Summary of Text: ‘The Redfern Address’ is a speech that was given to a crowd made up of mainly indigenous Australians at the official opening of the United Nations International Year of the World’s Indigenous Peoples in Redfern Park, New South Wales. This text deals with many of the challenges that have been faced by Indigenous Australians over time, while prompting the audience to ask themselves, ‘How would I feel?’ Throughout the text, Keating challenges the views of history over time, outlines some of the outrageous crimes committed against the Indigenous community, and praises the indigenous people on their contribution to our nation, despite the way they have been treated.
In this poem, there is a young woman and her loving mother discussing their heritage through their matrilineal side. The poem itself begins with what she will inherit from each family member starting with her mother. After discussing what she will inherit from each of her family members, the final lines of the poem reflect back to her mother in which she gave her advice on constantly moving and never having a home to call hers. For example, the woman describes how her father will give her “his brown eyes” (Line 7) and how her mother advised her to eat raw deer (Line 40). Perhaps the reader is suggesting that she is the only survivor of a tragedy and it is her heritage that keeps her going to keep safe. In the first two lines of the poem, she explains how the young woman will be taking the lines of her mother’s (Lines 1-2). This demonstrates further that she is physically worried about her features and emotionally worried about taking on the lineage of her heritage. Later, she remembered the years of when her mother baked the most wonderful food and did not want to forget the “smell of baking bread [that warmed] fined hairs in my nostrils” (Lines 3-4). Perhaps the young woman implies that she is restrained through her heritage to effectively move forward and become who she would like to be. When reading this poem, Native American heritage is an apparent theme through the lifestyle examples, the fact lineage is passed through woman, and problems Native Americans had faced while trying to be conquested by Americans. Overall, this poem portrays a confined, young woman trying to overcome her current obstacles in life by accepting her heritage and pursuing through her
Rituals, teachings, ceremonies and identities of the Aboriginal people were lost and neglected in the past. Even today, those of the culture continue to heal and strengthen from the consequences. In Louise Halfe’s poem “My Ledders,” a native woman addresses the Pope expressing her passionate feelings towards the traditions that were robbed of her culture, while pleading him to change the teachings back to the original way. In the letter the speaker writes as if she was speaking, using phonetic spelling and broken English, asking the Pope if he could use his power to retain the native culture, as the government may listen to him. Directly linking the losses of native traditions, customs and languages to the residential school system, the speaker uses orature combining a native dialect along with satire to express how the losses in one generation continue to affect the aboriginal identity in future generations.
This quote describes how Louise Halfe uses all four common elements of native literature in her writings. I have chosen to discuss two of the elements she frequently uses, Spirituality and Orality in relation to three of her poems: My Ledders, She Told Me and The Heat of my Grandmothers.
The Lost Heritage, written by Heather Buck in 1993, uses a variation of literary elements and devices to communicate the author’s intended message. The poem discusses the issue of a new generation that has forgotten its cultural roots and laments the passing of old traditions. It romanticizes the past and celebrates the speaker’s ancestral roots through vivid imagery and symbolism, while using figurative language to describe the supposed detachment of the current generation. These elements then combine to create a nostalgic tone through which the author communicates her message.
The Lost Heritage, written by Heather Buck in 1993, uses a variation of literary elements and devices to communicate the author’s intended message. The poem discusses the issue of a new generation that has forgotten its cultural roots and laments the passing of old traditions. It romanticizes the past and celebrates the speaker’s ancestral roots through vivid imagery and diction, while using figurative language to describe the supposed detachment of the current generation. These elements then combine to create a nostalgic tone through which the author communicates the message that parents must raise the new generation to be aware of their cultural roots.
Therefore, Oliver’s incorporation of imagery, setting, and mood to control the perspective of her own poem, as well as to further build the contrast she establishes through the speaker, serves a critical role in creating the lesson of the work. Oliver’s poem essentially gives the poet an ultimatum; either he can go to the “cave behind all that / jubilation” (10-11) produced by a waterfall to “drip with despair” (14) without disturbing the world with his misery, or, instead, he can mimic the thrush who sings its poetry from a “green branch” (15) on which the “passing foil of the water” (16) gently brushes its feathers. The contrast between these two images is quite pronounced, and the intention of such description is to persuade the audience by setting their mood towards the two poets to match that of the speaker. The most apparent difference between these two depictions is the gracelessness of the first versus the gracefulness of the second. Within the poem’s content, the setting has been skillfully intertwined with both imagery and mood to create an understanding of the two poets, whose surroundings characterize them. The poet stands alone in a cave “to cry aloud for [his] / mistakes” while the thrush shares its beautiful and lovely music with the world (1-2). As such, the overall function of these three elements within the poem is to portray the
Change is one of the tallest hurdles we all must face growing up. We all must watch our relatives die or grow old, our pets do the same, change school or employment, and take responsibility for our own lives one way or another. Change is what shapes our personalities, it molds us as we journey through life, for some people, change is what breaks us. Watching everything you once knew as your reality wither away into nothing but memory and photographs is tough, and the most difficult part is continuing on with your life. In the novel Ceremony, author Leslie Silko explores how change impacted the entirety of Native American people, and the continual battle to keep up with an evolving world while still holding onto their past. Through Silko’s
Corso’s cultural background and heritage gives him insight into the major issues facing Aboriginal people. This connection provides him with a deep personal understanding of cultural values and the ability to relate to the indigenous. Corso composed My Face is Black on Australia Day, when the Aboriginal plight was brought to the forefront of his mind. He disclosed, “I wrote this poem from the perspective of trying to imagine exchanging places with an Aboriginal, and thinking of how I would feel about the connection to the land, the intrusion by others, and the erosion of a way of life and identity.” The raw and overwhelming poem is about the tragedies that occurred and the repercussions it had for Aboriginals.
...eane’s sombre and calm tone is conveyed through the long, flowy sentences reminding the audience that Australians value unity and peace. The atmosphere of the occasion is depicted through the quote “And when we are back in Australia… our homeland were carried down the river… far side of the world.” There is a repetition of “Australia” and other countries throughout the speech to remind the audience that they are all united together as they share this similar grief and loss. The use of imagery and subtle vocabulary such as “flowers”, “pollen”, “homeland” etc. highlights the peaceful and heartfelt atmosphere. The “Golden wattles” mentioned in the second last paragraph also represents the national symbol of Australia. Throughout the speech, notions of unity and national identity are explored as the key facets of developing connections within and outside of Australia.