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Rise of communism in china
The background of china under mao zdong
Rise of communism in china
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Mao Zedong had a rough childhood, but eventually managed to get away from his father’s tyranny (Knigge 255). Mao was born on the day of December 26, 1893. As a little child, Mao lived in a small town called Shaoshan. There a disrespectful father constantly harassed the young Mao and the rest of his family. As soon as an occasion came along, the opportunistic Mao left home and joined the Nationalist army when in 1911 the Revolution began. In a training college located in Changsha, Mao was introduced to the philosophy of Marxism (Hoobler 140). The future leader of China had an enormous amount of intelligence that was going to be used in the next couple of years.
The father of Communism came to command in 1935 as chairman of the Party’s Politburo during the Long March. This was achieved because the group "Twenty-eight Bolsheviks", communists who were taught in Moscow, were defeated (Meisner 34). Also, Mao had the support of the farmers, accounting roughly for eighty-five percent of China’s population (Knigge 239). Zhu De, leader of a thousand fighters, combined forces with Mao to fight other peasant armies. Starting from 1928 both practiced guerilla warfare located in the base of Jinggangshan (Meisner 31,32).
The following years were ones where Mao’s rule was strengthened. A huge disadvantage though, was the attack of nationalists, led by Chiang kai-sjek, both involved in a struggle for power of China. The first were fierce periods with unfortunate losses, in favor of the nationalists. Communist were punished badly, in fact many were slaughtered. This describes the legendary Long March of Mao and his supporters, who traveled from the East to the West for over a year in order to escape the nationalists. Here Mao applied the important tactics learned earlier. Eventually only ten percent of the original 200,000 Chinese made it to their
During the Cultural Revolution Mao Zedong , people also knew him as Mao Zedong Tse tung was the Chinese ruler. He ruled the country during this time known as Chairman of the Communist Party of China. Moa was very well educated in Western and Chinese traditions. During the year 1918 Mao Zedong had a job as a librarian assistant at Peking University. He would call himself a Marxist in the of 1920 and he helped found the current Chinese Communist party Communist formed an alliance during 1923 with a man called Sun Ya sen and his Nationalist party. After that Mao Zedong quit the current job he had as a teacher to become a poli...
Mao Zedong was a very influential man in history. He forever changed the face of Chinese politics and life as a whole. His communist views and efforts to modernize China still resonate in the country today. Jonathan Spence’s book titled Mao Zedong is a biography of the great Chinese leader. Spence aims to show how Mao evolved from a poor child in a small rural village, to the leader of a communist nation. The biography is an amazing story of a person’s self determination and the predictability of human nature. The book depicts how a persuasive voice can shape the minds of millions and of people. It also shows the power and strength that a movement in history can make. This biography tells an important part of world history-the communist takeover of China.
Gandhi and Mao Zedong had different ideas when it came to the use of violence. Mao believed that “Force is the midwife of every old society pregnant with a new one.” (reading packet, 12) What this means is that force is absolutely necessary and the outcome of force is violence. Mao is in total agreement with violence and sees the people opposing the movements he is favoring as “paper tigers”. As in, at first, these rebels might seem terrifying, but in reality, they are helpless and harmless. Mao actually blames the Hunan landlords and the higher, wealthier class for a bloody battle between the peasants and the landlords. He said that for a long time now, the wealthier class ha...
In said committee, the CCP (Or Chinese Communist Party) was greatly outnumbered. Thus they gave in to nationalist idealism: “ it [the CCP] numbered more than 300 members in 1922, only 1,...
During the summer of 1941, Chancellor Adolf Hitler initialized “The Final Solution'; to the “Jewish Question';. Hitler started this program because he wanted to create a highly centralized state and one for the master race, Germans. Exterminating Jews was, for Hitler, the only way to create a perfect Germany because it would eliminate the ‘malignant tumors’, the race that caused Germany to lose World War One. Hitler’s decision to start exterminating Jews changed the course of history. In the end, over 6,000,000 Jews were killed and a Jewish state known as Israel, evolved.
When Li first started school, he had started the path of being a labourer and following Chairman Mao’s rules, but one day that all changed. When he was 11 the headmaster brought
Over the course of history, the strength of China has risen and fallen. At its heights, China stood at the pinnacle of economic and military power; however, by the time of the Second Sino-Japanese war, the nation had significantly declined. At the time, China 's political structure was destabilized by the continued civil war between its Nationalists and Communists. Seeing this political weakness, Japan—the new Asian power—aimed to conquer China. With the invasion of Japanese forces, a wave of oppression and terror spread throughout the country. In this environment, Mao Tse-Tung authored his now infamous book, On Guerilla Warfare. In it, Mao gave his case for the implementation of revolutionary guerrilla forces against the militarily superior Japanese invaders.
Mao's period of communal reform and the establishment of the Communist party from 1949-1976 was needed in order for Deng's individual oriented, capitalist society to thrive. Mao's period encompassed the structure of a true dictatorial communist government. It strove to concentrate on unifying communities to create a strong political backbone while being economically self-sufficient and socially literate and educated in Maoist propaganda. Under Mao's leadership individual wealth was seen as a hindrance to community goals in meeting production quotas and was crushed by such policies as collectivization, land reformation, and movements such as The Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution. Under his rule, modeled under the Stalinist USSR archetype, China raised its masses from poverty and starvation to a standard of living that was considered a substantial upgrade.
The struggle to bring communism resulted in millions of people being killed, especially in China. During China’s Great Leap Forward, a three-year famine broke out that killed more than 20 million people (Strayer, 1049.) Communism also affected the individual by taking away the value of a single citizen. In order to become an equal society, the people’s freedom to do what they want vanished as they had to take orders from the ruler. People were also forced to give up their personal property so that land could be redistributed to a more equal portion to the population (Strayer, 1047.) Lastly, people were forced to give up their traditions and what made them unique, as shown in Mo Bo’s writing “I was a teenage Red Guard.” She describes her experience of joining the Red Guard, which she joined simply to blend in with the other students. She states that, “Everyone wanted to join the Red Guards because nobody wanted to be ‘unqualified’, ‘backward’ and ‘non-revolutionary’” (Bo.) During the time of the Red Guards, people would carry around a small red book to show their loyalty. These books were a symbol of faithfulness and obedience towards Mao and people who did not carry the book with them was viewed as a bad communism and as an enemy towards the
Though these many excepts have discrete arguments, they also share several underlying themes. Of these several themes, of fundamental importance is one of work in philosophy and social science bringing about real change in the world. Throughout his writing he continues to focus upon the individuals that from the world, particularly the oppressed, not just the powerful on whim the lens of social science and particularly history is often pointed. Even for those who do not agree with Marx on his prescription for the world, his determination to improve the conditions of the oppressed is a model we should all strive to emulate.
Joseph Stalin became leader of the USSR after Lenin’s death in 1924. Lenin had a government of abstemious communist government. When Stalin came into government he moved to a radical communist society. He moved away from the somewhat capitalist/communist economy of Lenin time to “modernize” the USSR. He wanted to industrialize and modernize USSR. He had overworked his workers, his people were dying, and most of them in slave labor camps. In fact by doing this Stalin had hindered the USSR and put them even farther back in time.
It was the events between 1946 and 1964 that strengthened communism in China. At the end of World War II, the Nationalist Party (GMD) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) raced for power in China. The chairman of the Communist Party was Mao Zedong and their army was known as the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). The Nationalist’s were led by Chiang Kai-shek and their army was the Kuomintang.
Communism came to power in China in the year 1949 and was dictated by Mao Zedong, who later ordered for all educated men and women of China to be reeducated in the countryside. Lou and the narrator were just two of many thousands to be sent off to be reeducated. Lou and the narrator then meet the Little Chinese Seamstress, and Lou, as well as the narrator to an extend fall in love with her.
Mao was born on December 26, 1893 in Shao Shan, a village in Hunan Province. 3 His family lived in a rural village where for hundreds of years the pattern of everyday life had remained largely unbroken. 4 Mao's father, the son of a "poor peasant," during Mao's childhood however, prospered and become a wealthy land owner and rice dealer. 5 Yet, the structure of Mao's family continued to mirror the rigidity of traditional Chinese society. His father, a strict disciplinarian, demanded filial piety. 6 Forced to do farm labor and study the Chinese classics, Mao was expected to be obedient. On the other hand, Mao remembers his mother was "generous and sympathetic." 7 Mao urged his mother to confront his father but Mao's mother who believed in many traditional ideas replied that "was not the Chinese way." 8 Mao in his interviews with historian Edgar Snow reports how during his childhood he tried to escape this traditional Chinese upbringing by running away from home.
Mao resigned as president of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in April 1959 , after the Great Leap Forward, planning for Chinese production to “overtake Britain in 15 years”, failed and caused a widespread famine in China, where 20-30 million people starved. President Liu and General Secretary Deng began to restore China , while Mao remained ceremonial head of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Liu and Deng introduced many liberal and effective policies , which involved stepping back from communist ideals. Collectivisation and communal cafeterias were abandoned and peasants recommenced private, “capitalist” farming. They even rehabi...