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Major depressive disorder brief description
major depressive disorder definition essay
what is major depressive disorder essay
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Introduction
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by the presence of one or more major depressive episodes (MDE) without a history of manic, mixed, or hypomanic episodes. Episodes of substance induced mood disorder and mood disorder due to a general medical condition do not count toward a diagnosis of MDD nor do episodes that may be better accounted for by schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. A MDE is defined by a period of at least two weeks during which an individual either experiences a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities. Additionally, a diagnosis of a MDE must involve at least four symptoms derived from a list which includes: changes in appetite or weight, sleep, and psychomotor activity; decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation, plans, or attempts. Over the course of at least two weeks, the symptoms must occur for most of day, nearly every day. Lastly, the MDE must be accompanied by clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).
Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental disorders in the United States. It is estimated that each year nearly 7% of adults will experience MDD. MDD affects individuals of all ages and has an average age of onset of 32 years. MDD affects significantly more women than men, with women being 70% more likely to develop MDD than men (Nation Institute of Mental Health, n.d). MDD is of importance to healthcare providers as it is associated with a number of general medi...
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...ack, I realize that this simple action would have helped to further convey my respect for the patient. Another action that I did not perform at the beginning of the interaction was to properly outline the length of the therapeutic relationship. I was successful in outlining the time frame that I hoped to spend conversing with the patient however I failed to mention that I would only on the unit for one day each week. I did share this information with the patient at the end of our conversation however I feel that it would have been more appropriate to divulge this information at the beginning of our conversation. Recognizing both my strengths and weaknesses during my interaction with the patient will help me to make positive changes in the future and further augment my therapeutic communication skills and thus help me to become a caring and competent nurse.
Major depressive disorder is a mood disorder characterized by the DSM-5 of depressed mood and markedly diminished interest or pleasure in nearly all activities occurring nearly every day, for most of the day, as indicated by a subjective self-report or an observational report from others. Individuals who have depression also tend to experience significant weight loss, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue and loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, diminished ability to concentrate, and recurrent thoughts of death. Most people who suffer from depression usually experience major depressive episodes in unipolar major depression, while some others experience both depressive and manic episodes in bipolar
This disorder is a serious clinical mood disorder in which feelings of sadness, frustration, loss or anger interfere with a person’s everyday life. The exact cause of major depressive disorder is not known, however many researchers believe it is linked to chemical changes in the brain, problems with a person's genes, or a combination of both. It tends to run in families, but can also occur in those with no family history of the disease. As stated in the case study, Andrea’s mother and 3 of her siblings were diagnosed with serious mood disorders or alcohol abuse. Symptoms of MDD may include: irritability, difficulty with concentration, fatigue or lack of energy, feelings of hopelessness and/or helplessness, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or self-hate, social isolation, loss of interest in once pleasurable activities, sleep problems (insomnia or excessive sleeping) and suicidal ideation or behavior. In more severe cases of MDD, patients may experience psychotic symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations. Andrea shows signs of many of these symptoms. She is having hallucinations of people being stabbed and being possessed by the devil. She is
According to the DSM5 major depressive describes a person who is in a depressed mood for most of the day, nearly everyday. The person also has a diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the time. There may be significant weight loss or gain as a result of decrease or increase of appetite, respectively. The person may also experience insomnia or hyper insomnia nearly everyday. There may also be a consistent feeling of fatigue or loss of energy. Usually in major depression, there are feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt. It is also common to have a diminished ability to think, concentrate, or experience indecisiveness. All of these symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. (DSM 5, 160-161)
For this assignment we are asked to research the chosen diagnosis that was selected back in Module 1 for this course. For the paper the chosen diagnosis was Major Depressive Disorder. By utilizing a minimum of five sources we are asked to answer the following questions. We are asked to describe the selected disorder, we also need to identify the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic category and as well as distinguish diagnostic and commonly used terminology. We then are asked to give the causative factors, the diagnosis, and the treatment of the disorder. Last we are asked to provide a survey of current research on this chosen disorder. (Argosy University, Module 3, 2014)
Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.
According to the National Institution of Mental Health (NIMH), major depression is a widely underrecognized and undertreated illness. It is estimated by the National Ag Safety Database (NASD) that over six million people in the United States need professional help for depression.
People of all ages, backgrounds, and walks of life have felt depressed and unhappy at some time in their lives. These periods of sadness usually pass after a short time, but for some people, this feeling can remain for weeks, months, and even years. (1) This prolonged state of unhappiness is called major (or clinical) depression and is characterized by a persistent sad or "empty" mood, loss of interest in favorite activities, difficulty concentrating, and many other symptoms. It is not simply a mental state but an illness that interferes with the way people feel, function, and think.(2)
The DSM-5 establishes that Major Depressive Disorder is characterized by an extremely depressed mood and or loss of pressure, lasting more of the day, nearly every day for at least two weeks. In order to meet the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, one must have at least four additional symptoms of physical or cognitive origin, ranging from significant weight loss when not dieting, weight gain, or a change in appetite; insomnia or hypersomnia, sleep disturbances, restlessness, fatigue, noticeable psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, irritability, and recurrent thoughts of death, suicide ideation, or a suicide attempt. Moreover, clients may experience diminished ability to think or concentrate, and can be the result of clinically significant distress or
"Major Depressive Disorder." The Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Health. Ed. Laurie J. Fundukian and Jeffrey Wilson. 2nd ed. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 2008. 678-685. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 6 Mar. 2011.
Clinical depression is very common. Over nine million Americans are diagnosed with clinical depression at some point in their lives. Many more people suffer from clinical depression because they do not seek treatment. They may feel that depression is a personal weakness, or try to cope with their symptoms alone. On the other hand, some people are comfortable with admitting their symptoms and seeking help. Such a discrepancy may account for the differences in reported cases of depression between men and women, which indicate that more than twice the numbers of women than men are clinically depressed. According to the numbers of reported cases of depression, 25% of women and 10% of men will have one or more episodes of clinical depression during their lifetimes.
Depression is the most common mental health disorder; it affects over 17 million American adults each year. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by at least four symptoms such as changes in sleep, appetite, weight, and psychomotor activity; decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation, thoughts or attempts. “Women are approximately two times more likely than men to suffer from major depression” (Research Agenda for Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors in Women’s Health, 1996) and it has been called the most significant mental health risk for women. Women are more likely to suffer from depression during marriage than if single, unlike men who are more likely to suffer depression when single than married, and increases with the number of children in the house (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p.317). There are many contributing factors to depression in women including but not limited to: hormonal, genetic, infertility, menopause, family responsibilities, gender roles, sexual abuse, work related issues, and financial problems. (National Institute of Mental Health, June 1999). Depression in women is mentally and physically painful but has treatment options available.
I quickly saw what I had been missing as the physician began to interact with her. He bent down by her chair and introduced himself as loudly as he could. He spoke slowly and calmly. Afterwards we had a discussion of what I could have done to improve and why my methods were not effective. I learned each patient is different, depending on his or her age, disabilities, background, and experiences. These differences require the physician to adapt and recognize how to more effectively communication to ultimately help the patient. It was frustrating to accept that a simple conversation was difficult, but this only
Depression comes in nine forms. The most common form of depression is Major Depression. People experiencing major depression may have symptoms of sadness, irritability, and lack of energy, difficulty concentrating, hopelessness, and changes in eating or sleeping habits. Dysthymia, The primary symptom of Dysthymia is down, or sulky mood that can last for weeks. In adolescents and children, the mood can appear that the patient is agitated more than they appear to be depressed and last up to 1 year. Postpartum Depression, can range from moderate to severe in women that have given birth (htt). Seasonal Affective Disorder, (SAD) is a seasonal form depression that is only present during certain times of the year, most often in the winter. Atypical Depression, is a major depression that has many prominent symptoms, including changes in appetite; which in turn affects weight, sleeping patterns, and many of other symptoms. Psychotic Depression, Individuals with psychotic depression h...
The World Health Organization estimates that there are over 350 million people in world who struggle with depression. It is also the leading cause of disability worldwide. Similar to anxiety, depression effects people of all races, ages, and genders however it has been shown that women are more likely to be effected than men. Depression is growing problem. Specifically in America, approximately 17% of adults will suffer through a season of depression at some time in their lives. This rate has been increasing since 1915 and the trend shows that it will continue to do
What is depression? Who are the groups affected by depression? How do people know when they are having signs, and/or symptoms of depression? Depression has numerous signs and symptoms, which means it comes in different shapes and sizes. No one individual is identical when it comes to feeling depressed.