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the history of kodak essay
kodak and the digital revolution
kodak company influence on photography
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Kodak
Eastman Kodak Company is one of the world's largest manufacturers of photographic equipment. It develops, manufactures, and markets photographic and chemical products for both amateur and professional photographers. The company's other products include X-ray films, pharmaceuticals, copier-duplicators, acetate fibers, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, and videocassettes. Kodak also provides film and equipment for commercial fields such as the healthcare and motion picture industries. Kodak also manufactures photographic equipment for the government’s aerial, space, and other scientific needs, including the fabled satellite reconnaissance cameras that can read a license plate from orbit—at least according to the lore of the Cold War.
The American businessman George Eastman founded the company in 1880 as a result of his interest in making amateur picture-taking easier and less expensive. Eastman revolutionized photography in 1885 when he introduced roll film, which used a paper base instead of glass. The company marketed its first camera in 1888, and in 1889 it introduced the first flexible, transparent roll film for commercial purposes. The company's headquarters are in Rochester, New York.
Eastman was born in Waterville, New York. His family moved to Rochester, New York, in 1860. There, he developed a dry photographic plate, which he began manufacturing in 1880. In 1888, Eastman introduced the Kodak. This lightweight, box-shaped camera contained film wound on rollers, eliminating the need for glass photographic plates. By the early 1900's, the Eastman Kodak Company had become the largest photographic film and camera producer in the world. Research and technical improvements helped keep Eastman ahead of his competitors. Joerg D. Agin is the key decision maker of Eastman Kodak Company. Mr. Agin began his career at Eastman Kodak as an electrical engineer in 1967. He held a variety of assignments in the Motion Picture and Audiovisual Product Division.
Daniel A. Carp is the President and he began his Kodak career in 1970 as a statistical analyst and held a variety of increasingly responsible positions in market research, business planning, marketing management and line-of-business management, including general manager of Sales for Kodak Canada and general manager of Consumer Electronics Division.
The Eastman Kodak began is normal b...
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...f film and digital-based products in the world.
They’ve created a sustainable, profitable top-line growth for Kodak, expanding the use of pictures, expanding the market for pictures, and enabling convenience, easy access to pictures all around the globe. Kodak’s expectations for the year 2004, is the product to be the largest single product to be used by use the consumer. Also by the end of 2004 they expect to see and increases of $1 ½ to $4 billion of revenue . The recent growth strategies at Kodak have focused on digital imaging and strategic partnerships with AOL, eBay, and Hewlett Packard, giving the company a strong grip in the market.
Kodak will provide full-scale Local Area Network, Wide Area Network, and wireless telecommunication services. Kodak has formed an alliance with AT&T that enables Kodak to serve as a sales agent for AT&T's telecommunication services, managed services, wide area network services, and Web site services. This provides us with an entire digital imaging solution by connecting digital capture, processing, storage and output devices to meet our specific needs. Kodak can serve as your single point of contact for all digital imaging network needs.
There first invention produced was the Technicolor System 1 Additive Color, which I’m sorry to say flopped massively due to the unfortunate screening of The Gulf Between in 1917 which only a few frames remain of this film today. This was the first public premier of the technology and was disastrous. The film was captured through two separate filters red and green and the light through those two filters was captured on a single reel of film, when processed this negative had red and green information captured on a black and white reel, when this was processed the reel was placed into a projector and then threw red and green filters. To project the image an adjustable prism that had to manually lined up by the projectionist as two separate images formed on the projection screen this did not work as planned as the projectionist failed to line up the images correctly.
Leica introduced a small format 35mm camera in 1925. This smaller machine revolutionized the way photographers could transport the camera, as they could photograph discretely in all situations. (Uk.leica-camera.com, n.p.) Leica are considered a premium brand camera, well built and precise ensuring the images they create are quality. Leica, who are still a camera maker, have photographic galleries in Frankfurt, Los Angles, New York, Salzburg and Tokyo, alternating exhibitions of work that the Magnum Photographers captured. But from here, the 3...
George Eastman founded the Eastman Kodak Company in 1888, and pioneered the photography industry with new technology that would help bring photography to the mainstream. After its inception, Kodak created what many called a "monopoly" in the photography industry. Both in 1921 and in 1954 the company had to endure a consent decree imposed by the US Government in which it was concluded that Kodak monopolized the market in violation of the Sherman Act (the first and oldest of all US federal, antitrust laws). Kodak settled the 1921 decree and agreed to be bound by restrictions. The Company was barred from preventing dealers from freely selling goods produced by competitors. On the other hand, the 1954 decree prevented Kodak from selling a bundle that included the color film and the photofinishing, among other restrictions. This tying arrangement of products is an agreement by a party to sell one product on the condition that the buyer also purchases a different (or tied) product, or at least agrees that he will not purchase that product from any other supplier. In this case, Kodak was selling the photo film while conditioning the buyer to also buy the photofinishing product (because it was included in the price). Both decrees had supporting evidence of the high market power that Kodak had at the time, for which both cases were based.
The origin of film started in the late 1800’s with the invention of kinetoscopes. With the perfection of a moving picture camera in 1892, and the ensuing invention of the peephole kinetoscope in 1893, the stage was set for the modern film industry. The kinetoscope was built to handle only one customer at a time. When putting a penny or nickel in the coin slot, someone could watch a brief, black and white motion picture film. These kinetoscope parlors opened in New York, Chicago and several other countries by the end of the 1800’s. Even thought the kinetoscope pretty much disappeared by the 1900’s, it created the innovation of new advancements in film. With the combination of new audiences as well as a growing class of small entrepreneurs, the film industry resulted in an explosion of nickelodeons after 1905. These nickelodeons were five-cent films that garnered several admissions daily. “In 1911 the Patents Company reported 11,500 theaters across America devoted solely to showing motion pictures, with hundreds more showing them occasionally; daily attendance that year probably reached five million. By 1914 the figures reached about 18,000 theaters, with more than seven mil- lion daily admissions totaling about $300 million” (Czitrom). Although these motion picture shows were very popular, they had several issues as well. Poor sanitation, dangerous
The advice I would give Hudson concerning long-term management of Eastman Kodak’s networked IS organization is that she would want to consider automating the business processes with the Alliance organizations if they plan on outsourcing their services for over a long period of time. The benefit would be cost reduction time wise and faster service and product to customers. Some of the processes I noted are used on their websites (www.kodak.com), for example, delivering pictures to customers through email.
The history of the camera, it all started in 1816 with Nicephore Niepce made his first camera and a piece of paper coated in silver chloride, but sadly due to over exposure to light the photograph is now entirely black. Four years later Niepce used a sliding wooden box camera made by Parisian opticians Charles and Vincent Chevalier. Niepce coated each photo with Bitumen of Judea only one of those photographs has survived. Niepce died in 1833, after his death his partner Louis Daguerre took over with experimenting. By 1837 he had created the first practical photographic process, which he dubbed as the Daguerreotype and publicly unveiled it in 1839. In 1871 Richard Leach Maddox crearred gelatin dry plates which made it faster and had better
The core focus of this report is devising a new product and implement marketing plan for Canon plc. The company is currently facing huge competition from its competitor worldwide, especially in Japan where it has lost market leadership. Due to the decreasing profit margin and threat of losing market share, the company has decided to come up with new innovate Canon Hybrid DSLR which will help the company in improving its profit margin and sustaining market share in UK and worldwide. The report is divided into six parts, which are as follow
People always want to keep the prefect moments in their lives. So they invented cameras that the earliest invention which can help people to do that. Nowadays cameras have become a part of people¡¯s lives. Most of families own at least one camera. Wherever there is a party, a picnic, a wedding or something else, we use a camera to save the memories. With the development of technology, there is a new kind of camera which becomes a fashion all over the word. It named digital camera which is short for DC. Digital cameras are different form the traditional cameras. The biggest differentiation between the two cameras are digital cameras do not need films whilst tradition camera need. Compare with tradition camera, digital camera has more advantages for ordinary consumer than disadvantages. But people use the tradition cameras for more than 150 years, will they easily to accept the new camera? How to motivate consumer to buy digital cameras? Can the marketers create such a need to them? For this article, I would discuss the need and motivation of consumers, and show the answer about the questions above.
The Kodak. Earlier designs of the cameras existed before the 1800’s, but that is when the first practical camera was developed. Next came the Kodak camera developed by a man named George Eastman; he marketed and sold this camera in the year 1888. This original version of the Kodak camera used flexible roll film, and was sold for $25. Customers could take
The idea for photographing came around in 1814 when Joseph Niépce wanted an image of his son before he left for war. He succeeded in making the first camera in 1827, but the camera needed at least eight hours to produce one picture. Parisian Louis Daguerre invented the next kind of camera in 1839, who worked with Niépce for four years. His camera only needed fifteen to thirty minutes to produce a picture. Both Niécpe’s and Daguerre’s cameras made pictues on metal plates. In the same year Daguerre made his camera, an Englishman by the name of William Henry Fox Talbot made the first camera that photographed pictures on paper. The camera printed a reverse picture onto a negative and chemicals were needed to produce the photo up right. In 1861, color film came along and pictures were produced with color instead of being just black and white. James Clerk Maxwell is credited with coming up with color film, after he took the ...
products such as film. Early success helped Kodak to have all necessary recourses to invest in
The Eastman Kodak Company was established in the 1880’s as a film business, set on establishing its brand name in the marketplace through customer-focused advertising and growth through research and development and low cost mass production. The founder, George Eastman, described Kodak’s competitive philosophy by commenting that “nothing is more important than the value of our name and the quality it stands for. We must make quality our fighting argument” (Gavetti, Henderson & Giorgi, 2005).
The major new market that Kodak has to deal with at the minute is the implementation of digital electronics. Kodak’s fast acting in this area has made it an early market leader. However, market leading in this day and age is a lot harder than ever before, because of the amount of new entrants into the market. But with every up comes a down, and so too, this new market of digital posses a threat to Kodak, because it makes their traditional products obsolete. As the Asian and European markets are moving on to digital, it would seem that it would be the best area
Digital camera is a very important tool nowadays. People would always want to save their memories in the shape of pictures that will last forever. People were amazed when the first ever camera introduced back in hundreds of years ago. At that time camera consisted of large and impractical components and it was very hard to use. In fact, it even took quite some time to develop the pictures on the paper. But now there are some products of digital camera that are very easy to use and with its pocket-sized feature, one can carry it everywhere. There are several advantages of using digital camera: very easy to use, easy to carry on, instant feedback; which means one can immediately review the captured pictures and erase any pictures that they don’t like. One real advantage of digital camera is that one can share the pictures with other people easily thanks to the high speed internet connection. Before digital camera one has to print pictures, paying for postage, and waiting for the pictures to be delivered. Gone were that days since it is possible now to share the pictures online within minutes.