Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Use in Adolescents: What are the Benefits? The high rates of unintended pregnancy are a concern in the United States and remain higher than in other developed countries. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2013) defines unintended pregnancy as “a pregnancy that is mistimed, unplanned, or unwanted at the time of conception”. An estimated fifty percent of all pregnancies in the US are unintended. These pregnancies result in 1.2 million abortions per year in our nation and are associated with an increased risk of health problems for both the woman and the newborns.
(Gene Clinics, 2000). The number of mutations found on the BRCA1 gene is different than those found on the BRCA 2 gene. The prevalence of cancer predisposing BRCA1 mutations in the general population is estimated to be between one out of five hundred and one out of a thousand cases. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations indicate that elevated breast cancer risks begin in the late twenties and early thirties. Doctors normally recommend that women began yearly mammograms at the age of fifty.
(Article, HIV InSite, hivinsite.ucsf.edu/medical). "US Public Health Recommendations for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Counseling and Voluntary Testing for Pregnant Women." US Department of Health & Human Services—Public Health Service. July 7, 1995. (Article, HIV InSite, hivinsite.ucsf.edu/medical/).
A review of nursing interventions to foster becoming a mother. JOGNN: Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 35(5), 568-582. Retrieved from CINAHL Plus with Full Text database. Poster, E. (1984). Human Responses to Child Bearing.
Breastfeeding rates are continually increasing. The nutritional benefit of breast over formula is a long established fact. “According to the latest numbers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, breastfeeding rates improved nationwide in 2000-2008, and some of the greatest improvement was among black women. However, only about 59 percent of black mothers breastfed in 2008, compared to 80 percent of Hispanic mothers and about 75 percent of white mothers. For 2008 rates of breastfeeding at a baby’s first birthday, the number was about 23 percent overall but only 12.5 percent for black mothers.
(n.d.). Retrieved from http://nursing.unm.edu/alumni-and-friends/daa-profiles/ramona-mercer.html ] Mercer, R. (1995). Becoming a mother: Research on maternal identity from Rubin to present. New York: Springer.
Treating Breast Cancer . Retrieved from Elibrary Michaud, L. B. (May 15, 2008). Treatment-experienced breast cancer. (SYMPOSIUM)(Clinical report).American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 65, 10. p.S4(6).
Pregnancy Complications. New York: Journal of American Medical Association. Johanson, R.B., and Menon, V. J. (1999). Vacuum extraction versus forceps for assisted vaginal delivery (Cochrane Review).
9. Jaffe R, Jauniaux E, Hustin J. Maternal circulation in the first-trimester human placenta--myth or reality? American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 1997; 176:695-705.
Breastfeeding and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of epidemiologic studies. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23966430 Ricci, S.S. (2013). Essentials of Maternity, Newborn, and Women’s Health Nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.