CHAPTER 1: PROBLEM SETTING
1. Introduction
Leisure can be loosely defined as the time spent out of work and domestic activity on activities such as recreation, cultural events, sports and social visits, (Ettema & Schwanen, 2012). Most people go for leisure travel far from their countries of residence with an aim to be off from their daily hustles. Leisure travel can be a long or short term depending on one's financial budgets. It is usually a moment to connect with nature, have fun and visit historical sites that could motivate them. According to Chan (2001), being happy, astonished and accomplished satisfaction in a leisure state could derive from such activities.
Statistics gained from tourism Malaysia in the year 2012 stated that domestic and foreigner totaled up to 56,072,199 million. Domestic claims the amount of 29,901,325 million and foreigner claims the amount of 26,170,874 million. Out of the amounts stated on the statistic, Terengganu stated the amount of 1,178,719 million. As such for domestic stated 1,046,312 million and foreigner stated the amount of 132,520 thousand. The statistics from the Department of Statistics Malaysia stated that the population in the year 2010 and above, the number of senior people age 65 plus reaches 1,425.1, 5.0 %. Thus, it is estimated that in the near future of 2015 the number of senior people will reach 1,779.9, 5.8 %. Thus, it gives advantages for the service providers in gaining potential customers as this type of people seeks for better services and goods. Therefore, the increasing disposable income of senior people means great potential and significance to the consumer industries (Bai, Jang, Cai, & O’Leary, 2001; Faranda & Schmidt, 1999; Marvel, 1999).
According to the factor as b...
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...ple thus making profit and enabling these people to grasp their leisure travel fully.
Nevertheless, rather than the above discussion, this research is sorely based upon secondary data congregated from past research done in various countries. There is only one research that was done in Malaysia (Kamaruddin, 2008) and this study is sorely based on travel transportation and travel concerns of senior market. Thus, if there is a chance to further this research on elderly traveler motivation in Malaysia that could easily benefit the tourism industry to cater to these individuals. In order to have more specific data in the future research, a primary data research should be conducted. In other words, a wide range and full investigation of the scenario and travel pattern concerning senior market regarding their travel motivation and satisfaction towards leisure travelling.
My own personal philosophy of leisure has been shaped by past and present activities I do for leisure and why I do them. To me, leisure is the sense of being free from external stressors that I face in my life such as school or work. The positive outcomes from partaking in leisure are generally overlooked and often underestimated. Leisure affects our emotions, our physical and mental health, and aids in the creation of relationships. In my own personal life, I have done and still participate in leisure as a way to sooth myself or unwind from the stress of school or work. The release of pent up emotions and energy for individuals helps their relationships with others and their overall health as well. When stress is released, an individual is
Urry, John, The tourist gaze: Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies 2nd Ed (London, 2002).
A productive voyage can be described as something that has value well after the journey is completed. We can further comprehend the distinction between a productive and an unproductive voyage by isolating the contrasting characteristics between the two entities. Traveling is beautiful and rich; vacationing is dull and paltry. Traveling can be fun and beneficial by providing a person with an educational experience that will be remembered forever. Someone can learn about culture by going to different countries and observing customs. Vacationing mostly involves people sitting around doing nothing, instead of doing something much more productive.
Teye, Victor, Ercan Sirakaya, and Sevil F. Sönmez. "Residents' Attitudes toward Tourism Development." Annals of Tourism Research 29.3 (2002): 668-88. Science Direct. Web.
Thus according to Pieper, leisure is an attitude of the mind and a state of the soul that fosters a capacity to perceive the reality of the world. Pieper establishes that the ancient and medieval philosophers understood the great value and importance of leisure in doing work and thus, eventually led to building of great societies. He also points out that religion can be born only in leisure as it is only through leisure that actual worship of God is possible. Leisure has been, and always will be, the basic foundation of any culture or religion.
...society now classifies leisure as simply ‘free time.’ Time away from work or school, no matter how it is enjoyed, is more broadly defined as leisure today.
For the introduction, brief information regarding my purchase and the travel and tourism industry is presented. It was then followed by the explanation of the 2 chosen theories from two different chapters.
During the past few decades, traveling has greatly increased. Purposes of travel vary, some travel for business, some for leisure,
According to the World Trade Organization, tourism is the largest economic activity in the world. This industry is a key driver of economic progress in many countries in the world and its role in economic development can be expected to increase even though the sector continues to experience expansion. One subset of tourism patterns that has gained prominence over the past few decades is sports tourism. The number of sporting events taking place all over the world has increased and many people travel to foreign destinations either to participate in or observe and attend the events. This paper will set out to demonstrate that sports tourism has a positive socio-economic impact on the destination country, which is hosting a sport event.
When people travel to a destination, they sure have some motivation to motivate them to make the decision. ‘Motivation’ is the key term that will make the tourist to consider the reason to travel around. During the decision making process, people will consider some of the reasons before they confirm travel to a destination. The research that has conducted in The Netherland found out a remarkably high propensity to travel, 70% of the populations are taking one holiday per year and 24% was taking two holidays per year for holiday. Some of the people will affect their decision making by looking at destination image or some of the impact advertising. On the internet, business people will use image and advertising to attract tourist to travel to the destination by using image that they edit before. This is part of the marketing to promote their country to tourist. For family traveler, they will consider the distance and transportation travel to the destination. When go for travel, tourist will bring the whole family to travel. Then, they will consider old people who travel long journey are very hard for them. If one of the family members are senior citizen, they need to consider their healthy. Some of the senior citizen cannot take long journey, such as they have sickness. Bring children go for holiday also need to be consider. Some of the children will afraid of the highest in the plane, so they will feel uncomfortable. There is plenty of reason need to consider before making any decision to travel. For understanding tourist motivation and decision making is for two main reason, planning consideration and economic consideration. (Page & Connell, 2009) Before the tourist travel to a destination, they need to think about culture, climat...
The study of leisure and recreation exist to improve the quality of people’s lives. Leisure is a key part of our lives. When we involve ourselves in leisure activities that satisfies us. We improve in creativity and self-control through these activities. We also get the sense of freedom, achievement and confidence. Leisure gives us the opportunity to enjoy new experiences and develop new skills. In the field of study of leisure and recreation, it focuses on the variety of recreational activities. Those activities that are involved in leisure tend to be rewarding to one’s health and the community. Leisure activities are chosen by every individual, the activities can be done where people feel more comfortable with people you enjoy surrounding
A leisure activity is any activity chosen for pleasure, relaxation, or other emotional satisfaction, typically something one would participate in during free time. The leisure activity I have chosen to partake in is knitting. My great-grandmother was an excellent knitter and would make my whole family scarves and dishcloths when she was alive. She would give them out as Christmas presents, so I want to carry on her tradition. Knitting is a relaxing and simple task, so it is a great way for me to occupy my spare time and escape the stresses of work and school.
According to the statistics by Batir Mirbabyer (1991), tourism provided almost 10% of the world’s income and employed almost one tenth of the world’s workforce. Thus, tourism offers a good potential economic impact to the national economy. Refer on Berita Harian (2013), Malaysia triggered a record of arrivals tourists was 15.9%. It is over 6.4 million tourists in the
In the more economically developed countries (MEDCs), synonymous mainly with the industrialised countries of the northern hemisphere there, has been an explosion in the growth of leisure and tourism industry, which is now believed to be the worlds second largest industry in terms of money generated. In order to differentiate between leisure and tourism it should be recognised that leisure often involves activities enjoyed during an individual’s free time, whereas tourism commonly refers to organised touring undertaken on a commercial basis. Development in the two areas could be attributed to changing patterns in working lives within the last four decades. Generally, people now have more disposable wealth, work shorter hours, receive longer, paid annual leave, retire earlier and have greater personal mobility. In addition, according to Marshall & Wood (1995), the growth of the tourist industry per se can be associated, in part, with the concentration of capital; the emergence of diversified leisure based companies, sometimes within wider corporate conglomerates and often associated with particular airlines. Furthermore, the development of tourism can generate employment both directly, in jobs created in the hotels, restaurants etc, and indirectly, through expenditure on goods and services in the local area. Nevertheless, although the tourist industry is competitive, which essentially keeps down the cost of foreign travel, the success of tourism in any one area can be ‘influenced by weather, changing consumer tastes, demographics, economic cycles, government policy, not to mention international terrorism and other forms of conflict.’(1) Although such factors may have a detrimental affect on the economy of a popular tourist destination (or even tourism in general, in light of September 11th 2001), the consequence of tourism in general is often three fold: environmental, social and cultural, which in turn has prompted a search for new ‘friendly’ approaches that are less destructive.
In order to identify Air Mauritius’ target market variables such as demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioural variables have to be covered. Air Mauritius can be considered a small aircraft company as it has a rather narrow range of planes compared to other airline companies, this is primarily due to the fact that Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport in Mauritius Islands cannot accommodate very large planes. However, it is not a small nor regional airline company and has flight schedules every week in continents such as Africa, Asia, Europe and Australia (O'Hanlon, 2013). Consequently it can be assumed that the target market is basically adult (age) men and women (gender) from different places all over the world who are looking for comfort and good services while travelling (benefits sought) of a medium to high status and income in order to be able to pay for all the tariff fares (psychographic). . Hence, it can be approved that Air Mauritius’ target market is scattered worldwide and cannot be really classified as they tend to market for various markets ranging from businessmen to tourists of different ages. However as Mauritius Islands are mostly known for its tourism industry, Air Mauritius is trying a new marketing strategy in order to attract more families to travel with them to Mauritius Islands for touristic reasons (4 trends in family travel for