverse country with a population made up of 50.4% indigenous Malay, 11% other indigenous groups, 23.7% Chinese, 7.1% Indian and 7.8% other ethnicities (Miller, 2011). Historical processes including British colonialism and the corresponding decline of indigenous Malay economic status eventually instigated the formation of a nationalistic indigenous Malay country. The marginalization of other ethnic groups, such as Chinese Malaysians and Indian Malaysians led to their increased governmental resistance throughout the 2000s. Namewee, a Chinese Malaysian hip hop and rap musician and actor, is at the forefront of this movement. Namewee’s political and inflammatory lyrics makes him the first hip hop artist to directly
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Melayuisme is the concept that upholding the Malay race must be prioritized above all else, and Ketuanan Melayu refers to the special rights allocated to indigenous Malay citizens. In 1969, the indigenous Malays were still fairly absent from the Malaysian economy, where Chinese Malaysians held large amounts of capital.(Yew, 2012) In 1971, the prime minister of the UMNO, Tun Abdul Razak, created the National Cultural Policy. This policy defines Malaysian culture as singularly indigenous Malay culture, and asserts that ‘Malaysian Culture’ must pertain to Islam. (Yew, …show more content…
(Yew, 2012) In the 2000s, the Suqiu movement presented the first widely publicized Chinese movement against UMNO values. They requested equal treatment under the eyes of the government, the recall of Ketuanan Melayu. The movement was stopped when the UMNO youth organization threatened to burn down a Chinese assembly hall in Malaysia. (Yew, 2012) The ending of the Suqiu movement was followed by an increase in social media activity during the 2000s which allowed minorities in Malaysia to more easily voice their dissatisfaction with the policies of the UNMO party. (Koh, 2014) The Malaysian government’s tourist ministry also began using slogans such as ‘1Malaysia’ and ‘Malaysia True Asia’ to capitalize on the diversity of the country (Goh,
Melisa is a 45yo, G4 P3003, who was seen for an ultrasound assessment and evaluation. She does have AMA. She currently is 45 and will be 45 at the time of her EDD. She was seen in conjunction with our Genetic Counselor, Kristin Frazer and a separate cover letter will follow. She also has a history of chronic HTN and her BP was normal at 134/84 but she currently is not on an antihypertensive medication and this will be watched. She also is Rh-. The patient was actually unaware that she was pregnant and did not have good dates when she arrived but was thinking she was around 15-16 weeks along. She does have 3 previous term deliveries between 2000 and 2009 without any complications of infants that weighed between 6 ½-8 lb, all vaginally.
Civil Disobedience has only been increasing more in Malaysia in the 21st century, both online and offline, but it can be said that the internet was the main catalyst for real world prot...
Yilmaz, Melike. "The Politics of Post Colonialism and Multiculturalism: A Case of Malaysia." Journal of Academic Studies (2010): 133-43. Print.
Malaysia foreign policy introduced by Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj after malaysia was independent. The goal of Malaysia Foreign Policy is to maintaining peaceful relations with all countries regardless of its ideology and political system. It also adopting an independent, non-aligned, and principled stance in regional and international diplomatic affairs. Then forging close relations and economic partnerships with all nations, particularly with ASEAN and other regional friends. It’s also helps to promoting peace and stability in the region through capacity building and conflict resolution measures. It’s playing an influential leadership role as Chair of the ASEAN, Non-aligned Movement (NAM) and Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC). Malaysia need participating actively and meaningfully in the United Nations, especially in the efforts to end injustice and oppression, and to uphold international law and projecting Malaysia as a leading example of a tolerant and progressive Islamic nation. They have four instrument of foreign policy to achieving their foreign policy goal such as diplomacy, economic element, propaganda and military
Lastly, but most importantly, understanding the culture and its background provides a valuable insight and an ‘umbrella theme’ of a country. According to Geert Hofstede’s Cultural dimensions, Malaysia has one of the highest power distance index in the world, with one of the lowest uncertainty avoidance index. It is highly related to the beliefs of Islam and this creates a society where leaders have virtually ultimate power and authority, and the rules, laws, and regulations developed by those in power, reinforce their own leadership and control. It is not unusual for new leadership to arise from armed insurrection – the ultimate power, rather than from diplomatic or democratic change .
Hefner, R. W. (2001). The politics of multiculturalism: Pluralism and citizenship in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Malaysia have a Malay culture, a Chinese culture, an Indian culture , a Eurasian culture, along with the cultures. the peninsula and north Borneo. A unified Malaysian culture is something only emerging in the country. The important social distinction in the emergent national culture is between Malay and non-Malay, represented by two groups: the Malay elite that dominates the country's politics, and the largely Chinese middle class whose prosperous lifestyle leads Malaysia's shift to a consumer society. The two groups mostly stay in the urban areas of the Malay Peninsula's west coast, and their sometimes competing, sometimes parallel effect shape the shared life of Malaysia's citizens. Sarawak and Sabah, the two Malaysian states located in north Borneo, tend to be less a influential part of the national culture.
Human rights violations occur on a daily basis in Malaysia. Recently, according to the Associated Press in an article published in The Hindu, an estimated 25,000 protestors rallied on the streets of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, demanding electoral reforms prior to the next national polls (Associted Press, 2012). Police fired “tear gas and water laced with stinging chemicals” into the crowd of protestors as retaliation to violation of pre-set barriers by the protestors (Associted Press, 2012). However, prior to that, there were several hours of peaceful protest. Authorities stated that the demonstrators had no right to use Independent Square, “a symbolically important venue that hosts parades and high-profile celebrations” as their protest site (Associted Press, 2012). Activists feel that the Election Commission is prejudiced citing falsified voter registration lists and concerns regarding Prime Minister Najib Razak’s ruling coalition having an “unfair upper hand” in the elections. (Associted Press, 2012). Although elections do not need to be held until mid-2013, previous rumors state that Najib may dissolve Parliament next month and seek a new mandate in June. Other demands include longer campaigning times and absentee ballot problems, and although Foreign Minister Anifah Aman admits that there are issues, officials feel that many of these concerns are exaggerated (Associted Press, 2012). Although protest concerns merit consideration, primarily, what this event demonstrates is the continued disregard for basic human rights and freedoms in Malaysia.
Q: Since gaining independence in 1957, which social cleavages have been important in shaping the identities of political parties in Malaysia?
Malaysia is a multi-ethnic, multicultural and multilingual society which consist of three major races; the Malays, the Chinese, and the Indians. They are once immigrants who are brought in as workers by the British. The tribal people who lived in Malaysia long before the existence of the three races are known as the Orang Asli which means “Original People”; they populate the East Malaysia more in Sabah (Dayak, Iban, and Bidayuh) and Sarawak (Kadazan) in our current era. There are also other immigrants and expatriates races like Indonesian, Europeans, and etc. Among the three races, the Malay population is the largest. The people in Malaysia lived in harmony in relation with each other, in business, in marriage, and even sharing food amongst themselves in someone’s wedding dinner or
Jali, N.H.M., M. Redzuan, A.A. Saman, and I.H.M. Rashid. 2010. Malaysian Studies: Nationhood and Citizenship. Petaling Jaya: Prentice Hall.
Multiethnic characteristic in Malaysia has made this country full of interesting culture. However, at the early stage of independent, Malaysia is having problems in constituents of national identity and culture as every ethnic is practicing and treasure with their own language, religion and culture and this phenomenon in facts creates a barrier between ethnic and made unity among the nation become hard. Unlike most of the postcolonial nation states, Malaysia is an exception in imposition of assimilationist policies which the construction of a national culture or identity almost always would be based on the dominant ethnic group’s culture with the concurrent marginalization, and usually annihilation, of the minority ethnic groups’ cultures to form a homogeneous national cultures for the country. (Hock Guan, Lee 2000) The results of assimilationist in a multiethnic character post-colonial states are normally significantly improve the relations between the dominant and minority ethnic groups.
To avoid any racial issue from happening, non-Muslims such as Buddhists, Christians and Hindus are allowed to practice their religious activities publicly as well. Malaysia 's constitution Article 11 provides that every person has the right to profess and to practice his or her religion and (subject to applicable laws restricting the propagation of other religions to Muslims) to propagate it. The Constitution also provides that Islam is the religion of the country but other religions may be practiced in peace and harmony (Article 3). One best thing about Malaysia is we have many holidays throughout the year. For example, on Wesak day, Buddhists throughout the country hold prayers at the temples throughout the country to pay homage to Buddha by commemorating his birth, death and enlightenment on this day. On Thaipusam, Hindus pay homage to Lord Muruga and celebrations for over two to three days with drums and music played throughout the day and sometimes into the night and also on Christmas Eve, Christians are having Christmas parade from different churches and denominations at some places in Malaysia. However, it is a controversial issue. People are allowed to practice their religion but are not allowed to share with a Muslim. Government enforce the laws to protect the Muslim because Malaysia is majority Muslims country even though it is a secular country. There were many cases in Malaysia where a group of Muslims held a talk about "Jesus was a prophet" in the public. Personally, I do not think it is appropriate to critic other religion publicly as a weapon to make people confused and method to convert people. It may causes chaos and conflict among the people. Honestly, sometimes, I feel a little unfair that government did not take any action on the prosecution of Christians by Muslims. There was a case that Christians are banned to
Through the implementation of the national culture policy which purpose was to create nation building within the country, determine that the official religion of Malaysia was Islam, the religions that the majority of Malay prescribed to. Much like the parameter of language, the official religion of Malaysia also illustrated the special treatment given to the Malay people. This national culture policy implemented in Malaysia seemed to ignore the religions of other ethnic groups, particularly the Chinese population, which make up a larger portion of Malaysia’s overall population (Wan
Without unity, sovereignty and independence of the country will be lost in a blink of eyes. One of the initiatives in maintaining harmony in a multiracial society is depending on an individual's attitude. This is because the prosperity of a community generally depends on the individual. Each individual should tolerates and respects each other in order to nourish harmony within the society. Every citizen must inculcates moral values in their daily lives. With the pure-practitioner attitude within the community in Malaysia, the life of multi-racial society will always in peace and harmony. For example, we can held an open house to celebrate festivals like Chinese New Year. We should not chase away a neighbor even though they are not of the same religion. We should invite more friends and family to celebrate the festival together without taking the consideration of the differences and