CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Overview
This chapter describes the methodology and data analysis plan that was used in conducting this study. It includes the sampling plan, operational definitions for the dependent and independent variables, research methodology. Two instruments, The Latino Leadership Survey (LLS) and the Children’s Leadership Questionnaire Survey (CLQS), were used to determine Latino middle school at-risk students’ perception of aspects of leadership.
The dependent variables for this study were minority students’: perception of themselves as leaders, perception or their belief that others see them as leaders, desire to be a leader when they grow up, that anyone can learn to be a leader, perception of the need for leaders, perception
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Questions were selected from two nationally validated surveys, The Latino Leadership Survey (NCLL, 1999) and Children’s Leadership Questionnaire (Villagomez, 2006) were used to construct the study’s survey. It used The Latino Leadership Survey for identification of topics related to general leadership traits and the Children’s Leadership Questionnaire to select relevant items to measure the students’ definition and traits of a leader. This researcher produced a hybrid of these two qualitative instruments tailored for the purpose of the study. Members of the dissertation committee reviewed and approved the selected items and any modification of the wording of the items.
The Latino Leadership Survey is an individual leader interview questionnaire, used in citywide focus groups and a national phone survey. This survey consisted of 60 questions. This instrument was developed in partnership with the Willie Velásquez Research Institute and the Southwest Voter Registration Education Institute both located in San Antonio, Texas. The purpose of this survey was to ask Latino adults to clarify their vision, values, and expectations of leader and
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School District – a public school district where students are enrolled and attend classes.
2. Gender – the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex.
3. Grade Level – no grade lower than six and no grade higher than eight.
4. Grades – a letter, number, or other symbol indicating the relative quality of a student's work in a course, examination, or special assignment as perceived by the student.
5. Ethnicity – American Indian/Native Alaskan, Asian, Black, Hispanic, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Multiracial and White.
6. With whom students’ lived – any family members whom students’ identified as living at home with them.
Operational Definition for Dependent Variables
1. Perception of themselves as leaders – students believe that they are and/or have been leaders.
2. Perception or their belief that others see them as leaders – campus administrators, teachers, parents, and/or their friends see students as leaders.
3. Desire to be a leader when they grow up – students believe that once they grow up they want to become a leader.
4. Belief that anyone can learn to be a leader – students believe that they can learn to be
The political future of Texas has been widely debated since the 2012 election of Pres. Barack Obama, since the state has always played a significant role in impacting national elections. Nationally, there was uneven support among minority voters in favor of the president and Democrats, and as a result there has been an increasing interest in the Hispanic population growth in Texas (Lawrence.) The speculation regards how the changing complexion of Texas voters will influence the political process, with political pundits broadly predicting that since the Latino population typically votes for Democr...
A diverse minority group of Latino and Spanish-speaking peoples has played an important part of what it means to be American and what it means to be a citizen in the United States today. Moving into the future, in order to analyze the trajectory that this group is in, we must first understand the group’s history in the United States and in territories that would become the United States. In addition, we must look at the origins of the most recent wave of Latino immigration in order to understand their current effect on American society and the intersection between both minority and majority groups. Finally, we get to the apex of this investigation: what lies in the future for Latino Americans in the United States? Although Latino Americans have been portrayed by the majority American culture as a lazy, thieving, and dirty people, their presence in the United States has immensely contributed to it’s development socially, economically, and politically, and their continued presence seems integral to the future of an America that is fast arriving at an age-related demographics problem that threatens our continued prosperity and the solvency of the Social Security system.
When we have dreams we do everything possible to achieve them. We are sometimes faced with barriers that prevent, or make it harder for us to accomplish our goals. Latinos in the United States work hard to give their families a better life. Latinos all have faced many challenging circumstances in order to accomplish their dreams. Latinos look up to other Latinos and when they see other Latinos that have succeeded then they feel that they too can succeed in whatever they put their mind to. George Lopez is a Mexican American comedian and actor. He serves as a great role model for every Latino. He went through a lot of tough situations that made his life hard. George Lopez has not only served as a great example of a Latino accomplishing his goals through hard circumstances, but he has never forgotten where he comes from, he has always given back to the community and has also represented the Latino community in the United States in a positive way.
“Where Latinos live greatly depends on when they came to the United States and one their economic class (Rodolfo Acuna 6).” The Latino community is rapidly becoming the most populated minority group within the United States. Latino is a diverse term for Spanish-speaking population often referring to Hispanic or Latino origin. A vast amount of Americans have Hispanic backgrounds among the United States population. The varied Latino cultures planted inside the United States society, population, and government now play a big part in the day to day life of the nation. The United States Latino community is beneficial as it provides a rich cultural diversity, contribute to the nation’s education and form profound influences within the society.
Leadership is an important element in the functioning of group interactions toward an organized goal. Leadership has been defined in many different ways by sociologists and social psychologists alike, numbering too many to discuss here. The most common element found in these definitions is "that leadership involves a process of influence between a leader and followers to attain group, organizational, or societal goals" (Hollander, 1985). In small group interactions, leadership is usually an assigned status, with the "followers" designating, both consciously and subconsciously, someone as a leader. This is a person who, according to the group members, is believed to have those characteristics which are most suited to accomplish the task and objectives of the group (Bales and Slater, 1955). Much of the available early research that I was able to attain focused on leadership and the concept of leadership in terms of political situations. When viewed from a political standpoint, the study of leadership pertains to the analysis of relationships between those who possess power and those who don't possess power (power will be discussed in det...
Latinos have struggled to discover their place inside of a white America for too many years. Past stereotypes and across racism they have fought to belong. Still America is unwilling to open her arms to them. Instead she demands assimilation. With her pot full of stew she asks, "What flavor will you add to this brew?" Some question, some rebel, and others climb in. I argue that it is not the Latino who willingly agreed to partake in this stew. It is America who forced her ideals upon them through mass media and stale history. However her effort has failed, for they have refused to melt.
Cardenas, V., Kerby, S. (2012). The state of Latinos in the United States. Retrieved from www.americanprogress.org
On the other hand, a leader is a person who influences a group of people in order to achieve certain goal. According to Oliver, (2006), leader is an individual who has an ability to demonstrate a specific set of role of behaviours in order to influence the others behaviours and attitudes. There three factor or keys that necessary to obtain a goal, which are the person, people, and purpose. Figure 1 below shows the relationship between the three factors needed to achieve the goal.
Leadership at times can be a complex topic to delve into and may appear to be a simple and graspable concept for a certain few. Leadership skills are not simply acquired through position, seniority, pay scale, or the amount of titles an individual holds but is a characteristic acquired or is an innate trait for the fortunate few who possess it. Leadership can be misconstrued with management; a manager “manages” the daily operations of a company’s work while a leader envisions, influences, and empowers the individuals around them.
In order for a leader to be a leader, he/she must begin with the assumption that you are the one who matters most. As a leader you have to possess that level of confidence in yourself that you are capable of leading yourself “before you can lead others”. And when you develop this belief then you are better able to affirmatively influence “on others”. A leader needs to “believe” in himself and have the confidence that whatever you say will excite and what you do can motivate others. You must be optimistic about what you do, to have some relevance to being in existence.
The vision of leadership that leaders are born made, and not learn to be leaders is still considered but not popular among researchers (Avolio et al, 2013).
Northouse, P. (2010). Leadership: Theory and practice (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Leadership is trait that is extremely important in any society. Leadership is known as the way people attempting to make a difference in a situation. However, I believe that it is better said to be a way of influencing others actions. Leadership is usually connected to a great leader that affected his or her followers in a dynamic way. Throughout the semester for my leadership class, I have expanded the knowledge in numerous ways. I now have fully understanding of the purpose and process of leadership to a society. Being a leader one must maintain an image of being the role model. I believe that this is leader should be who is someone who has the ability to influence, encourage, listen, and nurture. They are able to inspire, stimulate, persuade, shape, and have an effect on others.
As Yukl (2010) indicates, such factors (e.g. personality, values and capacities) attributed to a leader. Normally it is widespread acknowledged that someone is born to be a lead...
Many people associate leadership with a specific job title or form of power within an organization. However, through personal experience, I have concluded that leadership can come in many forms and position as well as from multiple sources of roles and job titles both with and without power. Based on the definition of leadership, anyone can be considered a leader as long as they have the ability to influence people to achieve a particular result or goal which benefits the organization or group as a whole. Individuals with a secure sense of self and understanding, acceptance of diversity within an organization tend to be the strongest leaders that not only make others want to follow, but they also encourage other leaders to gravitate to their