Malaria Essay

However, malaria can also be spread through a transfusion of infected blood or by sharing a needle with an infected person. There are four different species of parasites that cause malaria. They are: n the Plasmodium falciparum (which is the most fatal) n P. vivax, n P. malariae, and n P. ovale. When an infected mosquito bites a person, the parasites enter the bloodstream and travel to the liver. They multiply in the liver, and then travel back into the blood, where they continue to grow and multiply so quickly that they clog blood vessels and rupture blood cells.

Symptoms sometimes follow a pattern of days where the attacks vanish and reoccur again. The period of time when the symptoms come and goes depends on the species of protozoa. For the parasites P. vivax and P. ovale, symptoms come and go for two days, and P. malariae has a three day period. Shivering occurs as well as head and muscle aches. The person infected becomes lethargic.

Yersin was the first to suggest that rats and fleas were the main cause for the spreading of the plague. Symptoms of the plague emerge after one to seven days which include fever, swelling in the regional lymph nodes in the groin, armpit, or neck. In most cases the bacterium spread to the bloodstream and central nervous system resulting in death 100 percent of the time. There are actually three types of plague; the most common was the bubonic plague. “The disease in humans has three clinical forms: bubonic pneumonic and septicemia.

Malaria can be transmitted from one person to another by the bite of an Anopheles mosquito, which is infected. Also malaria is vector-borne. Figure 2 life cycle of a malaria parasite The life cycle of a Plasmodium parasite is very complex as shown in figure 2. The infection starts when an infected female Anopheles mosquito bites an individual, inserting Plasmodium parasites, into the bloodstream in the form of sporozoites. Then the sporozoites rapidly pass in... ... middle of paper ... ...e problems with the bed net is that they have to frequently re-treat roughly every 6 months to a year, this is very problematic to sustain.

Angola Among the four types of parasites of malaria, plasmodium falciparum is the deadliest type. Malaria is usually transmitted from person to person by the bite of a female mosquito genus of the protozoan parasite Anopheles that needs blood for its eggs. Those microscopic parasites are transported via bloodstream to liver. Once they reach the liver, they start to damage the liver’s cell and their reproduction begins. The liver after the attack becomes swollen, causing its cell to burst and consequently, it releases the merozoite which is an egg cell, beginning then their life cycle.

The Disease…………… That lead everyone in for a great awaking. Malaria in humans is caused by a protozoon of the genus Plasmodium and the four subspecies, falciparum, vivax, malariae, and ovale. The species that causes the greatest illness and death in Africa is P. falciparum. The disease is transmitted by the bites of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, of which the Anopheles gambiae complex (the most efficient) is responsible for the transmission of disease in Africa. Fever is the main symptom of malaria.

The disease was spread through an infectious fever caused by the Yersinia pestis, passed on by the rat flea. The infection spread to anyone that had contact with the diseased. The infected found themselves pierced by a pain throughout their whole body. Soon after they developed on their thighs or the upper arms a lump the size of a walnut which some people called them “burn boils.” This then pierced them until the patient violently began vomiting blood. The vomiting of blood persisted without stopping for three days, which didn’t give the victims any time to heal their wounds.

WHAT IS DENGUE FEVER? (& Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever) Dengue is a disease transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. The potentially fatal disease is caused by a group of four viruses that are mosquito born. WHAT ARE THE FOUR DENGUE VIRUSES? Dengue and Dengue Fever are caused by one of four virus serotypes: DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4.

Abstract: Malaria, which has killed more people than those killed by all the war and all the plagues combined, is caused by a small protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium that resides within cells in the bloodstream to mature and avoid detection. There are four main species of Plasmodium that cause malaria. These species of the parasite infect humans and female anopheline mosquitoes at different stages in their life cycle. When an infected female anopheline mosquito feeds upon the blood of the vertebrate, the parasite is transferred through the saliva, into the body of the vertebrate host. Once in the bloodstream the parasite makes its way to the liver and then infects the cells in the liver and in the bloodstream.

Because some mosquitoes contain substances toxic to Plasmodium in their cells, not all species of mosquitoes are vectors of Plasmodium. Although very specific, malaria still causes disruption of over three hundred million people worldwide each year (Cann, 1996). The life cycle of the parasite causing malaria exists between two organisms, humans and the Anopheles mosquito. When a female mosquito bites a human, she injects an anticoagulant saliva which keeps the human bleeding and ensures an even flowing meal for her. When the vector injects her saliva into the human, it also injects ten percent of her sporozoite load.