The Transcultural Integrative Model: The Kitchener's Critical Evaluation Model

Kitchener’s Critical Evaluation Model

The Kitchener Critical Evaluation Model came about in the 1980’s and is considered the building block for other models. This model believed there was a need to deeper the understanding of ethics beyond a counselor’s moral judgment (Cottone & Claus, 2000). Kitchener created five principles for counselors to follow that create a guide for what is ethically expected. The first principle is autonomy, which is given to the client for them to find their freedom. The second principle is beneficence, which is the counselor’s duty to seek out the good. The third principle is nonmaleficence, which is the counselor’s responsibility to do no harm to the client. The fourth principle is justice, which is counselors dedicating fairness to clients. The final principle is fidelity, where counselors are loyal to their clients (Herlihy & Corey, 2015). Kitchener viewed right and wrong on a critical evaluation level. Depending upon each situation there is

The idea behind this model was to train counselors to their best abilities to be culturally aware and sensitive to the problems that arise. This integrative model provides a combination of principle ethics and virtue ethics, together creating four principles. The principles counselors are to follow are morals, beliefs, experience, and rational analysis (Garcia, Cartwright, Winston, & Borzuchowska, 2003). When problems arise there is four-step process to operate. First discover the dilemma and find how it differs from your personal worldview. Second step is to resolve the ethical dilemma. The third step is to create a course of action. The final step is to evaluate the overall plan (Herlihy & Corey, 2015). This model is an essential way for counselors to integrate different types of ethics and become culturally