This report is a documentation of my work as a part of my internship at Nissan Ashok Leyland Technologies Ltd. The work initially involved the study and analysis of Real World Driving Cycles to decide on the parameters to be considered for the development of a half an hour drive duty cycle. This duty cycle is used for testing various vehicle parameters on the Chassis Dynamometer. The duty cycle duration is typically limited to reduce per-vehicle test costs. The various parameters that affect the resulting condensed cycle are considered based on various studies in the preparation of a condensed cycle. The original full cycle and the condensed cycle are then run in “Cruise” software and the results are compared. It was observed that the similarity in the results between the on road cycle and the condensed cycle was proportional to the similarity in the individual parameters for both the cycles.
The on road velocity profile is taken as the input for the MATLAB code. Parameters like acceleration and rate of acceleration were found out. Reference values were set for velocity and acceleration to distinguish accelerating, decelerating, idling and cruising intervals. The interval (profile) between two consecutive idling periods was identified as a micro-trip. The condensed cycle was created by combining selected micro trips. Originally in the excel sheet which was developed for the same purpose of creating a condensed cycle similar procedure was followed. But the main disadvantage of doing in Excel is that the selection of micro trips had to be done manually and the percentage error between the original and condensed cycles used to be high. These problems were given consideration. Also additional parameters were included for the selectio...
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...on map. So the condensation map was generated for all the individual micro trips. The percentage occurrence of engine in all the regions was calculated. The percentage based condensation maps for the individual micro trips and the full cycle were compared and the condensed cycle was selected on a cumulative basis.
The next stage of the project involved the determination of the vehicle fuel economy. For this the SFC map of the vehicle was studied. As the map cannot be directly given as input, it was seen that the fuel consumption at various rpms and torques was given as input in Cruise. For the rest of rpms and torques the value was interpolated from the data we have. So we could find the fuel consumption at each second of the vehicle travel as we had both the engine torque and rpm. The consumption at each point was summed up to get the F.E. for the complete cycle.
The faster the wheels spin, the faster the car will go. Our project requires our car to go at least 3 meters. Our initial trials were successful because our car went 7,8, and then 9 meters. The car went 7 meters in 8 seconds with a speed of 0.875 m/s. It went 8 meters in 10 seconds with a speed of 0.8 m/s. It finally went 9 meters in 12 seconds with a speed of 0.75 m/s. It is what makes the wheel spin instead of just sliding on the ground.
Some where out there in the world, is a person who believes that driving a car in all four seasons is a piece of cake. But we all know thats not the truth. When it comes to both Winter and summer, they both have different temperatures and road conditions. In this paper I will be comparing and contrasting driving in both winter and in summer.
Driven in large part by global initiatives and the potential for stringent regulations, the past decade or two has seen a marked increase in the importance of improvements with respect to environmental standards, including emissions and increases in fuel economy. In 2002, Cummins Emissions Solutions was launched after the need was identified for an emission solution that would help engines meet future regulations. In 2006, Cummins pioneered a hybrid diesel-electric bus which reduced fuel consumption and greenhouse gasses by more than 30 percent and me...
From working out how much fuel has been used I can work out how much
7 the data we obtained from BMW with research in the library and on-line. We then developed a
the length of the slope can be used to calculate the speed of the car
drivers travelling at high speeds on roads (Hartman). To conserve fuel and save lives, the
Cars are a fantastic invention. They make our lives even more carefree by getting us from place to place quickly while eradicating the need for legs altogether. There is no doubt that the benefits of driving from place to place are numerous. However, driving takes a whole lot of fuel, and everyone knows that fuel for cars isn’t the most plentiful (or cheapest!) of resources.
It is no doubt that automobiles have become a way of life in the current society besides the transport sector contributing immensely to the economic growth of every cou...
Climate change has been one of the most discussed issues in these modern days. It is prove on many researches that the increase in man-made green house gas emission can significantly affect the climate in the world, on every part of the globe. In the last few years, climate change has become the most researched subject in science. The reason is that because climate change can affect significantly to the earth and it has to be taken care of. In a business world, particularly in Automotive Industry, climate change is also one of the must discussed subject, and because of automobile is one of the factors that produce the most CO2 (Carbon dioxide), it become one issue that force automotive industry to change their product to reduce the amount of CO2 emission.
Environmental concerns have been raised from time to time because of the dependency on the gasoline-fueled engine as the chief auto powertrain technology. This has resulted in exposing many automobile users to unpredictable prices of fuel. These issues were, however, the reason for the inception of Tesla Motors so as to bring into existence another set of automotive which serves the similar purpose; but uses another form of energy that being electricity to drive them instead of the disadvantageous gasoline-powered engine. This invention was influenced by a number of factors in terms of their planning and performance (Hunger, 2010).
In my undergraduate years, I have acquired a strong background in the fundamentals of basic mechanical engineering, having studied subjects such as Strength of Materials, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Heat and Mass Transfer, Design of Machine Elements and Automobile Engineering. Whilst pursuing my diploma & degree courses, my interest for Automotive Engineering grew even more having learnt more on the different types of internal combustion engines, their configuration and importance. However, what I lacked was a practical understanding on these core areas of Automotive Engineering. To gain a better understandi...
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
Vehicles in this day and time are nothing like what they used to be. Over half of the car manufacturers are now trying to build new cars and trucks to be as fuel efficient as they can be. Although hybrids conserve more gas than standard vehicles do, they use gas, also. Hybrids do not use as much gas as the ol...