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Opportunities for women during World War 2
Social impact of WW2 on the lives of women
Social impact of WW2 on the lives of women
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MLA Biography Project: Bessie Coleman Bessie Elizabeth Coleman was born January 28,1892 in Atlanta, Texas. Her mother wanted to move back to Texas by that time Bessie was only 2 years old. Waxahachie, a town of fewer than 4,000 people. She was the tenth out of thirteen children in her household with her two parents Susan and George Coleman. Susan and George were married for 17 years with up’s and down. George was mixed with African American and part Cherokee. But Susan was a straight African American from the roots up. George Coleman left his family in 1901 to return to Indian Territory because of the racial barriers that existed in Waxahachie and all over Texas. Susan Coleman refused to move the kids back to Oklahoma. Bessie stayed along with four other siblings, to help with the family financial issues by picking cotton or help with the washing and ironing that her mother did for work. But her mother was determined to get her kids an education. When Bessie graduated from high school, she enrolled in the Colored Agricultural and Normal University, which is now Langston University in Langston, Oklahoma. But with money issues she had to drop out after her first semester because all her savings had run out. But she could have stayed and work, but her mother needed help at home so Bessie gave up school just to help her mom out at home. Not long after that she moved to Chicago in 1915, where her brother was then living, and attended beauty school. She spent her early years in World War 1 working as a manicurist at the White Sox Barber Shop. She operated a small but profitable chili parlor. Unfortunately, she got married to Claude Glenn, but she never really said it publicly since she knew he wasn’t really for her life so s... ... middle of paper ... ... American-Statesman, September 6, 1993. Roger Bilstein and Jay Miller, Aviation in Texas (Austin: Texas Monthly Press, 1985). Dallas Morning News, September 8, 1993. Houston Post-Dispatch, May 1, 1926. Anita King, "Brave Bessie: First Black Pilot," Parts 1 and 2, Essence, May, June 1976. Doris L. Rich, Queen Bess: Daredevil Aviator (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993). Vertical Files, Barker Texas History Center, University of Texas at Austin. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html 1996-2009 WGBH Educational Foundation This site is produced for PBS by WGBH http://www.bessiecoleman.com/ By the Atlanta Historic of Museum http://www.biography.com/people/bessie-coleman-36928 1996–2013 A&E Television Networks, LLC. All Rights Reserved. http://womenshistory.about.com/od/aviationpilots/a/bessie_coleman.htm By Jone Johnson Lewis
helped support the struggling couple. They divorced in 1942. She lived in Carmel Valley, CA after and died February 8, 1983.
Born on May 4, 1843, she was raised just like any other southern lady. She was the daughter of a merchant and grew up in Martinsburg, West Virginia with her parents, Benjamin Reed Boyd and Mary Rebecca Glenn, three brothers, one sister, and grandmother. She went by the name Belle Boyd instead of her original name, Maria Isabella Boyd. Boyd attended Mount Washington Female College of Baltimore from age 12 to 16 after receiving a preliminary education. People knew her to be a fun-loving debutante. Her low voice was charming and her figure, flawless. Her irregular features rendered her either completely plain or extremely beautiful.
People said he was more than likely the father of at least two of her children. Garner became widely known when she and her family rebelled against their bondage and made a brave escape to freedom. In the winter of 1856, she and her husband Robert, their four children, and Robert’s parents carried out their bold plan. The family fled the plantation and got away by crossing on foot the frozen Ohio River from Covington, Ky., to Cincinnati, Ohio. They sought out their family friend, a black freeman named Elijah Kite, for protection.
In fact, several black men across the nation had mastered many of the key technological aspects of flight. There were many black aviators amongst the earliest fliers of transcontinental flights. For example James Banning, who learned to fly from a...
Before the war, African-American pilots weren't able to fly in battle due to segregation, even though blacks have been flying for a while beforehand, including pilots such as Bessie Coleman, Charles Alfred Anderson, and more, who'd fought oppression to become pilots (George 5). Army officials thought blacks couldn't fight, aren't as smart as whites, and weren't worthy enough of operating machines as complicated as airplanes. There was hope for African Americans who wanted to fly in the 1930s, when President Franklin Delano Roosevelt began to build up the U.S. armed forces, thinking of military-related ideas such as teaching civilians to fly, passing the Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP) in April 1939, which would provide training for 20,000 college students yearly as private pilots, and soon allowed the Secretary of War to lend equipment to schools for African-American pilot training (George 6). While this program was being developed, Edgar G. Brown, an African-American spokesman for government employees, arranged an unusual flight. Two black pilots from the National Airmen's Association, Dale White and Chauncey Spencer, would fly from Chicago, IL to Washington, D.C. in a run-down biplane. They met with Missouri senator and future president Harry S. Truman on May 9, 1939. Aviation was fairly new and a feat like this was impressive, and thus, it had impressed the president. Harry S. Truman was going to help them, and with the ...
Mozell C. Hill, “The All-Negro Communities of Oklahoma: The Natural History of a Social Movement,” Journal of Negro History 31 (July 1946), 254-68.
Bessie Coleman was the first black woman to earn a pilot’s license. She went to the Caudron Brother’s School of Aviation in France because all of the flying schools in the United States denied her entry. Bessie Coleman specialized in stunt flying and parachuting. She still remains a pioneer woman in the field of aviation.
In her sixties, she came back to the South. In the South prison, she talked with some black people about what happened over there. She also gave them courage to be free and alive, before she came back to Chicago. In her last life, she wrote the autobiography so the young people knew what happen to their grandparents and parents during the reconstruction
Born on the year in 1894, a legend in the music of blues was born. Bessie Smith, Born and raised in poverty, in the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee, a religious child, struggling with her 9 family members. Mrs. Smith didn’t have the money to see a music performance or a talent show. But with all the challenges she was facing, for example, having to get money by doing laundry. She turned into a Blues singer. Her singing skills wasn’t like any of the early women singers, he skills went beyond the boundaries of a Blue singer and became the most popular Blue singer that fascinated many talented Musicians, including Louis Armstrong, a famous trumpeter.
Philadelphia, PA: Davis University Press, Inc. Smith, J, & Phelps, S (1992). Notable Black American Women (1st Ed). Detroit, MI: Gale & Co. Webster, Raymond B. (1999). African American Firsts in Science & Technology (1st Ed.).
According to Holland, Maya Angelou graduated at the top of her eighth grade class in Stamps. Her and her brother then continued their education in California. At the age of sixteen she brought her son Guy Johnson into the world. She had to then work a number of jobs like a waitress, cook, and nightclub singer to provide for her son. In her early career, she appeared in plays and musicals around the world as a singer and actres...
Born during the times of segregation and blatant and racist Jim Crow Laws, Katherine Johnson was birthed to Joylette and Joshua Coleman in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia on August 26, 1918. Her mother was a school teacher at the local school for negro children, and her father was a farmer and a janitor. She had three older brothers and was the youngest of four children. For fun, she enjoyed
• Alice Walker was born on February 9, 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia. She was born into a poor sharecropper family, and the last of eight children.
Elizabeth “Bessie” Coleman was born on January 26, 1892 to Susan and George Coleman who had a large family in Texas. At the time of Bessie’s birth, her parents had already been married for seventeen years and already had nine children, Bessie was the tenth, and she would later have twelve brothers and sisters. Even when she was small, Bessie had to deal with issues about race. Her father was of African American and Cherokee Indian decent, and her mother was black which made it difficult from the start for her to be accepted. Her parents were sharecroppers and her life was filled with renter farms and continuous labor. Then, when Bessie was two, her father decided to move himself and his family to Waxahacie, Texas. He thought that it would offer more opportunities for work, if he were to live in a cotton town.
Alice Walker was born on February 9, 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia. Alice Walker was the eighth and last child of Willie Lee, a sharecropper, and Minnie Lou Tallulah Grant Walker, a maid.