The maxillofacial trauma is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and remains a common health problem. Maxillofacial fractures may present as isolated or a part of polytrauma in hospitals. 1,2 A variety of concomitant fatal injuries may be experienced by the patients with such facial injuries along with functional, psychological and aesthetical impairments. 3 Consequently, this has resulted as a considerable social and economic burden in society, because these injuries may diminish and negatively influence the productivity, social well being and quality of life of affected patients. 1 The studies performed regarding the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures has yielded diverse causes, incidence and fracture patterns which vary significantly with era, cultural, socioeconomic …show more content…
6(7) Owing to their frequent and usual engagement in outdoor and risky activities, young adult men the ones who are more vulnerable to facial trauma. 8 Since the last few decades, a decline and decreased preference has been demonstrated towards the use closed reduction and indirect fixation (CRIF) and wire osteosynthesis techniques. On the contrary, the use of miniplates fixation through ORIF technique has been strongly advocated as the treatment of choice, whenever possible. This treatment modality has proved and shown improved oral hygiene, mouth opening, better speech and patient’s earlier return to function and work. 9,10 Over the years, the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures keeps changing and new trends in etiology, pattern of presentation and management are constantly evolving. This, therefore, necessitates a constant appraisal of these injuries in order to keep abreast with recent developments and changing pattern of their
Dentistry is a fascinating profession for its approach to patients, restoring function as well as es-thetic. I believe that Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the most important specialty in dentistry and medicine which combines art with science. It is appealing when patients leave the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) clinics not only with good function and esthetic, but also in a better psychological status. And I find the AAOMS’s motto “Saving Faces.. Changing Lives..” very insi...
Head injury is about damage to any of the structures of the head as a result of trauma. It is most often used to refer to an injury to the brain. Head injury involves the bones, muscles, blood vessels, skin, and other organs of the face or head. The injury may be only a minor bump on the skull or a serious brain injury. Head injury can be either closed or opened. Head injuries either will cause bleeding within the skull or damage on the scalp and surface of the head. These injuries may be in the form of lacerations, bumps, or bruises. There are four main type of head injury, there are closed injury, open injury, concussion, scalp wound.
Dentistry as a profession over the years has evolved rapidly in light of new scientific evidence. Rapidly evolving science and technology have implemented changes within dentistry as evidenced by new standards and guidelines being produced by nationally recognised associations including National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) in Scotland, in provision of new scientific evidence. The latest standards and guidelines produced, endorse everyday clinical practice through evidence based dentistry (REF). All dental professionals as part of continued professional development are expected to keep to date on relevant guidelines and knowledge related to their practice (REF). This is supported by the General Dental Council who state all clinicians must maintain their professional knowledge and competence throughout their working career (REF).
Nevertheless, it may also lead to mandibular fracture. Bone strength reflects the integration of 2 main features: bone density and bone quality.”(3). probably the only clinically applicable index of bone quality at present is a patient’s history of a fragility fracture. In the absence of methods of measuring bone quality, the diagnosis of osteoporosis tends to be made on the basis of low bone density. (Note: The World Health Organization (WHO) (4) defines fragility fracture as “a fracture caused by injury that would be insufficient to fracture normal bone: the result of reduced compressive and/or torsional strength of bone.” Clinically, a fragility fracture may be defined as one that occurs as a result of minimal trauma, such as a fall from a standing height or less, or no identifiable trauma
Osteoporosis was first mentioned by Sir Astley Paston Cooper. Other common symptoms include gum disease, tooth decay, premature graying of hair, arthritis, low back pain, leg cramps, and nail growth. Fragility fracture occurs when a person falls from a standing position or a low height and breaks a bone that would not break in a person with a healthy bone. Heritability of bone mass estimated to account for 60-90% of its variance (Kaczkowsi, 2013).
Through histologic examination, there was no evidence of osteogenesis nor cementogenesis after flap debridement procedure, meaning that wound healing from such procedure is tissue repair rather than tissue regeneration. The clinical significance of such repair can be explained through the other study from the same group of researchers, by Froum et al., which also observed the healing response after open flap debridement with re-entries of the surgical sites after 6 to 7 months of healing. Clinical observation revealed a mean of 3.3mm of pocket depth reduction which consisted of an average of 1.4mm of clinical attachment level gain, and a mean 2mm of gingival recession, meaning the gingival margin had an apical shift after surgery. The osseous defect depth possessed a 2mm reduction, which is the combination of 1.2mm bone fill and 0.8mm of crestal bone resorption on average. The authors concluded that favorable healing response is positively correlated with frequent maintenance visits and proper plaque
Healthcare is a necessity to sustain society. Dentistry is an area of healthcare that I feel extremely passionate about because access to proper dental care is limited, especially in the underserved communities. As an African American, I want to become a dentist and healthcare provider in the hopes of helping patients and adding to the diversification of the field. With a growing minority population in the United States, it has become apparent that there is a shortage of black dentists. This is problematic because underrepresented minorities are in great need of access to culturally connected dentists who understand their clinical needs as much as their lives and their challenges. I believe that when the profession includes a range of ethnicities
Picture yourself with a toothache or someone with poor hygiene and knowing you cannot do anything to change it without a dentist. A dentist is specialized individual that treats the diseases and conditions that affect the oral cavity.
Orthodontic treatment can greatly improve ones’ self-esteem, attitude, and make ones’ life happier. A beautiful smile can always brighten someone day tremendously. The benefits of orthodontic treatment go beyond the apparent physical changes of an important and straighter smile; it is likewise a great way to mend a person’s overall self-image. Having a beautiful straight smile is imperative, even more important is the essential to alleviate any possible health problems associated with the teeth or jaw. Crooked teeth, poor eating and oral hygiene habits, or jaw problems may contribute to improper cleaning of teeth, leading to tooth decay and, possibly, gum disease or total tooth loss. Over time, excessive strain on gum tissue and the bone that maintenances the teeth may harm the jaw joints leading to problems such as headaches or face and neck pain. Orthodontic problems that go untreated can lead to abnormal wear of tooth surfaces, chewing and digestion difficulties, speech impairments, and self -esteem problems (www.grorthodontics.com).
1. It was emotional and verbal abuse by someone I thought really cared for me.
Fibular fractures may be complete or incomplete fractures. Fibula fractures may occur anywhere along the bone. The fracture we are trying to fixate is a complete fracture. Fractures occur when a force is placed on the bone that is greater than it can withstand, and when a fracture does occur in the fibula, it’s usually at the same time as the tibia. When only the fibula fractures, it is usually because of a direct blow to the side of the leg or an extreme sideways bend at the ankle or knee. Some other common causes of fibular fracture include, direct hit from doing contact sports such as hockey or lacrosse, stress fracture; weakening of the bone from repeated stress, or indirect injury, caused by twisting, turning quickly, or violent muscle contraction. Tripping, falling or impact during an accident are also major causes of fibular
Norvell, J. G. (2013, June 11). Tibia and Fibula Fracture Clinical Presentation. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/826304-clinical
Blunt force trauma is defined as a traumatic event caused by the introduction of any blunt instrument forcefully, causing injury to the body or head. The Severity of injury is determined by various factors. It may be due to mechanical force such as compression, traction, torsion or shear. Impact of the injury and severity depends on object and movement of victim. Injuries occurred may be internal such as lacerations of internal tissues, organs, fractures of bones or may be external such as abrasion, avulsion, contusion and laceration (Pollak & Saukko, 2009). Severity also depends on anatomical site impacted for ex: Lacerations have irregular margin, hanging causes abrasions, contusions and hyoid bone fractures, Ocular hemorrhages in case of blunt trauma to eyes or Fracture of ribs when hit on chest by a blunt object (Ressel, Hetzel, & Ricci, 2016). Severity is also determined by the duration of time and amount of force applied. Nature of trauma is of importance in forensic medicine. It helps in
Head injuries are very serious and dangerous. Some head injuries can cause neurological brain damage. They are commonly found in the sports world, putting athletes at risk. There are a lot of head injuries that are dangerous or could cause serious damage brain and in turn, the body. Because of this, precautions, rules, and guidelines need to be in place to prevent and treat these athletes. If these things are not put in place, it could mean the difference between life and death for these athletes. There are many different injuries that can occur to the head and face. Facial injuries can be very dangerous as it can concern the eyes nose and mouth.
Cosmetic dentistry is a specialized field that deals with improving the aesthetics of teeth and the human face. The teeth are an important part of human beauty. Even minor damage to the teeth, such as breakage or loss can drastically alter the overall appearance of the face. This is where cosmetic dentistry comes in to restore beauty. Cosmetic dentistry has become a highly specialized branch due to various advancements in surgical procedures and diagnostic techniques. Several new materials have also been discovered. These materials are very close to the natural enamel and bone from which teeth are made and are virtually indistinguishable. Cosmetic dentistry is an option in conditions such as teeth loss, gaps between teeth, cracked or chipped teeth, cavities and dental