In an effort to improve reporters’ access to the government 's decision-making processes and government-related information, the government holds press offices, news conferences and background briefings (Zhang, 2012). 2. Conclusion (The conclusion should be written out. It should summarize the major points of the paper that support the thesis. It is difficult to write a good conclusion without a good thesis
Abstract In our democratic society, mass media is the driving force of public opinion. Media sources such as Internet, newspaper, news-broadcasts, etc, play significant roles in shaping a person’s understanding and perception about the events occurred in our daily lives. As long as the newspapers, internet, network television, etc, continued to be easily accessible to the public, the media will continue to have an influence in shaping its opinions. Factors such as agenda-setting, framing and priming help shape the public opinions. Agenda-setting is when the media focuses their attention on selected issues on which the public will form opinion on, whereas framing allows the media to select certain aspects about the problem and then make them appear more salient.
Public participation can either enhance or degrade the collective intelligence and wisdom involved in democratic processes such as making collective decisions, solving social problems, and creating shared visions. The principles below offer some guidance for designing wise democratic processes”. Tom Atlee, Co-Intelligence Institute This paper will begin by highlighting aspects of citizen participation showing the advantages and disadvantages it has on the policy process and discuss how citizen participation in the policy making pro... ... middle of paper ... ...ention on specific issues”. Bowen (2004), in his article also mentioned, “public hearings” these are similar the is a real life forum at which the public “can make formal statements about the issue at hand”. Oral statements are often conducted by written, short arguments; “a panel representing the sponsoring agency may ask questions of the presenter.
Indeed, in the ‘Digital Age’, Thompson’s argument can be compared to the power of media in the world of the Internet, highlighting the formation of new social interactions in a place in which individuals do not have to be physically present to communicate and debate. Therefore, it is clear that elements of media and popular culture, such as social networking sites, obtain significant agency and power. The power of the media is clearly evident in the agency awarded to news broadcasters. As the place from which the general populous’ information is traditionally gained, news broadcasts have the signi... ... middle of paper ... ...standing of news broadcast and the concept of the celebrity. Popular culture and media are deeply ingrained in contemporary society.
Furthermore, Dr. Anthony Curtis, professor for the department of mass communications at University of North Carolina at Pembroke explained that, we as a society rely on the media for, “for the current news and facts about what is important and what we should be aware of, and “We trust the media as an authority for news, information, education and entertainment; considering that powerful influence, then, we should know how it really works” (Curtis). Society depends on th... ... middle of paper ... ...icate and interact with other people, both individually and in groups. Inquiring this skill is not only just important in this career field but others as well. Being able to have healthy relationships with co-workers, or bosses, is what brings about promotions. Furthermore, being great with this skill can lead to meeting the right people, and when starting out as a young broadcaster and even as an experienced reporter, it opens doors to many great things.
'News is what an authorit... ... middle of paper ... ... finding news sotries could also be charity societies, community groups, regulatory bodies, pubs, noticeboards, news releases, hospitals, council departments, etc. Information is everywhere, all a journalists have to do is go, get it and transform it into their own 'masterpiece'(Harcup: 2004; Hicks: 2008; Shoemaker: 2006; Cole: 2010). To me, journalism seems to be one of the most exciting jobs in this world. When working as a journalist you get the chance to meet powerful, interesting and ispiring people, heroes, vilians and celebrities. Journalists indeed inform the society about itself and are concerned with 'making public that which would otherwise be private' (Harcup: 2004: 2).
Mostly mass communication researchers in media content are exploring the ways how news is shaped, by different influences and obstacles. Political communication professor from Amsterdam Claes H. de Vreese notes, “communication is not static, but more dynamic process that involves frame – building, and frame – setting between frames and audience. The model of reality construction has significant involvement for conceptualizing framing as a theory of media effects. Media frames also works for journalists allowing to quickly identify and classify information to relay to their audiences (Gitlin, 1980:7; quoted by Scheufele 1999:106). It is important also to divide and explain framing concepts which can be specified as media frames and individual frames.
It helps to influence and convince the people to make a right choice for their country. Through creativity, research and budget, advertisers and advertising agencies and choose different kind of medium to reach their target market. The mediums are divided into two categories; the traditional media and the new media. Every medium have their own style and uniqueness in reaching out the audience, readers, viewers and listeners. There are very fe... ... middle of paper ... ...ies, allow customers to praise or condemn your company based on their personal experiences.
PUBLIC RELATIONS 1 WHAT IS PULIC RELATIONS? 1.1 PR = EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION What is public relations? PRIA (2014) defined that it is the process to build, maintain and reinforce mutual understanding between an organization or individual and its publics by the designed, planned and sustained effort. Also, it can be understood as a practice of managing the flow of information between an organization or individual and the public. (Grunig& Hunt 1984) However, these two definitions cannot fully describe the term of “public relations”.
If the definition of media literacy is “the ability of citizens to use, understand and create communications”, then it is not unreasonable to say that the Arab Spring has use it to extreme, which even leads to the revolutionary wave of social changes. The revolutions of the Arab Spring were remarkable not only for the unexpected defiance of seemingly stable dictatorial orders, but because the Arab Spring has been hailed by NPR, the Washington Times, and numerous others, as ‘‘the social media revolution’’(Halverson et al., 2013). There is no doubt that social media is one of the indispensable elements that makes the Arab Spring possible. A number of studies have looked specifically at the relationship between social media and the Arab Spring. In general, two sides of the debate are formed.