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women's role in politics
women's role in politics
women's role in politics
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The rise of Kim Campbell as Canada's first female Prime Minister is considered by many to be that of a phenomenon. Webster's Dictionary describes a phenomenon as being something of significant or rare, either fact or event. This can be shown by the rise of Kim Campbell from a local Vancouver School Board Trustee, to becoming Prime Minister of Canada. Of course, this success was dependent on her ability and ambition to succeed in what is still considered in contemporary terms as being a male dominated area of profession. Politics, especially in Canada and the United States has never been known for its equal availability between men and women, and only in recent times has seen growth in the number of women who are elected and participate in the democratic process. While other women in the past have made strides to provide equality between men and women, Kim Campbell is said to have made the biggest stride of all, she achieved many positions that had formerly been male dominated, and in some cases restricted to certain provinces of Canada. Campbell's rise to power can be credited to various factors, but of these factors, her education, her native province, her actions as a cabinet minister and a desire for change are most important. These factors would lead Kim Campbell to rise as Canada's first female Prime Minister. The factors that would ultimately be her demise were stronger than those that had helped her there, the media and internal fighting made it impossible for Campbell to continue as Prime Minister after the 1993 election.
Academically, Kim Campbell was a longtime student of government and politics. She first studied at the University of British Columbia; then moved onwards and upwards to the London School of Ec...
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...ebec in 1989. While many, including feminist groups argue that more could have been done, during her time in office, others like to believe that if it had not been for her being a woman, nothing would have been done. Credit must be given to Kim Campbell for taking chances and showing enormous ambition, in order to better herself, but also women in general throughout Canada.
Works Consulted
Bueckert, Dennis., Kim Campbell: Above the Shoulders Voyageur Publishing: Quebec, 1993.
Campbell, Kim., Time and Change Doubleday Canada Limited: Toronto, 1996.
Davey, Frank., Reading "Kim" Right Talton Books: Vancouver, 1993.
Dobbin, Murray., The Politics of Kim Campbell: From School Trustee to Prime Minister James
Lorimer & Company Publishers: Toronto, 1993
Fife, Robert., Kim Campbell: The Making of a Politician Harper Collins Publishers: Toronto,
1993.
In Canada, women make up slightly more than half of the population. However, throughout Canadian history and modern day, women are needing to stand up for themselves and other women to bring about change. Canadian women are strong and have the power to work together and bring about change. Jennie Trout stood up for Canadian women that wanted to be in the medical field, women during WWI made a difference in their lives by entering the workplace and standing for their right to work, Nellie McClung was a leader for women’s suffrage, and The Famous Five campaigned and won The “Persons” Case allowing women to be considered persons under the Canadian Constitution. These women were instigators of change. Change for women only occurs when ambitious and courageous women stand up for a difference that they deserve.
Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson was a prominent figure in Canada in the 1960s. Pearson was Canada's most significant post WWII prime minister because of his government's many innovations that still benefit Canadians today. He fostered Canadian nationalism, which continues to the present day, promoted equality throughout Canada – equality that now thrives as part of Canada's identity – and he introduced many social services that are still implemented today.
...eginning of the idea that women are equal to men. And they proved themselves through helping Canada’s economy, taking part in a greater part in society and earning their political power for the first time. The role of women changed economically, socially and politically, giving women rights and independence.
"It is what we prevent, rather than what we do that counts most in Government." (Mackenzie King august 26, 1936) This statement sums up the best secrets of Mackenzie King's success as prime minister, and perhaps, the key to governing Canada effectively. King's record of prime minister is sometimes difficult to judge. He had no uninteresting images, he gave no repetitive speeches, and he champions no drastic stage. He is remembered for his easygoing, passive compromise and conciliation (Gregory, page 267). Yet Mackenzie King led Canada for a total of twenty-two years, through half the Depression and all of the Second World War. Like every other prime minister, he had to possess ambition, endurance and determination to become prime minister and, in spite if appearances, his accomplishments in that role required political acuity, decisiveness and faultless judgment.
Even though he is remembered as Prime Minister, Pierre Trudeau’s legacy did not start there. While his sixteen years as Prime Minister is said to be his greatest achievement, his reputation as a hard worker started after he graduated from the University of Montreal, when he landed a position as a desk officer for the Privy Council; he practiced law, specializing in labour and civil liberty cases –issues he later brought into focus of Canadians– from 1951 to 1961. During these years, Trudeau spent his time opposing the ‘Union Nationale’ government of Maurice Duplessis; he demanded both social and political change. “Trudeau sought to rouse opposition ...
Newman, Garfield et al. Canada A Nation Unfolding. Toronto: Mc Graw – Hill Ryerson Limited, 2000.
Perhaps no other jurist could have come to the Supreme Court under greater expectations. When President Ronald Reagan nominated Sandra Day O'Connor in 1981 to be the first woman to sit on the Supreme Court, he did soto keep a campaign promise. O'Connor's nomination was quick to draw criticism from both the political people left and right. Conservatives put down her lack of federal judicial experience and claimed that she didn't have any constitutional knowledge. They considered her a wasted nomination and suspected her position on abortion. Liberals, on the other hand, could not deny their satisfaction at seeing a woman on the High Court, but they were disappointed in O'Connor's apparent lack of strong support for feminist issues. In time, however, O'Connor has come to answer all these criticisms. O'Connor has emerged from the shadow of Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist and the Court's conservative bloc with her own brand of pragmatic and centrist-oriented conservatism. Even those liberals who branded her a "traitor" in her early years for compromising on abortion rights, now appreciate her efforts to keep the "pro-choice" message of Roe v. Wade in 1973. O'Connor's success should come at no surprise. From her country childhood to her career climb through a profession dominated by men, O'Connor often resorted to practical solutions as she worked within the system. This made her more important in the Supreme Court.
Following World War 1, Canada became bitterly divided due to the political change moves. For one of the first times, women started to stand in equality. Towards the end of the decade, the “Person’s Case” was established, which is case stating that women are eligible to partake in the Canadian Senate. Before this case women were not considered “person’s” in the eyes of the law, and according to the BNA act only “persons” were aloud to join the Canadian Senate. However, the famous five, Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, Henrietta Muir Edwards, Louise McKinney and Irene Parlby changed that case as well as the world for women. Soon, women were having the same rights as men. Another challenge faced, was the Winnipeg general strike which occurred in 1919. Winnipeg’s building trades workers walked off their jobs demanding for higher wages and less working hours. Soon, everyone started to leave their jobs. This caused problems because families were unsuccessful in obtaining the resources they needed. To stop this maddened the government started to arrest individuals. The General Strike left a legacy of bitterness and controversy among labour groups across Canada. It was a failure. The “Persons’s Case” and Winnipeg general strike have come to symbolize the politics of the
Over several decades, Canadian women have greatly exceeded and made several advancement in earning women’s equality. Agnes MacPhail was a strong determined woman. At a young age, Macphail disliked housework and preferred helping her father with the farm livestock. She had longed for a life outside the farm work and hoped to attend school. However, Agnes’ family was in dire need for help to support the farm. She took action and never lost hope as she pleaded for two years for her parent's approval to go to school. With persistence and hope she gained their permission to start an education. Several women have shown phenomenal strength and conquered challenges to achieve equality. Women lived in a male-dominated society; however after 1914, Canadian
Gender equality had always been a vast topic for the ancients to solve and for modern society to improve on. From the society's early beginning of Masculinity to the gender equality contemporary world that we are maintaining, year 2016 has been exactly a century since women in Canada had first received their right to vote in the 20th century. In today’s world, it is not uncommon or abnormal for abounding amounts of females voting or running for political parties. This hundred-year recognition was earned through many female’s and male’s withstand to rights for women to vote. Many trials and obstacles were present for women when they were fighting for their right
“Honey, you’re not a person, now get back in the kitchen and make me a sandwich!” If a husband were to say these words to his wife today, he would likely receive a well-deserved smack to the face. It is not until recently that Canadian women have received their status as people and obtained equal rights as men. Women were excluded from an academic education and received a lesser pay than their male counter parts. With the many hardships women had to face, women were considered the “slave of slaves” (Women’s Rights). In the past century, women have fought for their rights, transitioning women from the point of being a piece of property to “holding twenty-five percent of senior positions in Canada” (More women in top senior positions: Report). The Married Women’s Property Act, World War I, The Person’s Case, and Canadian Human Rights Act have gained Canadian women their rights.
Before the outbreak of World War I women could rarely get jobs, the role of a woman was to stay home and take care of her husband and children. It was when World War I broke out, that working women became a normal sight . Unfortunately, when World War I was over, women were expected to return and resume their role of taking care of their family. Then the Great Depression broke out, and women were still expected to stay at home, even though it would have been advantageous for them to be working with their husbands. When World War II broke out women were once again called upon to work in factories, and just like the end of World War I, returning veterans wanted their jobs back . It was still not accepted by the majority of Canadian men for women to work. Job aspects were looking down for women, by 1946 the rate of women's participation in the labour force had dropped to Depression levels , but since women’s contribution in World War II had been so impactful, a feminist movement started to occur; married women began entering the labo...
Consequently, there were social changes, through urbanization and industrialization, that transformed the social order and the status of women. The first Montreal movement for women suffrage was inspired by the socio-economic developments that was influencing urban reform.22 Their purpose was to change their household role into professions within the urban transformation of society.23 As a result of their social implication, they desired women rights in “public health, the organization of municipal services, work regulation for women and children, access to education, and professional opportunities.”24 Despite their strong will, the first few Quebec women movements had failed and disbanded. Still, they were able to organize the women and give them the potential of their capabilities in politics.
Government of Canada. Legacy of Sir John A Macdonald. 29 Apr. 2005. Library and Archives Canada. 29 May 2011
Women have experienced hardship in the Canadian markets since their initial entry in the labour force. Statistics and findings prove that the trends around women receiving less than equal pay and a lack of female leaders in the labour markets are in fact improving. While women and men are close to being equal in numbers in the workforce, there is still inequity financially. This issue of almost equal number of females to males in the labour market, but lack of actual equality in the labour force is significant and to be addressed. This research paper will identify the causes of the inequity of wages and leadership progression between the sexes and outline how it can be improved.