The Republic of Macedonia, a small country located in the heart of the Balkan Peninsula, declared its independence from Yugoslavia on 8th September 1991. The Republic of Macedonia now shares its borders with five neighboring countries (alphabetically as follows): Albania (Western Neighbor), Bulgaria (Eastern Neighbor), Greece (Southern Neighbor), Kosovo and Serbia (Northern Neighbors). The population of Macedonia is approximately two million people, out of which 64% are native Macedonians, and the other minority and/or ethnic groups include: 25% Albanians, 4% Turks, 3% Romani, 2% Serbs and 2% other population. The capital city of Macedonia is Skopje and the official language that is spoken in the Republic of Macedonia is the Macedonian language …show more content…
The so-called “name dispute” does not have its roots from neither the EU nor NATO, however, the issue lies on bilateral basis – between Macedonia and its southern neighbor Greece. In terms of such bilateral relations, the issue emphasizes two broad conflicting stand-points: the Greek, which does not recognize Macedonia as an independent nation and uses FYROM (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) in whatsoever issues related to the Republic of Macedonia; and the Macedonian, which claims that Macedonian culture, language and nation is purely Macedonian, and as such unique nation, should be recognized elsewhere under its constitutional name. This serious and much sensitive issue for the Macedonian nation, has many points of views, and by such, is a very much complex issue that cannot be explained within the facts that are in possession of either Macedonia or Greece, but there is a need to go back to history, cultural features, ethnical issues, linguistic matters, and of course, data that is based on
Bosnia is one of several small countries that emerged from the break-up of Yugoslavia, a multicultural country created after World War I by the Western Allies. Yugoslavia was composed of ethnic and religious groups that had been historical rivals, even bitter enemies, including the Serbs (Orthodox Christians), Croats (Catholics) and ethnic Albanians (Muslims).
The Balkan Peninsula has many physical features, but there are three main ones, they are the fact that it is a peninsula, its mountains, and its rivers. Within the Balkan Peninsula there are a good majority of ethnicities. There will be a majority of instances that the geography has helped or hindered certain peoples in the Balkans history.
It was created out of the Austria-Hungary empire that lost the war and lost its land. Serbians, Croatians, Slovenes, and Bosnians and Muslims lived all in one country. The problem was the people didn't get along and each republic wanted to take control of the country. This went on until after WWII, when the Soviet Union took power and control over the country. Joseph Broz (Tito) was leader of Yugoslavia until the 6 republics separated.
International politics as one may imagine includes foreign affairs. This is why the topic and focus of this paper revolves around the current event within Eastern Europe. It will focus on both Russia, Ukraine, and the world, and from it, it will be analyzed by using the resources provided within class. After all it is a International Politics course, and one of the best ways to effectively put the skills and knowledge to use is to focus on an event or current event. The paper will attempt to go over in a chronological order of the events that has happened, and what is happening currently over in Ukraine. Afterwards, an analyzed input will be implemented providing reasoning behind Russia's actions, and actions of the world, and potentially some solutions.
The last two decades of the twentieth century gave rise to turbulent times for constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, eventually leading them to split apart. There were a number of damaging aspects of past history and of the political and economic circumstances that contributed to the breakup and eventually caused the situation to snowball into a deadly series of inter-ethnic conflicts. Yugoslavia was reunified at the end of the war when the communist forces of Josip Broz Tito liberated the country. Under Tito, Yugoslavia adopted a relatively liberal form of government in comparison to other East European communist states at the time and experienced a period of relative economic and political stability until Tito’s death in 1980. In addition to internal power struggles following the loss of their longtime leader, Yugoslavia faced an unprecedented economic crisis in the 1980’s. As other communist states began to fall in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, some former Communist leaders abandoned communism and founded or supported ethno-national parties, blaming the economic suffering on the flaws of communism and other ethnic groups. The ethnic violence that followed would not have been possible without the willingness of politicians from every side to promote ethno-nationalist symbols and myths through media blitzes, which were especially effective due to low levels of education in the former Yugoslavia. Shadows of the events of World War II gave these politicians, especially the Serbs, an opportunity to encourage the discussion and exaggeration of past atrocities later in the century. The ethnic violence in the former Yugoslavia can be traced back to a series of linked damaging factors such as the de...
Part of many empires and republics in the past, Montenegro declared independence from former Yugoslavia to become a sovereign state on 3 June 2006. Montenegro classifies as a developed country on the Human Development Index and is a member of the Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe, the Council of Europe, and a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean. It is an official candidate for membership in the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). There are many languages, faiths, and ethnicities within the borders of Montenegro, providing a potential backdrop for ethnic clashes similar to those of the Yugoslav Wars. However, ethical ideals of humanity and gallantry bond all Montenegrins, uniting the country.
Day to day life in ancient Macedonia was significantly more difficult in comparison to life in the rest of Greece. Located in the northeastern corner of the Greek peninsula Macedonia was comprised of mountainous land and lowland valleys to compliment them, making it notably colder than the rest of Greece which created complications in communication and travel. Macedonians were known to be barbaric, making hunting, fighting and drinking their most famous attributes. The people of Macedonia were looked down upon by the other Greeks because of their considerably different way of life in comparison. Despite their abundant natural resources such as silver, gold, copper, iron and timber their economy was prohibitively weak. The government was a monarchy
It’s a warm summer day in Macedonia you’re family is all packed on the couch to watch the national team play. There is 1 minute left and the ball is whipped into the penalty box, and the Macedonian legend Aleksandar Trajkovski scores you’re whole family then starts screaming. Well that’s what you would do if you lived in Macedonia. Macedonia is one of the newest countries in the world but it has still been a very ancient civilization. It is located in the Southeast of Europe and its capital city is Skopje. Macedonia has unique qualities such as its geography, history, culture, economy, and its current events.
My research will focus on two important topics related to each other. I am going to discuss the “Delimitation of maritime border and continental shelf” pact between Albania and Greece, an agreement that was later revoked by the Constitutional Court of Albania, because it was investigated and proved the wrong division of the maritime border based on the “equidistant” principle. After that I am going to confront the injustice done to Albania reflected in the International Right with the Law of Seas. This paper will argue in favor of the decision of the Albanian Constitutional Court for rejecting the nautical pact between Greece and Albania as the most reasonable and fair decision, because it is directly connected not only to geographical and legal reasons, based on the United Nations Convention on Law of the sea (1982), but also to economic and touristic issues.
The 20th century was accompanied by the dissolution of several countries in Europe due to the fall of Communism. In particular, the Yugoslavian and Czechoslovakian breakups were widely controversial due to the violence throughout the duration of separation in Yugoslavia versus the peaceful separation in Czechoslovakia. During the Czechoslovakian breakup in 1993 the state was only compromised of two main ethnic groups, the Czechs and the Slovaks. However, in the 1990s during the separation in Yugoslavia there were several ethnicities: the Albanians, Bosnians, Macedonians, Croats, Hungarians, Montenegrins, Serbs, and Slovenes. The purpose of this essay is to access as to why Czechoslovakia was able to split up into different states relatively
Ramet, Sabrina P. Balkan Babel: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia from the Death of Tito to the Fall of Milošević. Boulder, CO: Westview, 2002. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.
In the battles before the Macedonian military revolution we see that most of the battles did not end decisively. This can be seen all
Zajmi. F, 'Refighting Kosovo: A Kosovar's perspective'. Central Europe Review. July 2000. Retrieved 20 April 2011< http://www.ce-review.org/00/26/zajmi26.html>
... and higher education and for the right to be named as a co-nation of Macedonia, together with the Macedonians and not as an ethnic minority.
According to the Serbian view in competing claims concerning Kosovo’s historical significance, the national and religious factors are the central of the Serbian identity. (Miranda Vickers, 1988:6). Kosovo Albanians and Serbs both claim in this area dates back centuries, regardless of who arrived first the Albanian and Slavic people have cohabitated the territory of Kosovo for hundreds of years. Albanians on the other hand claim the first possession of Kosovo, they claim that they wer...