Introduction
This essay have objectives to specify the trend topic in biogeochemistry study and elaborate the development of this study specially in Indonesia. The main goals are to determine the opportunity of biogeochemistry research in Indonesia marine waters and define the new focus in oceanography study.
The essay itself is presented in the following outline. The first part is the discussion about the world trend topic in biogeochemistry using bibliometric study. The next part is discussed about study of biogeochemistry in South East Asia and surround. The information regarding the Indonesia marine waters, especially about oceanography condition including an information about Indonesian trough-flow are discussed in the next part, following by the discussion about oceanology research in Indonesia. As the last part, the essay focus on defining the opportunity of biogeochemistry research in Indonesia.
Finally, discussions and constructive criticisms are welcome since the essay is far from perfect. Any ideas and critics are welcome to be addressed to the author through direct discussion or correspondence.
The world research trend in marine biogeochemistry
Topic related to biogeochemistry has been become a major study of the scientific community in every point of view. A trend analysis using bibliometric was used in order to know world research trend in biogeochemistry. The trend analysis itself has been widely applied for many disciplines, from medicine to computer to social science (Hoonlor et al. 2013). Bibliometric analysis also one of the method which has been widely applied (Xie et al. 2008).
Present study apply bibliometry (detail method in Appendix) using the data of Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded/ 1975-present) and Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S/1990-present) from Web of Science – Web of Knowlede Thomson and Reuters (New York -USA). Xie, Zhang and Ho (2008) explained that the databases were frequently used as source for a broad review of scientific accomplishment .
Using topic keyword "marine biogeochemistry" the databases sorted 1270 documents consist of 1083 journal articles and 187 others (proceedings, review, book chapters, etc). Oceanography is the highest Web of Science categories related document (29%, Fig 1a). Those documents were belong to research areas: environmental science and ecology (32%), oceanography (29%), marine-fresh water ecology (26%), and the rest (13%) were in others research area such as marine biology, pollution, etc (Fig 1b).
In order to track the trend, the following 'hot' topic list were applied for comparison (Libes 2009), namely: 1) hydrological cycle, 2) redox chemistry in the context of
The use of a highly debated topic give good reason for someone to give the essay a read without prior knowledge of the underlining message within the essay. As a result of this, one can understand why this eassy was published in this magazine and has received limited
The reduction in photosynthesising biomass led to an increased reliance on the Worlds other carbon sink, Oceans. Between 26-44% of CO2 in the atmosphere is absorbed by oceans by photosynthesising organisms, mainly phytoplankton (Archer, D. and Pierrehumbert, R., 2011), seawater chemically reacts with aqueous Carbon Dioxide, one of the end products is Hydrogen ions (H+) (NOAA, 2013). The increased concentration of H+ results in the ocean becoming more acidic, since pH is determined by concentration of Hydrogen ions.
As certain types of pollution damages our atmosphere, our natural protection from the sun weakens and as a result the Earth gets warmer with time, impacting the temperature of our seas. The unfortunate results of global warming and the co...
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The essay is written in a very critical style where the reader will feel like they have been wast...
Guinotte, J. M. and Fabry, V. J. (2008), Ocean Acidification and Its Potential Effects on Marine Ecosystems. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1134: 320–342. doi: 10.1196/annals.1439.013
Many people feel that biology has become more advanced than physics. Biology has in fact become the new focus of the future as we tend to use it a lot in our daily lives. The study of Biotechnology is known as the branch of molecular biology that studies the use of microorganisms to perform specific industrial processes. This study shows that our lives can be transformed.
Smith, Roland. Conquering Chemsitry: HSC course. 4th ed. Vol. 1. N/A: Cengage Learning Australia, 2010. 74-90. 1 vols. Print.
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"Ocean Pollution." MarineBio Conservation Society ~ Marine Biology, Ocean Life Conservation, Sea Creatures, Biodiversity, Research... Web. 19 May 2014.
More than 45 million chemical compounds are known and the number may increase in million every year, without cheminformatics, the access of these huge amounts of information is very difficult.
Hester, R. and Harrison, R., 2002. Global environmental change. 1st ed. Cambridge, U.K.: Royal Society of Chemistry.
Though many people fail to realize it, chemistry is a subject essential to everyday life, due to the fact that it is the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed. But what we must understand is that everything in the universe is composed of matter, hence chemistry is necessary in learning more about the world and universe that we live in. There are many careers and fields affiliated with chemistry that people pursue to learn more about the composition of the universe, but for now, let us examine the logistics of three of these careers. These three careers involving chemistry are geochemistry, environmental chemistry, and chemical engineering.
Overfishing is the most major problem related to oceans, but it is also the most overlooked. Fishing has been going on for thousands of years, and fish have always been seen as a renewable resource, that would replenish itself forever for our benefit. But around the world there is evidence that fish are not recove...
These results agree with the hypothesis that our “untouched and super-productive world” is affecting marine life ecosystems (Vannela, 2012). All of these results combined confirm the overall hypothesis that pollution is getting worse in the ocean and more marine life ecosystems are being affected, but there