Madagascar

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Madagascar

“Great Red Island”

Background Information Government Formal Name: Republic of Madagascar DTA code: MA

Government Type: Republic Legal System: based on French civil law system and traditional Malagasy law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.

Foreign Relations: Good relations with many countries, especially France, and

the western countries of Africa.

Holidays:

Jan. 1 - New Year’s Day

May 1 - Workers Day

May 24- OAU Day

June 26- Independence Day

Nov 1 - All Saints Day

Dec 25- Christmas

Dec 30- Republic Day

History

The Malagasy are of mixed Malayo-Indonesian and African-Arab ancestry.

Indonesians are believed to have migrated to the island about B.C.E. 700.

Archaeologists have found human remains dating back 2000 years.

Madagascar was a favorite base for sea pirates in the 1600’s and 1700’s,

including the famous Captain Kidd.

The French made the island a protectorate in 1885, and then in 1894-95

ended the monarchy.

In 1908 a colonial administration was set up, to which the Comoro Islands

were attached. In World War II the British occupied Madagascar, which retained

its ties to France. Madagascar became an independent member of the

community in 1960.

Economy

Rated 10th poorest country in the world. Madagascar faces problems of

chronic malnutrition and severe loss of forest cover accompanied by erosion.

Agriculture

Provides almost 80% of exports, 16% of cultivated land is irrigated. Major

crops include, coffee, vanilla, sugar cane, cloves, rice, bananas, peanuts; wide

spread cattle raising; also extensive fishing.

Exports and Imports

Major exports are coffee, vanilla, cloves, and sugar. Main markets are

France, USA, Germany, and Japan.

Major Imports are capital goods, oil, and consumer goods. Main suppliers

are France, Japan, and Germany.

Culture

Society

There are some 20 ethnic groups of which principal ones are the Central Highlanders of mixed Arab, African, MalayoIndonsian ancestry. Other groups include, Comorans, French, and IndoPakistanis.

The estimated population as of July 2000 was 15,506,472 Language Languages are Malagasy and French.

Religion

About 55% hold indigenous beliefs, 40% Christian, and 5% Muslim Currency One Malagasy Franc equals one US dollar

Geography

Location: Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean Area: Slightly less than double the size of Arizona Climate: Tropical along coast, arid in the south Natural Resources: Graphite, Coal, Tar, Stones.

Natural Hazards : Periodic Cyclones Ports: 15 major ports Airports: 105

Major Cities and Points of Interest Capital: Antananarivo The city is built on a Y shaped granite mountain surrounded by rice fields.

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