Introduction
The chapter I will be critiquing is titled “Latin America: media conglomerates” written by José-Carlos Lozano, from Artz, L & Kamalipour, Y, The media globe: trends in international mass media. In this chapter Lozano (2007) is trying to discover how the Latin American audiovisual space has changed over time to what it has become in present day. This is told by finding about dominance of US media on Latin American mass media systems and how it has changed from the 1970s to present day. The main argument suggests that in the 1970s and 1980s, the Latin American mass media system was very much dependant on the US as a whole adopting their media system entirely. As time moved on this lessened right until present day where Latin American media dominates open-TV primarily with Telenovelas. However, genres such as fiction are still popular by the US media on open-TV and predominantly paid-TV. Lozano (2007) believes that although more Latin American media is now being produced, it is also being co-produced around the world (including the US) with US content still dominating in fiction and movies since the 1970s within Latin America.
Critical evaluation
Lozano (2007) himself predominantly researches in international, political and mass communication areas having written over 40 journals within those areas. He presents the chapter very much in an impartial situation having worked from previous theorists and their theories to provide a base for his own research.
• Lozano (2007) mentions that scholars in present day in Latin America are using the terms, “cultural proximity”, “cultural linguistic markets” and “cultural discount” to endorse the production of Latin American media. Due to the present performance of the Latin Amer...
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... conclusion, I believe that Lozano (2007) is correct in stating that more research needs to be going ahead in order for a full conclusion to come to this investigation. However, some facts are still true to this day including US fiction having a steady popularity through time. Very few researchers have looked into media conglomerates and flow in Latin America in recent years with much of the assumptions coming from research from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s.
Bibliography
Books
Lozano, J 2007, The media globe: trends in international mass media, Rowman & Liittlefield, Plymouth.
Matos, C 2013, Media and politics in Latin America: globalization, democracy and identity, I.B.Tauris, London.
Websites
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39 Wilson, Clint and Felix Gutierrez. Race, Multiculturalism, and the Media: From Mass to Class Communication. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1995: 45.
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Mignolo, W. D. (2005). The Idea of Latin America (pp. 1-94). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
One of the most seemingly logical methods to help the "international" attitude towards globalization and the media is to let every culture have the opportunity to subjectively represent their cultures and means of technological support. Cultural globalization includes the domineering dimension of the media. All the ideologies of the writers and researchers discussed in the paper seem to unanimously agree that while cultural globalization has its pros, there are most definitely cons on the other side.
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Marxism in media criticism deals with socioeconomics and examines class system in relation to historical materialism. This methodology is used analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of laborer and in their economic struggles. Marxist political economy is relationships between people and classes through the patterns of media ownership for profit-motives and how it influences media business practices. An example of this is how we consume media. Both entertainment and media industries are making billions off our consumption of what we read, view, listening to and downloading. The analyses of mass media examines the relations of production under multinational capitalism. These patterns of media ownership are concentration, meaning small concentration of small industries owners that dominate their field. Conglomeration, accumulating multiple companies through mergers and takeovers. Integration, is how a business is put together by vertical and horizontal integration. Multinationalism, which is corporation’s being in multiple countries distributing products
Clayton, Lawrence A. & Michael L. Conniff. A History of Modern Latin America. Harcourt Brace College Publishers. 1999.
The New Latin American Cinema emerged mostly out of the countries of Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico during a time period when there was a large amount of hot button issues, and radical revolutions in Latin America and all over the world. The 1960’s brought about a considerable volume of change and questioning within the film industry and as a result, it gave birth to playing with conventional American formulaic films. These changes allowed for Latin American filmmakers to represent their people in a much more realistic fashion, instead of compromising culture for the sake of ticket sales. These films were intended to provoke discussion within the people by representing real and raw imagery on the screen. New Latin American Cinema is the
Mittell’s argument for the examination of genre within a cultural context is useful, particularly when applied to post-network telev...
Ceulemans, Mieke, and Guido Fauconnier. "Mass Media: The Image, Role, and Social Conditions of Women." Global Media Journal June 2012: 1-79.
Inevitably we have found significant evidence of Western (particularly US) media influences. More specific examples include Pan-Latin American television networks include the US-based CNN en Espanol, Univision, and MundoVision, as well as Spain’s Canal 24 Horas. Some part of their media is a commercial media market which is controlled by a small number of wealthy individuals (e.g. Mexican media Remigio Angel Gonzalalez’ Albavision encompasses 26 TV stations and 82 radio stations, and includes La Red (Chile), ATV (Peru), SNT (Paraguay) and Canal 9
Merrill, J. C. (1983). Global journalism: A survey of the world's mass media. New York: Longman.