The process of livelihood transformation in Komodo Village indicated that the difficult period of bagan fishing and the rapid increase of tourist visit were the significant driving force of the transformation. The livelihood transformation was initiated with the intention of seeking a way around the challenging conditions of bagan fishing. The opportunity to have a much lighter job and easy money has become the main attraction for these fishermen to shift their livelihood to the souvenir business. Although this transformation enabled local people to generate sufficient income, it is premature to conclude that tourism is an appropriate strategy to provide sustainable livelihoods for local communities.
The case of Komodo Village showed that
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Their ability to face the challenges was strongly affected by financial capital, communication skills and connections. Strong financial capital obtained from adequate finance management and large connections appeared to highly assist the sellers’ resilience in the midst of challenges. Whereas, sufficient communication skills enabled them to be hired as naturalist guides. The absence of these factors forced souvenir businessmen to put in extra effort to maintain their livelihood. Livelihood diversification was applied by operating tourism-related businesses other than the souvenir business. Optimisation of assets was the focal strategy that enabled them to diversify their livelihoods. By opening homestays they utilised their houses to facilitate income-generating activities (Beall & Kanji, 1999). Similarly, renting out small boats as a form of tour transport also provided these people with an alternative for earning more money. As this business targeted regular visitors, they reduced their dependency on cruise visits but remained fully dependent on …show more content…
By giving up their fishery-based traditional lifestyle shifting fully to the souvenir business, these people did not enhance their resilience. They only replaced one form of livelihood with another. Whilst at the time of the research the new tourism-dependent livelihood provides a reasonably solid income, this livelihood is vulnerable due to the threats inherent to the nature of the tourism industry. In line with Tao and Wall (2009b), findings showed that the full replacement has put the local people at risk instead of strengthening their capability in securing livelihood. Sustainable development is achieved when poverty is reduced, wellbeing is enhanced, food security is offered, and a measure of empowerment is realized (Department for International Development [DFID], 1999; Scoones, 1998; Su, Wall, & Xu, 2016; Tao & Wall, 2009b). Hence, in the case of Komodo people, sustainable livelihood through tourism development is not fully
Migration: Tourism development causes s flow of skilled and unskilled labour from regions of low economic prospects to higher prospects. Efflux of manpower from islands and communities toward the main tourist regions cause a reduction in the number of people available to continue small scale sustenance activities required for the smaller communities to survive. The influx to the economically viable regions creates undesirable circumstances due to an increase in unemployment and other social vices in the region (crime, drug abuse,
In the case study of the Okavango Delta in Botswana by (Mbaiwa,2003), he stated that the Okavango Delta is one of Botswana’s leading tourists destination areas, mainly because of the rich wildlife resources it sustains and its scenic beauty. It is indeed quite clear that the principles of sustainability were applied in the Okavango Delta in Botswana because it is said that tourism has stimulated the development of a variety of allied infrastructure and facilities such as (hotels, lodges and camps) in the Okavango region....
The book is written by three authors, Martin Mowforth, Clive Charlton and Ian Munt. Martin Mowforth is a part timer lecturer while Clive Charlton is a principal lecturer and helps to solve the problems of environment, transport, tourism and development. Ian Munt is a consultant and worked on various types of projects over the world. The book is published on year 2008, with the title of “Tourism and Responsibility” which focuses on the nature, ecotourism and ‘sustainability’ upon the recognition of the social dimension of tourism. Besides, the book mentioned the responsibility and the activities occurred in Latin America and Caribbean. The issues happened in the country also discussed in the book such as the problem of the poverty. Authors also
Before the tsunami, this region of the world was one of the most sought after vacation spots. Beachside resorts, breathtaking scenery, and various recreational activities were major tourist attractions. The seemingly tranquil life of the natives and year round warm climate conditions created steady tourism and economic support. With more than thirteen thousand, five hundred different islands for tourists to explore, many visitors enjoyed repeat trips with unlimited experiences.
This dissertation will research on the prospects and possibilities, means and deterrents in the implementation of sustainable tourism in the country.
We talked about the first type which is the economic effect on the local community and the second type that is the social effect on the host community. In this part of our essay we will represent the last kind of effect on the local community by tourism. It is the environment effect on the local community. Tourism has positive and negative aspects in term of its impact on the host community. First point, tourism can help to protect the environment through reinvest some of profits, that generated by tourism, to the preservation of local environment and make it popular destination for holidays. However, it can cause pollution and damage in the environment through overuse of natural resources, such as water supply, beaches and coral reef. It also account for increased pollution through traffic emissions and littering. Additionally, tourist accommodations in general dump waste and sewage into seas and rivers. Second point, it might reduce some problems such as over-fishing by creating another source of employment. According to Tourism Concern, tourism account for more than eight per cent of jobs in the world wide and there are approximately two hundred million people work in the tourism sector on all sides of the world. (Tourism Concern, 2004). As a result a lot of people will abandon works in fishing and deforestations and tend to works in tourism industrialization. On the adverse side, it can harm the environment through polish off grass cover, harmful to wildlife and forests and grave local habitats. (BBC,
Establishment of a life following death building's arrangement, for example, the reuse of the parts and the potential use of the possessed from the building range after the pulverizati
Rural tourism is not a new type of industry . Desire to escape bustling city centers and discover new areas, stress factors, in the 19th century caused tourist interest in rural life. 1970’s, 80’s and 90’s were new period for rual tourism.This period is observed with a lot of tourists ( OECD, 1994, p.7 ).
In relation to social transformation I have gathered materials that focusses on programs provided for ‘refugees’ living in New Zealand. The purpose of my findings are based on the societies support for ‘refugees’ in terms of human security and directions of life before settling in their new destination. There are stories about ‘refugees’ that need to be shared and stories that need to be forgotten, because it can produce controversy within the society or the universe. But where can these ‘refugees’ go if the place they call home is unsafe or too risky for the lives of their families and for themselves. It’s hard enough to migrate into a new country, but it is devastating for refugees who have experienced the loss of homes and loved ones.
However, there is not everyone can receive its benefits. Larger farm holder got the opportunities to get involve into the tourism activities. "There are only 37% of the landholder earned more than 50% of their income from tourism" (Yang, Hens, Ou, De Wulf 2009). Renting rooms and houses to accommodation providers, selling goods and services to tourists were the major activities that provided the chance of earning. On the other hand, there are more than a half of the landholder did not gain many profits. In addition, there were over 20% of the owners did not get any income from tourism. This is because that smaller farm owners claimed that they do not have any cash and not enough resources to incorporate, therefore they were hard to derive benefits from tourism and unable to engage in (Yang, Hens, Ou, De Wulf
“Sustainable development recognizes that growth must be both inclusive and environmentally sound to reduce poverty and build shared prosperity for today’s population and to continue to meet the needs of future generations. It is efficient with resources and carefully planned to deliver both immediate and long-term benefits for people, planet, and prosperity.” The three pillars of sustainable development – economic, social, and environmental – carry across all sectors of development. There is no single model for sustainable development. Strategies will vary across countries, reflecting local contexts. “The prospects of sustainable development in any one location are also very evidently shaped in part by forces and decision-making which are often situated at great distances away.” Sustainable development has no identifiable end point or state and requires continuous consideration of the processes on development and decision making across all spheres of life. Just like sustainable development, there are overlaps between related global change processes and the outcomes of interactions are not always consistent. One challenge in globalizing society is to empower people and institutions to respond effectively to their local environments while maintaining a global perspective.
The economy can be clearly identified as the most beneficial aspect of tourism. “According to recent statistics, tourism provides about 10% of the world’s income and employs almost one tenth of the world’s workforce” (Mirbabayev, 2007). In Australia alone, Tourism contributed $87.3 billion in 2012, and employed 908,434 (7.9%) people (Kookana & Duc Pham, 2013). Tourism is “one of the most profitable and rapidly developing industries in the world” (Popushoi, 2004). Every year the number of tourists increase dramatically and consequently the revenues from tourism will increase substantially.
Social change is the change in society and society is a web of social relations. Hence, social change is a change in social relationships. Social relationships are social processes, social patterns and social interactions. These include the mutual activities and relations of the various parts of the society. Therefore the term social change is used to describe variations of any aspect of social processes, social patterns, social interaction or social organization. Social change may be defined as changes in the social organization, that is, the structure and functions of the society. Social change is influenced by many forces as it is an ongoing process namely, technology,
The consumption of souvenirs play also a major economic role in tourism destinations where producing, consuming and the selling of souvenirs are worth billions of dollars each year (Swanson, 2012). On a smaller scale, many retail businesses located near or at the destination are dependent on the selling of souvenirs (Swanson, 2004). Furthermore, souvenir consumption also helps in supporting indigenous local people who produce and retail authentic handicrafts and souvenir goods (Tosun, Temizkan, Timothy & Fyall, 2007...
Due to rural-urban migration, there has been increasing levels of poverty and depopulation in rural areas. This is one of the reasons why the government has seen it as necessary and made it a priority to improve the lives of the people who live in rural areas. Rural development is about enabling people in the rural areas take charge of their destiny. This is through the use and management of the natural resources they are exposed to. This is a process through which people learn over time and they use this knowledge to adapt to the changing world. The purpose of rural development is to improve the lives of people living in the rural areas.