Europe experienced many changes from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. From the medieval to the modern world, Europe experienced changes in politics, social reform, religion, science, in their economy and technology. Europe’s economy is the first part to see dramatic loss as well as gain. From the medieval Europe, we see events such as the Black Death wipe out the population and cause dramatic economical failure as poverty became normal. The events of the Black Death however sparked a huge transformation for Europe as they experienced industrial, labor, land, and capital gains. During this time as well, we see economic changes stimulating the growth of commerce. Capitalism created urban middle class committed to expanding markets. …show more content…
Here we see a lot of technology gains such as the printing press, lifting towers, the musket, hand-mills, and the steam engine. Religious transformation was also a huge changing factor in Europe. Europe saw Catholicism degrade, Martin Luther question salvation, Protestant Reformation, and a divide between the Christian churches. It was then the Great Awakening that swept through the colonies in 1720-1830 that changed the traditional religious beliefs. Science in Europe also saw major advancements. Europe saw the scientific method introduced and applied to astronomy. Scientist such as Galileo continuously made improvements to the telescope, Kepler used Tycho’s data to modify the Copernican heliocentric model that explained elliptical orbits, and the medieval vision of science on the world allowed for growth. Politics also saw major changes in Europe. One of the biggest changes was the introduction of Nationalism. Germany and Italian nationalism led to unification and after the Napoleon Wars, Europe saw the Congress of Vienna divide Italy into territories, Germany into states, and the Ausgliech caused Hungary to
Unlike previous centuries, the eighteenth century was the dawn of a new age in Western Europe where intellectuals thrived, science was honored, and curiosity was encouraged; and the framework of how civil society was changed as a whole. From the dawn of the Enlightenment Western European culture was changing due to the revolutionary new ideas that were changing. With the social change going on, political change was as ever evident as time went on. With these changes rooted in social change went out, the effects of the Enlightenment can be seen over 18th century Western Europe and beyond.
...Landless peasants were now working in factories, the economy was more stable, government and the military was stronger then ever, and Europe was one step closer to more modernized countries.
In the 1450 Europe was isolated and cut off from the Silk Roads. They couldn’t trade goods, technology, wealth , and ideas with them being isolated from the Silk Road. In Europe life was poor and hard for most people. The Catholic Church was the only comfort for people at that time. The Catholic Church gave people from Europe hope in salvation. Only the city-states of the Italian Peninsula had access to the Silk Road. Europe then went at risk to get out of the Dark ages and into the Golden Age (the Renaissance). Europe went on a series of voyages to link them to the world of trading and wealth which became know as The Age of Exploration. Europe wanted to get linked to global trade and wealth, which caused them to go on The age of Exploration. Then the Age of Exploration made more and more people want to travel and trade. It also had an effect on the Renaissance.
The scientific revolution can be considered one of the biggest turning points in European history. Because of new scientific ideas and theories, a new dawn of thinking and questioning of natural elements had evolved. Scientific revolution thinkers such as Newton, Galileo, and Copernicus all saw nature as unknowable and wanted to separate myths from reality. During the scientific revolution during mid 1500-late 1600s, key figures such as Isaac Newton and Nicolaus Copernicus greatly impacted Europe in terms of astronomical discoveries, scientific methods, and the questioning of God to challenge the church’s teachings.
Science, the world’s greatest achievement, has been around for thousands of years. From anatomy to biology, from astronomy to astrology, from physics to quantum physics, all this couldn’t have happened without the help of our ancestors. This was a big step for humankind, many things would be achieved and those things for help the future. Science in medieval Europe underwent numerous changes due in part to inventions and religious beliefs. These advances were reflected throughout European literature, through the renaissance. Inventions that were manufactured made the everyday life easier for people from medieval through the renaissance. Science also challenged a lot of religious beliefs and the church then starting going against science.
...nslation of ancient works. The Renaissance patrons played a role funding scientific investigations as they did for art and literature. The rise of printing provided a faster and less expensive way to circulate knowledge across Europe. Navigational problems were critical in the development of many new scientific instruments, which permitted more acute observations and often led to important new information. These advancements in technology aided in the eventual discovery of the New World. These discoveries led to a new source of wealth for their respective countries. Discoveries in new deposits of gold, silver, sugar can and furs led to even more wealth for the West. It was almost contrary to some of the Renaissance thinking that most of these came on the backs of slave labor or the near destruction of the indigenous people that had these new found resources.
By the sixteenth century, Europe had seen many changes in leadership, arts, sciences and lifestyle. Religion was the next area to make a transformation in European society. For centuries the Catholic Church had been the center of European religion until Martin Luther and John Calvin called for change. Luther and Calvin courageously spoke out against the Catholic Church to show that there were other ways to live a Christian life.
During the Protestant Reformation, religion and politics in Europe underwent drastic change, in a relatively short period of a few hundred years. It began in the early 1500's with Martin Luther's criticism of corruption in the Catholic Church, and from there lead to the official formation of numerous Protestant Christian sects, including Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism, Anabaptism, and many others. The Catholic Church in turn was forced to reconsider some of its own positions in order to remain a relevant and effective power in Europe. These swift, and sometimes sweeping, changes led to the evolution of religious services, music in particular, with each new sect emphasizing certain aspects while de-emphasizing or even removing others
The late Middle Ages was hit by a catastrophic natural disaster that changed the course of Europe’s future. Entire cities were ravaged by the bubonic plague, also known as The Black Death. The Black Plague had a profound impact on Europe’s religious, social, and economic society.
The Italian Renaissance, a period stretching from the end of the 14th century and well into the 16th, marked the transition between medieval and early modern society. Characterised by the new vigour for art and culture, the Renaissance was a time of wealth and prosperity after a century of catastrophe. While dated to begin almost five decades after the major bubonic plague outbreak, the Renaissance can be tied to various socioeconomic factors influenced by the vast mortality rates in Europe, from which some populations had still not recovered. As discussed earlier, the Black Death can be tied to a decline in European feudalism, something that contributed to the growth of individual wealth, allowing a relatively more luxurious lifestyle and a subsequent increased interest in the purchasing of luxury goods. The high demand for decorative art and materialistic expressions of wealth after the poverty-stricken days of past centuries created an illustrious and booming market for goods like spices, gold and decorative art. The importance of this trend cannot be understated, as it resulted in the creation of an entire era of history and was perhaps one of the main motivators in the creation and success of a larger European trade
In conclusion, with the various events that occurred during the Middle Ages, they all show that they developed social, economic and political changes throughout Europe. Although it may have taken a series of fortunate and unfortunate events, the change brought the flourishing age of Renaissance. From the night in shiny armor, comes the flowering of literature, science, art, religion, politics, and most importantly, knowledge by learning.
Many things effected society in Medieval Europe, some having a more profound effect than others. Europe in the Middles ages was a time of learning and of cultural growth, but it was also a time of more serious things such as the Black Death. The way Europe coped with these unforeseen challenges, helped shape their society and culture, and we still learn about them today.
Before the Scientific Revolution, all science came from the Greeks and Romans or the Bible, the Earth was believed to be the center of the universe, and everything was based on the assumptions or observations. After the Renaissance, scientists started to design new technology, they started to do experiments and they also observed the solar system more often. Although most scientific discoveries were against the Catholic church, they changed European attitudes about nature and religion, because of advances in astronomy and science, the human body, and reason.
At first, Western Europe was economically and culturally in turmoil, it wasn’t until long-distance trade from Italian ports on the Mediterranean brought much wealth. Then came the Black Death, a bubonic plague, that wiped out one-third of the population. Due to this massive loss, the economy had been disrupted by the labor shortages. The Renaissance occurred soon after. With the fall of Constantinople, it resulted in scholars arriving from the west and helped city-state's rise. Educational reforms were also introduced and brought about literary
An example of technology is the printing press. The printing press was invented and perfected by Johannes Gutenberg (Printing Press Invention Led to Revolution in the Arts). “The Gutenberg printing press revolutionized book production and helped to foster the development of arts, sciences and religion” (Printing Press Invention Led to Revolution in the Arts). The printing press forever changed how books and papers were made. The Bible was the first thing to be mass produced in volume (Printing Press Invention Led to Revolution in the Arts). Since the Bible was produced in large quantities it was now available for the public. This created the time of the printing