In 1983, Howard Gardner developed a number of criteria for determining different intelligences. Gardner recognized numerous “frames of mind”, or unique ideas about viewing the world. Each frame of mind is a special and independent intelligence. He referred to these criteria as the theory of multiple intelligences. Three separate intelligences are linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, and logical/mathematical. Today, there are many of real-world examples that exemplify the preceding intelligences, including Stephen King, Usain Bolt, and Manahel Thabet. Although Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences has been tremendously influential in educational practices, there are many critics who argue against his research.
One intelligence that Gardner specifies is verbal/linguistic, or the ability to speak and write well. A real-world example of this type of intelligence is Stephen King. King is one of the greatest horror writers of all time. During his career, King has written 50 novels and multiple collections of short stories and short fiction. King has received multiple awards and nominations for his work. King exemplifies linguistic intelligence because he shows extreme ability to effectively use language to express himself
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King shows significant verbal/linguistic intelligence, Bolts displays remarkable bodily-kinesthetic ability, and Thabet exemplifies substantial logical/mathematical intelligence. Although Gardner's theory is extremely influential today, there are many critics who argue against his research. Due to the fact that Gardner hasn't developed proper tests to measure his intelligences, critics argue that his theory is not falsifiable. It is also unclear whether all of Gardner's “intelligences” are truly related to intelligence. Regardless of the debate, Gardner's theory has had a profound impact on
Stephen King is one of the most influential authors of today. His award-winning novels and short stories are known world-wide. His many awards and nominations have created a space for him in the literary world. King is a true “Horror King”, for his books, turned movies, have scared millions worldwide. Stephen King has helped bring America to prominence through his many books, essays, and short stories.
Gardner’s 8 intelligences, with the 8th one just recently being added to the intelligences, stated as “nature smart’. The core of this intelligence is the ability to recognize parts of the natural world such as plants, animals, clouds and rocks. He believes that this is not an intelligence that only certain nature girls or nature boys can achieve. This is an intelligence that all humans innately have. Although is hikjacked by the need to deal with the world of man-made objects. In the first chapter of this book this theory is supported by a statement from a research project that was conducted by the author in the 1980s; the author interviewed over three thousand children and parents throughout the country in urban, suburban and rural areas. One of the comments that stuck out to him the most was from a fourth grade boy that stated, “I like to play indoors better, ‘cause that’s where all of the electrical outlets
Muhammad Ali, one of the most talented African American people in the world once said “Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee” ("30 of Muhammad"). Jackie Robinson, Muhammad Ali, and Wilma Rudolph were some of the most talented African Americans who ever took steps on planet Earth. Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play professional baseball in 1947 (Swaine). Muhammad Ali was one of the most talented, smart and hard working human beings.Wilma Rudolph was the first African American to win three gold medals in one Olympic event (Roberts). African American athletes have impacted U.S. history as demonstrated by Jackie Robinson, Muhammad Ali, and Wilma Rudolph.
In Howard Gardner’s “Theory of Multiple Intelligences” he states that there are seven different kinds of intelligence. He alludes that everyone has the potential to be intelligent in an unconventional way. Gardner writes, “The question of the optimal definition of intelligence looms large in our inquiry. Indeed it is at the level of this definition that the theory of multiple intelligences diverges from the traditional points of view”(370). If one were to have a more conservative education, Gardner’s ideas would have been absurd because nobody would have understood them. People would have only understood intelligence as being smart in school. People with a conservative education would never look deeper into things. On the other hand, a liberal education teaches people to challenge what they have learned, if they do not agree with it. Gardner did just that. Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was measured by IQ tests. Gardner did not agree with this, so he did his own research on it. Because of Gardner’s liberal education, he was able to rise above those who received a more conservative education.
General intelligence tends to relate to various degrees with each other (Cohen 2012). An example of this is that if an individual is good in math, they may also be good in spelling. In this weeks reading we reviewed several different models of measurement of intelligence. In regard to these theories and general intelligence (g), the theories are various but have commonality and overlap. The Spearman's two-factor theory is if a test has high correlation with other test than the measurement of g is highly saturated (Cohen, 2012). The greater the importance of g on a test, the better the test is believed to predict intelligence
Everyone goes through different experiences in life, just as everyone has different types of intelligences and skills. In total there are nine types of intelligences but there is only 2 listed using 3 paragraphs. These examples come from “Flowers for Algernon” or “Dakota Fullest Earns Nation’s Highest Folk Honor”. Some ways in which people demonstrate their knowledge and skill is through Howard Gardner’s Logical/ Mathematical , Bodily/ Kinesthetic , and Intrapersonal intelligences.
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.
Most researchers believe that we are born with a certain intelligence or potential intelligence. They also believe that the intelligence we are born with is difficult to change. Psychologists use short-answer tests to assess one’s intelligence (Gardner papers). It was believed that intelligence was a single inherited thing. Human beings start out initially as a blank slate and could be trained to learn anything, provided that it was presented in an appropriate way (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Currently an “increasing number of researchers believe the opposite. Gardner defined intelligence as: “the ability to create an effective product or offer a service that is valued in culture; a set ...
Well first it is important that we look at what I mean by intelligence. We know three things about intelligence: it is diverse, we think about the world in all the ways we experience it, through vision, sound, kinesthetic; it is dynamic, it is very interactive, the brain is not compartmentalized, it relies on all parts to function; it is distinct, everyone has a talent and it is important that people find that talent special to them. Intelligence is dependent on several factors but one of the most important factors research suggests is creativity. Creativity is another broad term, which, along with many experts in this field, will define as the ability to have original ideas that have value (Changing Paradigms). Now an important part to creativity is divergent thinking. Robinson explains divergent thinking is the ability to look at a problem and come up with many ways to solve the problem and this is a necessary part of intelligence because it allows you to come up with original processes ways to solve a problem. An example of divergent thinking would be “how many uses can you think of for a paper clip?”. Most people c...
The definition of intelligence becomes even more complicated when one considers the work of Howard Gardner. Gardner claims that intelligence can not be defined with one definition because intelligence is not one thing. Gardner purports that there are eight different categories of intelligence: musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. He is currently considering adding a ninth category of intelligence: existential (Carvin).
The theory of multiple intelligences Educational researcher and developmental psychologist Howard Gardner, in 1983 introduced a revolutionary idea with his groundbreaking study, "Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences," in which he theorizes that not all students learn best in the same way. Gardner's studies showed there are some students that learn best by using visual aids, and others that learn best by
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence focuses more on how numerical expressions of human intelligence are not a full and accurate depiction of people’s abilities (McFarlane, 2011). He includes and describes eight intelligences that are based on skills and abilities that are valued within different cultures. The eight intelligences include visual-spatial (e.g. sailor navigating with no navigational systems), verbal-linguistic (e.g. poets, writers, orators, and communicators), bodily-kinesthetic (e.g. dancers, athletes, surgeons, craftspeople), logical-mathematical (e.g. mathematicians and logicians), interpersonal(e.g. salespeople, teachers, clinicians, politicians, and religious leaders), musical (e.g. musicians and
In 1983, Howard Gardner a Harvard professor proposed the theory that individual can have multiple ways of learning and processing information. The multiple intelligences consist of 9 different ways and these include: verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, existential, musical, naturalistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Every individual has a different amount of each intelligence but each intelligence is at a varying level. With the help of a multiple intelligences assessment, I found that my top three multiple intelligences are Intrapersonal, logical, and interpersonal. Within his research Gardner says that “Intrapersonal intelligence refers to people’s ability to recognize and assess those same characteristics
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.