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The relationship between gender and crime
The relationship between gender and crime
Criminogenic needs for sex offenders
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Sex Offender Population There is no “standard” sexual offender. Child molesters and rapists come from a multitude of backgrounds and are most often seen as law abiding individuals. In most cases, offenders are male; however, there have been cases of females committing sexual offences reported in the past (Schaffer, Jeglic, Moster & Wnuk, 2010). This treatment manual will focus on the male sexual offender population; they may vary in age, from youth to senior citizens. In fact, more than half of the adult male sexual offender population began offending in their teens (Terry, 2004). This program will feature a ‘rolling group’, this allows individuals to be at different stages in the program which will allow for patients to ease into the program at their own pace. Most male sexual offenders plan their crimes in advance; it is rarely an impulsive act. Although in some circumstances, offenders may take advantage of the chance to offend. In most cases, male sexual offenders know their victims and use this as an advantage to find situations in which the victim is vulnerable to an attack (Schaffer et al., 2010). Sexual assaults could include physical violence, overpowering or threats. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy & Treatment Effectiveness Research has indicated that treatment specifically for sexual offenders may lower the chance of recidivism among some sexual offenders (Terry, 2004). This specific treatment focuses on altering unusual sexual interests, modifying attitudes and beliefs that attempt to support sexual offending, increasing empathy and understanding for victims, and teaching skills that help prevent reoffending from occurring and to help offenders lead ordinary lives (Marshall, Marshall, Serran & O’Brien, 2013). Most c... ... middle of paper ... ...to inform the police and the potential victim that has been named. In order to further protect the confidence of the offender; the therapist and offender will under no circumstance been seen together in public (Murphy, 2011). If the two run into each other anywhere outside of the office, they are required to pretend they do not know one another. However, if the offender is comfortable with being acknowledged by the therapist in public, the offender must be the first to engage in conversation. The guidelines listed above exist in order to protect the offender in the therapeutic relationship. Each of these guidelines will be discussed in the very first session that is held between the two individuals. If the offender has any questions regarding the confidence limitations they are free to ask the therapist during any one of the sessions throughout the treatment period.
Witt, P., Greenfield, D., & Hiscox, S. (2008). Cognitive/behavioural approaches to the treatment adult sex offenders. Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 36(2), 245-269, retrieved from EBSCOhost
It is very common for these individuals to be monitored for drug use during this treatment/therapy regimen so as not to undermine the program or the criminal justice system. Psychotherapy is often best for a population such as sex offenders. Since no medication has yet been proven to be effective against a sex offender’s urges, cognitive behavioral therapy (as well as intense supervision) is the most effective modality of
Although doctor-patient confidentiality is standard today, a caveat about this privilege is that it does not protect all statements made to therapists and only applies to regularly scheduled appointments. Additionally, if a patient reveals that they intend to harm someone, it is the therapist’s duty to report this fact to the proper authorities.
In the event that a prisoner (particularly a sex offender) does complete rehabilitation, he carries with him a stigma upon reentering society. People often fear living near a prior drug addict or convicted murderer and the sensational media hype surrounding released felons can ruin a newly released convict’s life before it beings. What with resident notifications, media scare tactics and general concern for safety, a sex offender’s ability to readapt into society is severely hindered (554). This warrants life-skills rehabilitation applied to him useless, as he will be unable to even attempt to make the right decision regarding further crime opportunities.
Denial is so important in sex offender treatment because it encourages finding out or exploring why denial occurs and adoptions of better and more appropriate patterns and programming (pre-treatments) that will help the offender to learn and acquire information about the offender’s dynamics, defenses, etc. which will help him/her cope well during the treatment sessions. According to Alaska Dept of Corrections and United States of America (1996), some of the aspects dealt with in offender treatment are denial of harm, denial of fantasy or planning, denial of responsibility, denial of frequency of offending and denial of the need for treatment. Polygraph and the penile plethysmograph can assist treatment providers find out more about deviant
Many resources go into the prevention and management of sex offenders. However, very few effective programs exist that decrease the likelihood of reoffending. Through the use of meta-analyses, Seto and Lalumiere (2010) evaluated multiple studies that examined sex offenders. Emphasis was put on etiological explanations in the hopes of identifying factors associated with sex offending. Seto and Lalumiere’s (2010) findings help in creating effective programs to decrease recidivism rates.
When it comes to crimes some criminals tend to serve longer or short sentencing due to what kind of crime was committed. Also, it depends on how the person acts and what type of judge the criminal come across. However; when it comes to criminals like drug dealers and pedophiles ( sex offenders) their sentencing are different and very absurd. In the state of South Carolina, drug dealer should not serve long sentences than Pedophiles (sex offenders)? Due to the numerous crimes like the pedophiles tends to get off easily with two years in jail, house arrest and register on the sex offender list. While the dealers sit in the cell for over 10 years with no parole or probation. In the state of South Carolina they need to fix the charges due to legalization
Sexual assault is an under-reported crime. It is difficult for women to report sexual abuse but it is far more difficult for men. For males, it is exponentially more difficult to report such crimes, thus making it more difficult for victim advocates to present an environment where victims feel comfortable coming forward to report sex crimes. To this end, according to RAINN (2009) male victims of sex related crimes may find it easier to make a first report anonymously, giving them the opportunity to speak to an objective list, specifically trained to address specific and complex emotional issues related to this crime.
There is much debate as to whether a sex offender should be released into the public, this debate stems from the idea that a sex offender cannot be treated and that they are a danger to the public as they are ‘purely evil’ (Burke, 2005), however there is much evidence that sex offenders can be treated and re-introduced into society as a productive member. Sex offender is a general term used to refer to any person who has been convicted of crimes involving sex, from rape and molestation to exhibitionism and pornography distribution. There are many theories which try to explain why people are sexual offenders, these theories along with treatments for sex offenders will be looked at to help explain why people sexually offend and to help evaluate whether sex offenders should be released.
Rehabilitate, and develop, both of the utmost substance when observing the ways in which a sex offender registry are and
There have been numerous laws enacted in response to sexual offender crime. Do these laws really work to help minimize re-offending, or do they give the public a false sense of security and cause recidivism? In several studies, researchers found no evidence of sexual offender registries being effective in increasing public safety. Some studies have found that requiring sex offenders to register with law enforcement may significantly reduce chances of recidivism. However, the research also found that making registry information available to the public may back fire and lead to higher levels of overall sex crimes Background A sex offender is a person, male or female who has been convicted of a sex crime.
3. Report of the Interagency Council on Sex Offender Treatment to the Senate Interim Committee on Health and Human Services and the Senate Committee on Criminal Justice, 1993
Yates, P. M. (2005). Pathways to treatment of sexual offenders: Rethinking intervention. Forum on Corrections Research, 17, 1-9.
Sex offenders have been a serious problem for our legal system at all levels, not to mention those who have been their victims. There are 43,000 inmates in prison for sexual offenses while each year in this country over 510,000 children are sexually assaulted(Oakes 99). The latter statistic, in its context, does not convey the severity of the situation. Each year 510,000 children have their childhood's destroyed, possibly on more than one occasion, and are faced with dealing with the assault for the rest of their lives. Sadly, many of those assaults are perpetrated by people who have already been through the correctional system only to victimize again. Sex offenders, as a class of criminals, are nine times more likely to repeat their crimes(Oakes 99). This presents a
The sex offender registry has been a topic of debates and formal studies since the Minnesota Sex Offender Registration Act was first passed in 1991 (Stevens, n.d.). Sex offenders across the country are being harassed and abused on a daily basis for the crimes they committed, were convicted for, and served their punishment for. Due to the sex offender registry giving out names, pictures, addresses, phone, numbers, vehicle information, as well as other personal information these sex offenders are being targeted in the homes and work places. Their families are also victims of abuse. In addition, the use of the sex offender registry has created blind spots in parents. They may