Literature Review: Open Visitations in ICU
Studies have shown that open ICU visitation is an asset rather than a hindrance with respect to a patient’s wellbeing. Since the 1950s, visiting has changed from a strict nurse-controlled regime to a more flexible patient-centered approach (Taylor, 2008, p. 30). Family inclusion in patient care is evolving into a collaborative model between patient, family and healthcare providers. In response to this collaboration of patient and family-centered care (PFCC), this method has been encouraged in order to achieve the most beneficial outcomes for patients and their families. Open visitation in the ICU should be encouraged, not because of the pressure of growing social awareness, but because it can provide comprehensive responses to the needs of patients and their families. Many studies are being conducted on this subject garnering a great deal of support prompting the implementation of PFCC, which encourages open visitation in ICU.
The following is a brief summary of research studies concerning the current state of knowledge related to the promotion and benefits of open visitation in the ICU.
Literature Sources
The main purpose of conducting a literature review is to obtain the most usable and reliable studies that pertain to the topic of the interest. High reliability and quality of evidence-based studies are provided by filtered sources. For my review I was able to find systematic reviews and individual articles. All of these reviews pertain to the dilemma of open visitation vs. restricted visitation in Intensive Care Units. With multiple views from different perspectives I was able to utilize the comparison and trials approaches. Also, to prepare for this project I was able to utilize unf...
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...ithin the context of patient- and family- centered care.
International Journal of Evidence Based Healthcare, 9: 362-387. doi:10.1111/j.1744-1609.2011.00229.x Clarke, C., Harrison, D. (2001). The needs of children visiting on adult ICU: a review of the literature and recommendations for practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 34(1), 61-68.
Giannini, A. (2007). Open intensive care units: the case in favor. Minerva Anestesiologica,
73(5), 299-304.
Hoye, S., Severinsson, E. (2007). Methodological aspects of rigor in qualitative nursing research on families involved in ICU: A literature review. Nursing and Health Sciences, 9, 61-68 doi:10.1111/j.14422018.2007.00300.x Taylor, A. (2008). Exploring patient, visitor and staff views on open visiting. Nursing Times,
104, 30-33.
...s, physicians, and family members on the importance of prevention, detection, and treatment of ICU delirium. When successful, the ICU staff can promote a healthy environment to support physical and physiological well-being.
Area I have selected for the field is Long-Term Acute Care Hospital (LTACH) specializing in pediatrics. Long-Term Acute Care Hospital, specializes in treatment for special needs such as patients with concurrent acute illnesses, recovering from acute illness due to multisystem failures, requires direct care by multiple specialists, ventilator services (weaning or decannulation), needing of daily physician visits or have complex respiratory-relevant diagnoses. Which in terms focuses on patients who have complex medical problems and the rehabilitation needs that one may require special or intensive treatment over an extended period of time. Patients who come to LTACH have been in an ICU or CCU at a hospital and now require specialized care (as
Participant 4 stated, “I think just basically being there for the family as well…I think even just a cup of tea can go a long way with any family (McCallum & McConigley, 2013). Another theory that intertwines with Watson’s is Barbara Dossey’s Theory of Integral Nursing. Dossey articulates, “Healing is not predictable, it is not synonymous with curing but the potential for healing is always present even until one’s last breath,” (Parker and Smith, 2015, p. 212). Dossey believes that integral nursing is a comprehensive way to organize different situations in fours perspectives (nurse, health, person and environment) of reality with the nurse as an instrument in the healing process by bringing his or her whole self into a relationship with another whole self. In the HDU, the RN’s interacted with each patient while providing high quality care to create a healing environment for the patient and family even when their prognosis was otherwise. Patient 3 specified that “We still have to provide care...and make the family feel that they are comfortable and looked after” (McCallum & McConigley, 2013). These theories ultimately show the importance of a nurse through the aspects of caring to create and maintain a healing environment that is not only beneficial to the patient but to their loved ones as
Family centred care and comfort care theory both work for the well being of patient. Family centred care focus to work with family while providing care for the sick child. Family and pediatric staff works in collaboration to make care plan that works the best for sick child (Coyne, O'Neill, Murphy, & Costello, 2011). Similarly, comfort care theory focus on child’s physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental aspects. “When comfort needs are addressed in one context, total comfort is enhanced in the remaining context” (Kolcaba & Dimarco, 2005, p. 190). When nurses apply comfort care theory, it is to achieve holistic care of sick children by focusing on all aspects (Kolcaba
In gathering articles for this review, numerous methods were used to narrow journal articles that were relevant to nursing. A search was conducted on EBSCO HOST for key terms such as ________. This was narrowed down to articles which were between 2009 and 2014, plus articles which had full text...
Perceptions of Adult Hospitalized Patient on Family Presence During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. American Journal of Critical Care, 26(2), 102-110. doi:10.4037/ajcc20175550
A number of different methods were applied in order to gather articles for this review. To narrow the search focus and to avoid vague information relevant nursing journals; mental health related publications; articles on seclusion and restraints effects on treatment outcomes were analyzed for availability and appropriateness of articles. The secondary research was further restricted to 2004 and newer...
It is important to preserve the dignity of all patients in the care of nurses and to not make them feel as though they are worthless. For example, when someone is incontinent and cannot care for themselves anymore, such as some residents in long-term care, it is important to help them remain dignified. The resident should be able to feel as though they are respected and are given the appropriate amount of privacy as we are working in their home. With this being said, it is very crucial for nurses to provide residents’ in long-term care, as well as patients in the hospital, with great care while still preserving their dignity and maintaining their privacy. It is important for the client to feel as comfortable as they would if they were in their own home. With this, Registered nurses must appreciate and respect each person in whom they care for. This respect is seen through the nurse as they explain to the patient what they will be doing as they are caring for them, as well as providing care within the wishes of the person. Patients in the hands of the Registered Nurse, appreciate caring as a core value during their stay in the hospital. This is proved as Davis (2005) states, “From a patient perspective, the caring presence that emanates from nurses, positively impacts patients’ hospital experience,” (p.127) As nurses, caring is the absolute root of nursing practice. Preserving patients’ privacy and dignity involves aspects such as closing doors or screens and making sure they are covered while doing so, (Royal College of Nursing, 2015). The Code of Ethics outlines the importance of Registered Nurses supporting the person, family, group, population or community receiving care in maintaining their dignity and integrity, (Canadian Nurses Association, 2008). All these factors involved with the Code of Ethics greatly impact the nursing practice of
(M.A Kelly.., D Angus,., D.B Chalfin, , E. D Crandall,., D Ingbar,., W Johanson,., & J. S Vender,., 2004). (2004). The Critical Care Crisis in The United United States (American Psychological Assoc),
(10) Levi B.H., Thomas N.J., Green M.J., Rentmeester C.A. & Ceneviva G.D. (2004), jading in the paediatric intensive care unit: implications for healthcare providers of medically complex children. Paediatric Critical Care Medicine 5 (3), 275–277. (11) Ward. E [1990] Ch. 359.
The many concepts are very complex and have many dimensions. Concepts developed by Leininger, Watson, Gaut, Benner and Wrubel, Ihde, and many more were discussed and how they relate to ICU nurses and their caring practices. It is stressed in this article that ICU nurses have an important role of making sure they have insight into their specific behaviors so that nursing practices can be developed. Once these nursing practices are developed, ICU nurses can successfully care for their critically ill patients. Wilkin (2003) claims that caring is a, “dual component of attitudes/values and activities, which create an ongoing challenge for the ICU nurses” (p.
...to communicate with your patient in order for them to be updated with their family’s sickness. And also have compassion towards them. You are likely to see a lot of injuries and scenarios play out among patients that have been admitted to the hospital. There are many achievements in this field that you may accomplish. And priorities that you have to deal with. For instants your time you have to adjust your schedule.
The provision of patient/family-centered care, which assure safety and quality in the service, would have a team work approach as a foundation and underpinning. In a healing process or in the preservation of health intervene several factors, some of them are closely related with the environment. Healthcare providers constitute an important part of that environment, and definitely, communication with patients, families, and among themselves, have a significant impact on it. The environment would influence the patient’s perception of care, and the staff’s level of
When caring for patients it is fundamentally important to have a good selection of up to date evidence Based Practice clinical articles to support research strategies, this allows professionals to assemble the most resent and accurate information known which enables them to make decisions tailored to the individual’s plan of care. It is essential to have clinical expertise and have the involvement from the individual patient, they must have full engagement and incorporation in order to have the accurate evaluation.
This paper is an academic critique of an article written by Lautrette, et al. (2007) titled: “A Communication Strategy and Brochure for Relatives of Patients Dying in the ICU” and accurately reflected the content of the article and the research study itself. The abstract explained the article in more detail, while remaining concise. The type of research study, sample size, variables, intervention, measurement method, findings, and conclusion were all mentioned in the abstract.