Martin Luther
Martin Luther was a German theologian and religious reformer, who started the
Protestant Reformation, and whose vast influence during his time period made him one of the crucial figures in modern European history. Luther was born in
Eisleben on November 10, 1483 and was descended from the peasantry, a fact that he often stressed. Hans Luther, his father, was a copper miner. Luther received a sound primary and secondary education at Mansfeld, Magdeburg, and Eisenach. In
1501, at the age of 17, he enrolled at the University of Erfurt, receiving a bachelor's degree in 1502 and a master's degree in 1505 . He then intended to study law, as his father had wished. In the summer of 1505, he abandoned his studies and his law plans, sold his books, and entered the Augustinian monastery in Erfurt. The decision surprised his friends and appalled his father. Later in his life, Luther explained his suprising decision by recollecting several brushes with death that had occurred at the time, making him aware of the fleeting character of life. In the monastery he observed the rules imposed on a novice but did not find the peace in God he had expected. Nevertheless, Luther made his profession as a monk in the fall of 1506, and his superiors selected him for the priesthood. Ordained in 1507, he approached his first celebration of the mass with awe. After his ordination, Luther was asked to study theology in order to become a professor at one of the many new German universities staffed by monks. In 1508 he was assigned by Johann von Staupitz, vicar-general of the
Augustinians and a friend and counselor, to the new University of Wittenberg
(founded in 1502) to give introductory lectures in moral philosophy. He received his bachelor's degree in theology in 1509 and returned to Erfurt, where he taught and studied.
In November 1510, on behalf of seven Augustinian monasteries, he made a visit to Rome, where he performed the religious duties customary for a pious visitor and was shocked by the worldliness of the Roman clergy. Soon after resuming his duties in Erfurt, he was reassigned to Wittenberg and asked to study for the degree of doctor of theology. In 1512, after receiving his doctorate, he took over the chair of biblical theology which he held till his death.
Although still uncertain of God's love and his own salvation, Luther was active as a preacher, teacher...
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...ependence of rulers from papal supervision won him the support of many princes. His fame made
Wittenberg an intellectual center.
By 1537, Luther's health had begun to deteriorate, and he felt burdened by the resurgence of the papacy and by what he perceived as an attempt by Jews to take advantage of the confusion among Christians and reopen the question of
Jesus' messiahship. Apprehensive about his own responsibility for this situation, he wrote a violent polemic against the Jews, as well as polemics against the papacy and the radical wing of the reformers, the Anabaptists. In the winter of
1546, Luther was asked to settle a controversy between two young counts who ruled the area of Mansfeld, where he had been born. Old and sick, he went there, resolved the conflict, and died on February 18, 1546, in Eisleben. Luther left behind a movement that quickly spread throughout the Western world. His doctrines, especially justification by faith and the final authority of the
Bible, were adopted by other reformers and are shared by many Protestant denominations today. As the founder of the 16th-century Reformation, he is one of the major figures of Christianity and of Western civilization.
Wade states, “America and Jimmy turn out to be just another, gentler, form of silencing (15).” The moment when Jimmy passes away embarks the new beginning of Winnie living on her own. She becomes the figure of the household, working tremendously hard to raise her two children. Winnie is portrayed as an independent woman. Although Winnie speaks broken ungrammatical English, Pearl still finds “it her duty to listen to her mother (6).” Hence, Winnie finds it difficult verbally express her past to her daughter. Nonetheless, she ultimately discloses that Pearl is the result of Wen Fu’s rape not a symbol of Jimmie’s love. Wade believes that “Winnie has power in her speech to change the reality of others, she also allows others to shape her reality (17).” Pearl thinks of her mother as a fighter, who witnessed the pain of Wen Fu’s existence in her characteristics, her temper and behavior matched with his quite often. This allows restrained Pearl to open up about her multiple sclerosis condition. By speaking what is on her own mind, she motivates Winnie to no longer hold back upon what she is afraid to reveal. She promotes awareness develops the confident side Pearl to talk more by giving her the statue of the Kitchen God’s wife, who was originally forgotten and voiceless after her husband a mistress. Due to the fact that she has faced many hardships in her life, Winnie gives Pearl the statue and tells her: “She is telling you to speak. She will listen (17-18).” She describes the Kitchen God’s wife as “Lady Sorrow Free, happiness winning over bitterness, no regrets in the world (18).” Wade uncovers that the name change of the Kitchen God’s wife “not only restores Guo’s identity, but symbolizes both Winnie’s and Pearl’s final restoration as well (18).” Both women are not mind-readers, through the means of delivering
Readers have been fascinated with Hermann Hesse’s Siddhartha for decades. Written in 1951, Hesse’s most famous novel provides the reader with a work of literature that, “presents a remarkable exploration of the deepest philosophical and spiritual dimensions of human existence” (Bennett n.p). Siddhartha takes place in India while the Buddha has first began his teachings. The book follows the life of a man by the name of Siddhartha, on his journey to reach enlightenment. The main theme in Siddhartha is reaching enlightenment without the guidance of a teacher or mentor. Siddhartha believes that he must learn from himself, and the guidance of another teacher will only distort his goals of reaching enlightenment. Siddhartha says that he must, “learn from myself, be a pupil of myself: I shall get to know, myself, the mystery of Siddhartha” (Hesse 36). On Siddhartha’s journey to reach Nirvana, the highest level of peace in the Buddhist culture, he undergoes three stages all of which are critical in helping Siddhartha find peace within himself.
After determining that the life of the Brahmins was not fulfilling, Siddhartha decides to follow the Samanas with his best friend Govinda (Hesse, 6-11). Siddhartha and Govinda shadow the ways of the Samanas until Siddhartha announces that he will be leaving them soon (Hesse 16-20). Siddhartha and Govinda hear that they will be able to hear the Buddha, which they then decide to tell one of the eldest Samanas about their departure, and he becomes immediately upset (Hesse 20-23). This illustrates that Siddhartha followed what he believed was going to be the way to achieve ‘oneness’ despite what anyone thought. Siddhartha and Govinda go out to find the Buddha to hear his teaching, while Govinda finds comfort in it and decides to follow him; Siddhartha is not so convinced and the friends part ways (Hesse 28-34). Even though
University of Pisa on May 1st 1647. On April 26, 1648 he registered at the Collegio
When Siddhartha was about 29 he saw a series of images that opened his eyes to the preciousness of human life. He saw an ill man, an elderly man, a dead body and a holy man. These images inspired him to try and reach enlightenment (“Buddha” Reynolds). Siddhartha had many questions about life outside the palace, which led him on many explorations. His journeys led him to leave the palace to live a life of abstinence (Editors of Biography.com). For six years Siddhartha lived a life of fasting, meditation. Five religious people followed him in his ways of life (Editors of Biography.com). When none of these things helped him reach enlightenment, he fasted more vigorously. One day, a bowl of rice was offered to him by a little girl, he soon realized that none of his previous attempts were working so he ate the rice and abandoned that way of life (Editors of
of his father and his father before him. He came to a certain point in his life where one
His grandfathers were the first people to notice his display of talent for prophecy when Nostradamus was very young. His grandfathers taught him a wide range of subjects: classical literature, history, medicine, astrology, and herbal folk medicine. At the age of fourteen, he went to study in the city of Avignon. In 1522, at the age of nineteen, he enrolled in the University of Montpellier as a medical student. After only three years, he passed the oral and written examinations for his degree (Hogue 12-5).
been provided for, and in 1702 he enrolled as a law student at the University of Halle.
Siddhartha, written by Herman Hesse, is a novel about a man's progression towards his goal to center his life with a combination of peace and balance. Many of the displayed philosophies can be applied to today's world. Through my reading, I noticed many similarities between my life and Siddhartha's. First, Siddhartha felt a need for independence, that to truly be happy with his success, he must attain his achievements in his own way, and not others. Even though, he feels he must acquire this by himself, he tries to be as removed from his human side as possible. Only later does he learn that individuality and freedom from necessity must be united to procure his objectives and free him from his imperfections. Second, Siddhartha discovers that things and riches do not bring happiness. They are only temporary. No matter the extent of wealth a person has this never satisfies the insatiable need for possessions. Lastly, Siddhartha found that balance is the key to peace and happiness. Although a simplistic teaching, it is very complex to learn and apply. In my life, I can relate to his path and lessons, because I feel the same struggles and battles with attaining serenity.
The famous speech of Martin Luther King The famous speech, “ I Have a Dream”, was held in 1963 by a powerful leader of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s. He was born January 15, 1929, the son of an Atlanta Pastor. Martin Luther King Jr. always insisted on nonviolent resistance and always tried to persuade others with his nonviolent beliefs. In 1963, King spoke from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and almost 200,000 people attended his speech. All his listeners were Civil Rights supporters who rallied behind him and the people who watched his appearance on television.
Since it was the age of the Inquisition and the family were converted from Judaism to the Catholic faith by the time Nostradamus was nine years old, his parents were quite worried, because as ex-Jews they were more vulnerable than most. So they sent him of to study medicine at Montpellier in 1522.
In 1486, Erasmus continued his schooling at monasteries at Emmaus, where he devoted his studies to the ancient classics. He also had religious training while studying at Saint Jerome and Lorenzo Valla. His devotion to studies resulted in the opportunity of a lifetime. In 1491, the Bishop of Cambrai chose Erasmus to accompany him as both his secretary...
At the beginning of the book Siddhartha is in training to become a Brahmin and follow in the footsteps of his father. He is a promising young student who has everything going for him but he is secretly unsatisfied and feels that the path he is taking will not lead him to achieving enlightenment. Siddhartha feels he has already learned everything he can from his father and the surrounding community. He confides in his best friend and travel companion throughout the book, Govinda, and together they end up joining a group of Samanas. Siddhartha’s father is very unhappy but Siddhartha cannot be swayed and he leaves with the Samanas.
However repugnant he was on the outside, when Frankenstein’s creature begins to tell his tale of sorrow and rejection the creature does not seem to be monstrous. Although rejected multiple times by the humans around him when he finds a family in poverty and “suffering the pangs ...
While he was at King’s School, Marlowe studied religious instruction, learned Latin grammar, and Latin and Greek Literature. He was also well studied in ancient and modern history and was encouraged to write Latin poetry and perform plays in Latin and Greek. Upon finishing King’s School, he received a Matthew Parker Scholarship to Corpus Christi College in Cambridge, where he attended from 1580-1587 to further his studies and demonstrate a “mastery of Latin syntax and grammar.” He received his BA in 1584 to become ‘Dominus’ Marlowe ("The Life").